Cat. No.: HY-14275

Verapamil

(Synonyms: (±)-Verapamil; CP-16533-1)

86 Cited Publications

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Based on 86 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Verapamil ((±)-Verapamil) is a calcium channel blocker and a potent and orally active first-generation P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor. Verapamil also inhibits CYP3A4. Verapamil has the potential for high blood pressure, heart arrhythmias and angina research.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.88%
CAS No.: 52-53-9
Formula: C₂₇H₃₈N₂O₄
Molecular Weight:454.60

Storage:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Verapamil Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 52-53-9

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (86)
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Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

CYP3

All Calcium Channel Isoforms :

All Cytochrome P450 Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
2008	IC₅₀	9.66 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of human MRP1 in human 2008 cells Inhibition of human MRP1 in human 2008 cells	[PMID: 18707884]
A2780	IC₅₀	5.42 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of P-gp in human A2780 cells Inhibition of P-gp in human A2780 cells	[PMID: 18707884]
A2780 ADR	IC₅₀	5.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in adriamycin-resistant human A2780/ADR cells by calcein AM assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in adriamycin-resistant human A2780/ADR cells by calcein AM assay	[PMID: 19250834]
A2780 ADR	IC₅₀	5.4 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-gp expressed in A2780adr cells by calcein AM accumulation assay Inhibition of P-gp expressed in A2780adr cells by calcein AM accumulation assay	[PMID: 21354800]
A2780/Taxol	IC₅₀	18.8 nM Compound: Verapamil	Potentiation of paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity against human A2780/TAX cells assessed as paclitaxel IC50 at 10 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 3970 nM) Potentiation of paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity against human A2780/TAX cells assessed as paclitaxel IC50 at 10 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 3970 nM)	[PMID: 30455148]
A2780/Taxol	IC₅₀	0.0188 μM Compound: VRP	Reversal of multidrug resistance activity in P-gp overexpressing human A2780T cells assessed as potentiation of PTX-induced cytotoxicity by measuring PTX IC50 at 10 uM incubated for 48 hrs in presence of paclitaxel by MTT assay (Rvb = 3.972 uM) Reversal of multidrug resistance activity in P-gp overexpressing human A2780T cells assessed as potentiation of PTX-induced cytotoxicity by measuring PTX IC50 at 10 uM incubated for 48 hrs in presence of paclitaxel by MTT assay (Rvb = 3.972 uM)	[PMID: 32750634]
A2780/Taxol	IC₅₀	0.032 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of multi-drug resistance in human A2780/Taxol cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Reversal of multi-drug resistance in human A2780/Taxol cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36871374]
A549	IC₅₀	127.09 μM Compound: verapamil	Cytotoxicity against taxol-resistant human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against taxol-resistant human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25582602]
A7R5	IC₅₀	0.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	Antagonist activity at calcium channel in rat A7R5 cells assessed as inhibition of Cacl2/KCl-induced increase in intracellular Ca2+ incubated for 15 mins prior to Cacl2/KCl challenge by fluorescence assay Antagonist activity at calcium channel in rat A7R5 cells assessed as inhibition of Cacl2/KCl-induced increase in intracellular Ca2+ incubated for 15 mins prior to Cacl2/KCl challenge by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 25311564]
B16-F10	ED₅₀	3 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of human MDR1 expressed in mouse B16/F10 cells assessed as increase in doxorubicin accumulation by fluorimetry Inhibition of human MDR1 expressed in mouse B16/F10 cells assessed as increase in doxorubicin accumulation by fluorimetry	[PMID: 9461658]
BHK-21	IC₅₀	10.6 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against hamster BHK21 cells expressing MRP1 after 96 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against hamster BHK21 cells expressing MRP1 after 96 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 20691599]
BHK-21	IC₅₀	≥100 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against hamster BHK21 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against hamster BHK21 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 20691599]
Breast cancer cell line	EC₅₀	1.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	Concentration that reduces difference in reversal of [3H]VBL accumulation between MDA-435/LCC6 and MDA-435/LCC6-MDRI cells by 50% Concentration that reduces difference in reversal of [3H]VBL accumulation between MDA-435/LCC6 and MDA-435/LCC6-MDRI cells by 50%	[PMID: 11784143]
Breast cancer cell line	EC₅₀	2.4 μM Compound: Verapamil	Concentration that reduces the difference in reversal of DOX accumulation between MDA-435/LCC6 and MDA-435/LCC6-MDRI cells by 50%. Concentration that reduces the difference in reversal of DOX accumulation between MDA-435/LCC6 and MDA-435/LCC6-MDRI cells by 50%.	[PMID: 11784143]
Caco-2	IC₅₀	2.1 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin transepithelial transport (basal to apical) (Digoxin: 5 uM) in Caco-2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin transepithelial transport (basal to apical) (Digoxin: 5 uM) in Caco-2 cells	[PMID: 10820137]
Caco-2	IC₅₀	8.44 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport of fexofenadine in Caco-2 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport of fexofenadine in Caco-2 cells	[PMID: 15359574]
Caco-2	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of Pgp measured as inhibition of [3H]vinblastine basolateral to apical transport in Caco-2 cells Inhibition of Pgp measured as inhibition of [3H]vinblastine basolateral to apical transport in Caco-2 cells	[PMID: 17064079]
Caco-2	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of human Pgp mediated [3H]vinblastine transport in human Caco-2 cells Inhibition of human Pgp mediated [3H]vinblastine transport in human Caco-2 cells	[PMID: 17936633]
Caco-2	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of human P-glycoprotein mediated [3H]vinblastine transport in human Caco-2 cells Inhibition of human P-glycoprotein mediated [3H]vinblastine transport in human Caco-2 cells	[PMID: 18257545]
Caco-2	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of human P-gp mediated [3H]vinblastine transport activity in human Caco-2 cells Inhibition of human P-gp mediated [3H]vinblastine transport activity in human Caco-2 cells	[PMID: 18276145]
Caco-2	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated [3H]vinblastine transport in human Caco-2 cells Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated [3H]vinblastine transport in human Caco-2 cells	[PMID: 18524592]
Cancer cell lines	IC₅₀	63.4 μM Compound: Verapamil	Growth inhibitory activity on MDA-435/LCC6-MDRI (Pgp-negative) human breast cancer cells. Growth inhibitory activity on MDA-435/LCC6-MDRI (Pgp-negative) human breast cancer cells.	[PMID: 11784143]
Cancer cell lines	IC₅₀	65.8 μM Compound: Verapamil	Growth inhibitory activity on MDA-435/LCC6 (Pgp-positive) human breast cancer cells. Growth inhibitory activity on MDA-435/LCC6 (Pgp-positive) human breast cancer cells.	[PMID: 11784143]
CCRF-CEM	ED₅₀	3400 nM Compound: verapamil	The effective dose was measured against P-glycoprotein expressing CCRF-CEM cells in the presence of 5 uM etoposide The effective dose was measured against P-glycoprotein expressing CCRF-CEM cells in the presence of 5 uM etoposide	[PMID: 7629817]
CCRF-CEM	ED₅₀	45 nM Compound: verapamil	The effective dose was measured against P-glycoprotein expressing CCRF-CEM cells in the presence of 5 uM daunomycin The effective dose was measured against P-glycoprotein expressing CCRF-CEM cells in the presence of 5 uM daunomycin	[PMID: 7629817]
CCRF-CEM	ED₅₀	0.35 μM Compound: Verapamil	Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using MTT assay Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using MTT assay	[PMID: 8941391]
CCRF-CEM	ED₅₀	0.35 μM/L Compound: Verapamil	Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using MTT assay Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using MTT assay	[PMID: 8941391]
CCRF-CEM	ED₅₀	0.54 μM Compound: Verapamil	Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using rhodamine efflux studies. Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using rhodamine efflux studies.	[PMID: 8941391]
CCRF-CEM	ED₅₀	0.54 μM/L Compound: Verapamil	Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using rhodamine efflux studies. Effective dose against CCRF-CEM vcr 100 cells by using rhodamine efflux studies.	[PMID: 8941391]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.12 μM Compound: verapamil	Compound was tested for inhibition of daunomycin efflux in the resistant human T-lymphoblast cell line CEM vcr1000. Compound was tested for inhibition of daunomycin efflux in the resistant human T-lymphoblast cell line CEM vcr1000.	[PMID: 9767638]
CHO	IC₅₀	143 nM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of K+ channel activity in CHO cells expressing HERG Kv11.1 Inhibition of K+ channel activity in CHO cells expressing HERG Kv11.1	[PMID: 12729675]
CHO	IC₅₀	23.5 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of L-type calcium channel measured using 2-electrode voltage-clamp in Chinese hamster ovary cells heterologically expressing alpha-1C subunit Inhibition of L-type calcium channel measured using 2-electrode voltage-clamp in Chinese hamster ovary cells heterologically expressing alpha-1C subunit	[PMID: 22761000]
CHO	IC₅₀	0.2 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of Cav1.2 current measured using QPatch automatic path clamp system in CHO cells expressing Cav1.2, beta-2 and alpha-2/delta-1 subunits Inhibition of Cav1.2 current measured using QPatch automatic path clamp system in CHO cells expressing Cav1.2, beta-2 and alpha-2/delta-1 subunits	[PMID: 23812503]
CHO	IC₅₀	0.53 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of human ERG expressed in CHO cells at holding potential of -90 mV by patch clamp method Inhibition of human ERG expressed in CHO cells at holding potential of -90 mV by patch clamp method	[PMID: 28797771]
CHO	IC₅₀	0.56 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against CHO cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against CHO cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 30429978]
ECa-109 cell line	IC₅₀	679 nM Compound: VRP	Reversal of VCR -resistance in human Eca-109 cells assessed as cell viability at 5 uM incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 method (Rvb = 6830.0+/-537.0 nM) Reversal of VCR -resistance in human Eca-109 cells assessed as cell viability at 5 uM incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 method (Rvb = 6830.0+/-537.0 nM)	[PMID: 36892076]
ECa-109 cell line	IC₅₀	679 nM Compound: VRP	Reversal of VCR -resistance in human Eca-109 cells assessed as vincristine IC50 by measuring cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 method (Rvb = 6830.0+/-537.0 nM) Reversal of VCR -resistance in human Eca-109 cells assessed as vincristine IC50 by measuring cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 method (Rvb = 6830.0+/-537.0 nM)	[PMID: 36892076]
EMT6	IC₅₀	5800 nM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal effect on the accumulation of [3H]- daunorubicin in mouse mammary carcinoma cell line EMT6/AR 1.0 Reversal effect on the accumulation of [3H]- daunorubicin in mouse mammary carcinoma cell line EMT6/AR 1.0	[PMID: 10098671]
Flp-In-293	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against Flp-In-293 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against Flp-In-293 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32569926]
Flp-In-293	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against Flp-In-293 cells expressing human ABCB1 assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against Flp-In-293 cells expressing human ABCB1 assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32569926]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	0.004 μM Compound: Verapamil	Effect on vinblastine IC50 against MDR human carcinoma HCT116/VM46 cell line at a dose of 1 uM concentration Effect on vinblastine IC50 against MDR human carcinoma HCT116/VM46 cell line at a dose of 1 uM concentration	[PMID: 12729663]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	0.02 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibitory concentration of vinblastine against the MDR resistant cell line HCT116/VM46 in the presence of 1 mM of the compound Inhibitory concentration of vinblastine against the MDR resistant cell line HCT116/VM46 in the presence of 1 mM of the compound	[PMID: 12729663]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	0.13 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibitory concentration of doxorubicin against the MDR resistant cell line HCT116/VM46 in the presence of 1 mM of the compound Inhibitory concentration of doxorubicin against the MDR resistant cell line HCT116/VM46 in the presence of 1 mM of the compound	[PMID: 12729663]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	0.02 μM Compound: Verapamil	inhibitory activity of compound against Multidrug resistant HCT116/VM46 cell line treated with Vinblastine inhibitory activity of compound against Multidrug resistant HCT116/VM46 cell line treated with Vinblastine	[PMID: 15546712]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	0.5 μM Compound: Verapamil	inhibitory activity of compound against Multidrug resistance HCT116/VM46 cell line treated with Doxorubicin inhibitory activity of compound against Multidrug resistance HCT116/VM46 cell line treated with Doxorubicin	[PMID: 15546712]
HEK293	IC₅₀	6.8 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells by confocal microscopy Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells by confocal microscopy	[PMID: 18788725]
HEK293	IC₅₀	41500 nM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of sodium current measured using whole-cell patch clamp experiments in HEK-293 cells stably transfected with hNaV1.5 cDNA Inhibition of sodium current measured using whole-cell patch clamp experiments in HEK-293 cells stably transfected with hNaV1.5 cDNA	[PMID: 21300721]
HEK293	IC₅₀	>600 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells using estrone-3-sulfate substrate Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells using estrone-3-sulfate substrate	[PMID: 22587986]
HEK293	IC₅₀	32 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells using estradiol-17beta-glucuronide substrate Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells using estradiol-17beta-glucuronide substrate	[PMID: 22587986]
HEK293	IC₅₀	64 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells using pitavastatin substrate Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells using pitavastatin substrate	[PMID: 22587986]
HEK293	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human Flp-In-293 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human Flp-In-293 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by SRB assay	[PMID: 27810590]
HEK293	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human Flp-In-293 cells expressing MDR1 assessed as reduction in cell viability by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human Flp-In-293 cells expressing MDR1 assessed as reduction in cell viability by SRB assay	[PMID: 27810590]
HEK293	IC₅₀	101.26 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29407947]
HEK293	CC₅₀	280 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 30108738]
HEK293	IC₅₀	1.62 nM Compound: VPM	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells assessed as paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM pre-incubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb =1.93 +/- 0.06 nM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells assessed as paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM pre-incubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb =1.93 +/- 0.06 nM)	[PMID: 33280384]
HEK293	IC₅₀	1.62 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human HEK293/pcDNA3.1 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 1.93 +/- 0.06 nM Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human HEK293/pcDNA3.1 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 1.93 +/- 0.06 nM	[PMID: 34723530]
HEK293	IC₅₀	10.37 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human HEK293/ABCB1 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 91.40 +/- 23.32 nM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human HEK293/ABCB1 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 91.40 +/- 23.32 nM)	[PMID: 34723530]
HEK-293T	IC₅₀	32.04 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human HEK293T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HEK293T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36242992]
HeLa	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32569926]
HeLa	IC₅₀	1.7 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein 1 in human HeLa cells assessed as intracellular accumulation of Hoechst 33342 dye after 30 mins by fluorescence microscopic analysis Inhibition of P-glycoprotein 1 in human HeLa cells assessed as intracellular accumulation of Hoechst 33342 dye after 30 mins by fluorescence microscopic analysis	10.1039/C2MD20286G
HeLa S3	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human HeLaS3 assessed as reduction in cell viability by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLaS3 assessed as reduction in cell viability by SRB assay	[PMID: 27810590]
HepG2	IC₅₀	138.42 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against adriamycin-resistant human HepG2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against adriamycin-resistant human HepG2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27328029]
HepG2	IC₅₀	65.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity in human HepG2 cells assessed as number of live cells by measuring ATP metabolism incubated for 48 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay Cytotoxicity in human HepG2 cells assessed as number of live cells by measuring ATP metabolism incubated for 48 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay	[PMID: 36367749]
HK-2	IC₅₀	53.35 μM Compound: Vrp	Cytotoxicity against human HK-2 cells assessed as cell survival measured after 72 hrs incubation by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HK-2 cells assessed as cell survival measured after 72 hrs incubation by MTT assay	[PMID: 38704938]
HL-60	EC₅₀	1.8 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Effective concentration against HL-60/ADR cells using MRP-mediated MDR assay using 2 nM vincristine which results in 50% of the cells being killed in the presence of particular cytotoxic drug. Effective concentration against HL-60/ADR cells using MRP-mediated MDR assay using 2 nM vincristine which results in 50% of the cells being killed in the presence of particular cytotoxic drug.	[PMID: 9526572]
HUVEC	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Vrp	Cytotoxicity against HUVEC cells assessed as cell survival measured after 72 hrs incubation by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HUVEC cells assessed as cell survival measured after 72 hrs incubation by MTT assay	[PMID: 38704938]
K562	IC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of Pgp-mediated multidrug resistance in doxorubicin-resistant human K562 cells assessed as drug level required for 50% increase in nuclear concentration of pirarubicin by fluorescence assay Inhibition of Pgp-mediated multidrug resistance in doxorubicin-resistant human K562 cells assessed as drug level required for 50% increase in nuclear concentration of pirarubicin by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 21145739]
K562	IC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein in human doxorubicin-resistant K562 cells assessed as half maximal increase of pirarubicin accumulation by spectrofluorometric analysis Inhibition of P-glycoprotein in human doxorubicin-resistant K562 cells assessed as half maximal increase of pirarubicin accumulation by spectrofluorometric analysis	[PMID: 23245571]
K562	IC₅₀	0.029 μM Compound: Verapamil	Modulatory activity at P-gp assessed as doxorubicin IC50 in human K562 cells at 3 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb doxorubicin alone IC50 = 0.023 +/- 0.004 uM) Modulatory activity at P-gp assessed as doxorubicin IC50 in human K562 cells at 3 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb doxorubicin alone IC50 = 0.023 +/- 0.004 uM)	[PMID: 25282263]
K562	IC₅₀	65.28 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27073052]
K562	IC₅₀	36.7 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28301155]
K562	IC₅₀	65.28 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28645831]
K562	IC₅₀	82.2 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29631786]
K562	IC₅₀	68.27 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 31202598]
K562	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33938746]
K562	IC₅₀	68.92 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35247755]
K562	IC₅₀	4.3 nM Compound: VPL	Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human K562 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 5.9+/-0.2 nM) Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human K562 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 5.9+/-0.2 nM)	[PMID: 36728755]
K562	IC₅₀	37 μM Compound: verapamil	Ability to potentiate DOX cytotoxicity on K562/DOX MDR cells. Cell survival was assayed by MTT conversion Ability to potentiate DOX cytotoxicity on K562/DOX MDR cells. Cell survival was assayed by MTT conversion	[PMID: 9986718]
K562/A02	IC₅₀	56.24 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27073052]
K562/A02	IC₅₀	31.28 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells overexpressing P-gp after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells overexpressing P-gp after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28301155]
K562/A02	IC₅₀	56.24 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28645831]
K562/A02	IC₅₀	67.2 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells overexpressing P-gp assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells overexpressing P-gp assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29631786]
K562/A02	IC₅₀	59.24 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells overexpressing P-gp assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells overexpressing P-gp assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 31202598]
K562/A02	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against P-gp overexpressing human K562/A02 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against P-gp overexpressing human K562/A02 cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33938746]
K562/A02	IC₅₀	39.86 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human K562/A02 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35247755]
K562/Adr	IC₅₀	0.74 μM Compound: Verapamil	Modulatory activity at P-gp assessed as doxorubicin IC50 in human K562/DOX cells at 3 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb doxorubicin alone IC50 = 2.00 +/- 0.24 uM) Modulatory activity at P-gp assessed as doxorubicin IC50 in human K562/DOX cells at 3 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb doxorubicin alone IC50 = 2.00 +/- 0.24 uM)	[PMID: 25282263]
K562/Adr	IC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: Verapamil	Modulatory activity at P-gp in human K562/DOX cells assessed as increase in nuclear concentration of pirarubicin by spectrofluorometric assay Modulatory activity at P-gp in human K562/DOX cells assessed as increase in nuclear concentration of pirarubicin by spectrofluorometric assay	[PMID: 25282263]
K562/Adr	IC₅₀	446.3 nM Compound: VPL	Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human K562/Adr cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 7320.6+/-2115.2 nM) Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human K562/Adr cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 7320.6+/-2115.2 nM)	[PMID: 36728755]
K562/R7	IC₅₀	0.6 μM Compound: verapamil	Potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity against doxorubicin-resistant human K562/R7 cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 at 1 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay Potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity against doxorubicin-resistant human K562/R7 cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 at 1 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25634041]
KB	IC₅₀	19.6 μM Compound: VRM (verapamil)	Inhibitory activity against KB cell line after 72 h of drug exposure Inhibitory activity against KB cell line after 72 h of drug exposure	[PMID: 15481991]
KB	IC₅₀	>25 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human vincristine-sensitive KB cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human vincristine-sensitive KB cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26717050]
KB	IC₅₀	4.4 nM Compound: VPL	Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human KB cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 7.4+/-2.2 nM) Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human KB cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 7.4+/-2.2 nM)	[PMID: 36728755]
KB 3-1	IC₅₀	20.5 μg/mL Compound: verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human KB31 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human KB31 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 10217732]
KB 3-1	IC₅₀	45.2 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human KB31 cells after 48 hrs by SRB method Cytotoxicity against human KB31 cells after 48 hrs by SRB method	[PMID: 10346948]
KB 3-1	EC₅₀	14 μM Compound: VRM (verapamil)	Concentration that causes 50% of maximum vinblastine accumulation in KB/MDR cells in 1 h Concentration that causes 50% of maximum vinblastine accumulation in KB/MDR cells in 1 h	[PMID: 15481991]
KB 3-1	IC₅₀	51.7 μM Compound: VRM (verapamil)	Inhibitory activity against KB/MDR cell line after 72 hr of drug exposure Inhibitory activity against KB/MDR cell line after 72 hr of drug exposure	[PMID: 15481991]
KB 3-1	IC₅₀	0.0047 μM Compound: verapamil	Reversal of P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance to Cytotoxicity of colchicine against human KB-3-1 cells at 5 uM after 68 hrs by MTT assay Reversal of P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance to Cytotoxicity of colchicine against human KB-3-1 cells at 5 uM after 68 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 17488128]
KB 3-1	IC₅₀	3.84 nM Compound: VPM	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human KB 3-1 cells assessed as paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM pre-incubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.54 +/- 1.59 nM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human KB 3-1 cells assessed as paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM pre-incubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.54 +/- 1.59 nM)	[PMID: 33280384]
KB 3-1	IC₅₀	3.84 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human KB 3-1 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.54 +/- 1.59 nM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human KB 3-1 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.54 +/- 1.59 nM)	[PMID: 34723530]
KB/VJ300	IC₅₀	>25 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human KB/VJ300 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human KB/VJ300 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26717050]
KB/VJ300	IC₅₀	10.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human KB/VJ300 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay in presence of 0.121 uM vincristine Cytotoxicity against human KB/VJ300 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay in presence of 0.121 uM vincristine	[PMID: 26717050]
KB/VJ300	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: Verapamil	Growth inhibition of human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26918761]
KB/VJ300	IC₅₀	4.6 μM Compound: Verapamil	Growth inhibition of human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs in presence of vincristine by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs in presence of vincristine by MTT assay	[PMID: 26918761]
KB/VJ300	IC₅₀	0.1 μM Compound: Verapamil	Growth inhibition of human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs in presence of 0.1 uM of vincristine by MTT assay Growth inhibition of human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs in presence of 0.1 uM of vincristine by MTT assay	[PMID: 29746134]
KB/VJ300	IC₅₀	0.8 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs in presence of vincristine by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human KB/VJ300 cells after 72 hrs in presence of vincristine by MTT assay	[PMID: 30869890]
KB/VJ300	IC₅₀	0.4 μM Compound: Verapamil	Antiproliferative activity against human vincristine-rsistant KB/VJ300 cells assessed as reduction in cell growth after 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human vincristine-rsistant KB/VJ300 cells assessed as reduction in cell growth after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 31642315]
KB-C2	IC₅₀	7.05 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human KB-C2 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 1886.37 +/- 243.05 nM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human KB-C2 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 1886.37 +/- 243.05 nM)	[PMID: 34723530]
KB-V1	IC₅₀	0.69 μg/mL Compound: verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay in presence of vinblastine Cytotoxicity against human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay in presence of vinblastine	[PMID: 10217732]
KB-V1	IC₅₀	15.3 μg/mL Compound: verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 10217732]
KB-V1	IC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against vinblastine resistant human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs in presence of 100 nM vinblastine by SRB method Cytotoxicity against vinblastine resistant human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs in presence of 100 nM vinblastine by SRB method	[PMID: 10346948]
KB-V1	IC₅₀	39.2 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against vinblastine resistant human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs by SRB method Cytotoxicity against vinblastine resistant human KBV1 cells after 48 hrs by SRB method	[PMID: 10346948]
L5178Y	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: VP	Cytotoxicity against mouse L5178Y cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L5178Y cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27156771]
L5178Y	IC₅₀	47.85 μM Compound: VP	Cytotoxicity against multi-drug resistant mouse L5178Y cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against multi-drug resistant mouse L5178Y cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27156771]
L5178Y	IC₅₀	>100 nM Compound: VER	Cytotoxicity against mouse L5178Y cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L5178Y cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay	[PMID: 32871268]
L5178Y	IC₅₀	47.85 nM Compound: VER	Cytotoxicity against multidrug resistance mouse L5178Y cells expressing human MDR1 assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against multidrug resistance mouse L5178Y cells expressing human MDR1 assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay	[PMID: 32871268]
L929	IC₅₀	89.2 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells after 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells after 72 hrs	[PMID: 22320402]
L929	IC₅₀	8 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of Kv1.3 expressed in mouse L929 cells exposed to depolarizing step pulses from -80 mV to +40 mV by whole cell patch clamp method Inhibition of Kv1.3 expressed in mouse L929 cells exposed to depolarizing step pulses from -80 mV to +40 mV by whole cell patch clamp method	[PMID: 23084278]
L929	IC₅₀	89.2 μM Compound: verapamil	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 24171478]
L929	IC₅₀	89.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells after 3 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells after 3 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 25985195]
L929	IC₅₀	89 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as cell survival after 3 days by MTS/PMS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as cell survival after 3 days by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 26233798]
L929	IC₅₀	89 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells measured after 3 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells measured after 3 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 27750197]
L929	IC₅₀	88 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as reduction in cell survival after 5 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as reduction in cell survival after 5 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 30351934]
L929	IC₅₀	89.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 34597896]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	224 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin transepithelial transport (basal to apical) (Digoxin: 0.1 uM) in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Digoxin transepithelial transport (basal to apical) (Digoxin: 0.1 uM) in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	[PMID: 10997946]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	10 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1a expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1a expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	10 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1a-expressing LLC-PK1 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1a-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	2 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1b expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1b expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	2 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1b-expressing LLC-PK1 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1b-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, human L-MDR1 expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, human L-MDR1 expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	[PMID: 12699389]
Macrophage cell line	CC₅₀	116.6 μM Compound: VP	Cytotoxicity in human monocyte-derived macrophages assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 3 days by alamar blue dye based assay Cytotoxicity in human monocyte-derived macrophages assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 3 days by alamar blue dye based assay	[PMID: 28964936]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>51 μM Compound: verapamil	Cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells at 10 ug/mL Cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells at 10 ug/mL	[PMID: 11170649]
MCF7	IC₅₀	48.91 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29407947]
MCF7	IC₅₀	1.5 μM Compound: Verapamil	Potentiation of adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity in human MCF7 cells assessed as adriamycin IC50 at 10 ug/ml after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 1.3 +/- 0.2 uM) Potentiation of adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity in human MCF7 cells assessed as adriamycin IC50 at 10 ug/ml after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 1.3 +/- 0.2 uM)	[PMID: 30137985]
MCF7	IC₅₀	87.83 μM Compound: Verapamil	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36242992]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: VRP	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 39151276]
MCF7	IC₅₀	1.02 nM Compound: VRP	Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 5 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 2.60 +/- 0.36 nM) Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 5 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 2.60 +/- 0.36 nM)	[PMID: 39151276]
MCF7	IC₅₀	2.68 nM Compound: VRP	Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 10 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 2.60 +/- 0.36 nM) Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 10 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 2.60 +/- 0.36 nM)	[PMID: 39151276]
MCF7	EC₅₀	1 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Effective concentration against MCF-7/ADR cells using P-gp-mediated MDR assay using 25 nM actinomycin D which results in 50% of the cells being killed in the presence of particular cytotoxic drug. Effective concentration against MCF-7/ADR cells using P-gp-mediated MDR assay using 25 nM actinomycin D which results in 50% of the cells being killed in the presence of particular cytotoxic drug.	[PMID: 9526572]
MDA-MB-435	EC₅₀	0.7 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in multidrug resistant MDA435/LCC6 cells by MTS assay Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in multidrug resistant MDA435/LCC6 cells by MTS assay	[PMID: 17154505]
MDA-MB-435	IC₅₀	0.25 nM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of vinblastine resistance in multidrug resistant MDA435/LCC6 cells by MTS assay Reversal of vinblastine resistance in multidrug resistant MDA435/LCC6 cells by MTS assay	[PMID: 17154505]
MDA-MB-435	IC₅₀	5.2 nM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in multidrug resistant MDA435/LCC6 cells by MTS assay Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in multidrug resistant MDA435/LCC6 cells by MTS assay	[PMID: 17154505]
MDCK	IC₅₀	9.8 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of MDR1 expressed in MDCK cells using rhodamine 123 staining by flow cytometry Inhibition of MDR1 expressed in MDCK cells using rhodamine 123 staining by flow cytometry	[PMID: 21354800]
MDCK	IC₅₀	0.5 μM Compound: Ver	Inhibition of human MDR1 expressed in MDCK cells assessed as calcein AM accumulation after 30 mins by fluorescence assay Inhibition of human MDR1 expressed in MDCK cells assessed as calcein AM accumulation after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 22112208]
MDCK	IC₅₀	6.8 μM Compound: Ver	Inhibition of MRP1 expressed in MDCK cells assessed as calcein AM accumulation after 30 mins by fluorescence assay Inhibition of MRP1 expressed in MDCK cells assessed as calcein AM accumulation after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 22112208]
MDCK	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as reduction of calcein-AM transport after 30 mins by fluorescence assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as reduction of calcein-AM transport after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 24607999]
MDCK	IC₅₀	3.5 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells after 30 mins by Calcein-AM assay Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells after 30 mins by Calcein-AM assay	[PMID: 25093931]
MDCK	IC₅₀	1.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of MDR1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in calcein-AM efflux preincubated for 30 mins followed by calcein-AM addition measured after 30 mins by spectrofluorimetric method Inhibition of MDR1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in calcein-AM efflux preincubated for 30 mins followed by calcein-AM addition measured after 30 mins by spectrofluorimetric method	[PMID: 30384046]
MDCK	IC₅₀	4.5 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in calcein-AM efflux preincubated for 30 mins followed by calcein-AM addition measured after 30 mins by spectrofluorimetric method Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in calcein-AM efflux preincubated for 30 mins followed by calcein-AM addition measured after 30 mins by spectrofluorimetric method	[PMID: 30384046]
MDCK	EC₅₀	0.9 μM Compound: Ver	Inhibition of BCRP (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as increase in Hoechst 33342 accumulation incubated for 30 mins by Hoechst 33342 dye based fluorescence assay Inhibition of BCRP (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as increase in Hoechst 33342 accumulation incubated for 30 mins by Hoechst 33342 dye based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 31494468]
MDCK	EC₅₀	6.8 μM Compound: Ver	Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as increase in calcein-AM accumulation incubated for 30 mins by calcein-AM dye based fluorescence assay Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK cells assessed as increase in calcein-AM accumulation incubated for 30 mins by calcein-AM dye based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 31494468]
MDCK-II	IC₅₀	>200 μM Compound: verapamil	Inhibition of human MRP2 expressed in dog MDCK2 cells Inhibition of human MRP2 expressed in dog MDCK2 cells	[PMID: 18707884]
MDCK-II	EC₅₀	5.1 μM Compound: VER	Enhancement of calcein-AM uptake in MDCK2 cells over expressing MDR1 after 20 mins Enhancement of calcein-AM uptake in MDCK2 cells over expressing MDR1 after 20 mins	[PMID: 18849167]
MDCK-II	EC₅₀	5.1 x 10^-6 M Compound: VER	Enhancement of calcein-AM uptake in MDCK2 cells over expressing MDR1 after 20 mins Enhancement of calcein-AM uptake in MDCK2 cells over expressing MDR1 after 20 mins	[PMID: 18849167]
MDCK-II	IC₅₀	14 μM Compound: VER	Inhibition of human MDR1 expressed in MDCK2 cells assessed as enhancement of Calcein-AM uptake treated 30 mins before Calcein-AM challenge measured after 20 mins Inhibition of human MDR1 expressed in MDCK2 cells assessed as enhancement of Calcein-AM uptake treated 30 mins before Calcein-AM challenge measured after 20 mins	[PMID: 19402665]
MDCK-II	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against BCRP-overexpressing MDCK-II cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against BCRP-overexpressing MDCK-II cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33938746]
MDCK-II	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against MDCK-II cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK-II cells incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33938746]
MDCK-MDR1	EC₅₀	0.5 μM Compound: Ver	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein (unknown origin) in MDCK-MDR1 assessed as inhibtion of calcein-AM transport incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein (unknown origin) in MDCK-MDR1 assessed as inhibtion of calcein-AM transport incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 30947123]
MDCK-MDR1	EC₅₀	6.8 μM Compound: Ver	Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) in MDCK-MDR1 assessed as inhibtion of calcein-AM transport incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence assay Inhibition of MRP1 (unknown origin) in MDCK-MDR1 assessed as inhibtion of calcein-AM transport incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 30947123]
MDCK-MDR1	EC₅₀	0.5 μM Compound: Ver	Inhibition of P-gp (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK-MDR1 cells assessed as increase in calcein-AM accumulation incubated for 30 mins by calcein-AM dye based fluorescence assay Inhibition of P-gp (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK-MDR1 cells assessed as increase in calcein-AM accumulation incubated for 30 mins by calcein-AM dye based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 31494468]
MES-SA	EC₅₀	37.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	Modulation of BCRP1 mediated drug efflux in mitoxantrone-resistant human MES-SA cells assessed as accumulation of hoechst 33342 incubated for 15 mins prior to rhodamine-123 addition measured after 90 mins by fluorescence analysis Modulation of BCRP1 mediated drug efflux in mitoxantrone-resistant human MES-SA cells assessed as accumulation of hoechst 33342 incubated for 15 mins prior to rhodamine-123 addition measured after 90 mins by fluorescence analysis	[PMID: 25311564]
MES-SA	EC₅₀	7.1 μM Compound: Verapamil	Modulation of P-gp mediated drug efflux in human MES-SA cells assessed as accumulation of rhodamine-123 incubated for 15 mins prior to rhodamine-123 addition measured after 1 hr by fluorescence analysis Modulation of P-gp mediated drug efflux in human MES-SA cells assessed as accumulation of rhodamine-123 incubated for 15 mins prior to rhodamine-123 addition measured after 1 hr by fluorescence analysis	[PMID: 25311564]
MES-SA/Dx5	ED₅₀	2.5 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MES-SA/DX5 cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of taxol Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MES-SA/DX5 cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of taxol	[PMID: 11128632]
MES-SA/Dx5	ED₅₀	3 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MES-SA/DX5 cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of doxorubicin Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MES-SA/DX5 cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of doxorubicin	[PMID: 11128632]
MES-SA/Dx5	IC₅₀	4.78 μM Compound: Verapamil (racemic)	TP_TRANSPORTER: drug resistance (paclitaxel) in MES-SA/DX5 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: drug resistance (paclitaxel) in MES-SA/DX5 cells	[PMID: 12569305]
MES-SA/Dx5	GI₅₀	>20 μM Compound: Verapamil	Intrinsic cytotoxicity against human MES-SA/Dx5 cells Intrinsic cytotoxicity against human MES-SA/Dx5 cells	[PMID: 19679475]
NCI/ADR-RES	ED₅₀	0.251 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MCF-7/ADR* cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of vinblastine Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MCF-7/ADR* cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of vinblastine	[PMID: 11128632]
NCI/ADR-RES	ED₅₀	2.5 μg/mL Compound: Verapamil	Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MCF-7/ADR* cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of Taxol Compound (1 uM) was evaluated for the inhibition of cell growth in MCF-7/ADR* cell line (over expresses Pgp and is for Doxorubicin resistant) in the presence of Taxol	[PMID: 11128632]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7/ADR cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7/ADR cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 19523827]
NCI/ADR-RES	EC₅₀	4.89 μM Compound: VRP	Inhibition of P-gp in human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as reversal of multidrug resistance at 10 uM by measuring EC50 for adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity after 48 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay Inhibition of P-gp in human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as reversal of multidrug resistance at 10 uM by measuring EC50 for adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity after 48 hrs by SRB colorimetric assay	[PMID: 25856545]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	>150 μM Compound: VRP	Intrinsic cytotoxicity against human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by MTT assay Intrinsic cytotoxicity against human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27328029]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	78.08 μM Compound: VRP	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7/ADR cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7/ADR cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 29407947]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	2.25 μM Compound: VRP	Potentiation of adriamycin-induced antiproliferative activity against human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as adriamycin IC50 at 5 uM measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 89.14 +/- 4.89 uM) Potentiation of adriamycin-induced antiproliferative activity against human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as adriamycin IC50 at 5 uM measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 89.14 +/- 4.89 uM)	[PMID: 30837097]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	2.83 μM Compound: VRP	Reversal of multidrug resistant activity in human MCF7/ADR cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Reversal of multidrug resistant activity in human MCF7/ADR cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35339100]
NCI/ADR-RES	EC₅₀	321.83 nM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in human NCI-ADR-RES cells assessed as potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Reversal of P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in human NCI-ADR-RES cells assessed as potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36242992]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Verapamil	Antiproliferative activity against human multidrug resistant NCI-ADR-RES cells overexpressing P-gp assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human multidrug resistant NCI-ADR-RES cells overexpressing P-gp assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36242992]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	2.24 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in human NCI-ADR-RES cells assessed as potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity by measuring doxorubicin IC50 at 10 uM incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Reversal of P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in human NCI-ADR-RES cells assessed as potentiation of doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity by measuring doxorubicin IC50 at 10 uM incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36242992]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	1.434 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against DOX-resistant human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 incubated for 48 hrs in presence of doxorubicin by CCK8 assay Cytotoxicity against DOX-resistant human MCF7/ADR cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 incubated for 48 hrs in presence of doxorubicin by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 36645980]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	288.6 nM Compound: VPL	Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human NCI/ADR-RES cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 6125.7+/-3267.7 nM) Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human NCI/ADR-RES cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 6125.7+/-3267.7 nM)	[PMID: 36728755]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	4.25 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7ADR cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 at 5 uM incubated for 48 hrs by CCK8 assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7ADR cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 at 5 uM incubated for 48 hrs by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 37229830]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	1.011 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of P-gp mediated multidrug resistance in doxorubicin-resistant human MCF-7/ADR cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay (Rvb = 12.66 +/- 1.45 microM) Reversal of P-gp mediated multidrug resistance in doxorubicin-resistant human MCF-7/ADR cells assessed as doxorubicin IC50 incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 assay (Rvb = 12.66 +/- 1.45 microM)	[PMID: 38364715]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: VRP	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7ADR cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7ADR cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 39151276]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	0.17 μM Compound: VRP	Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7ADR cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 5 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 6.68 +/- 0.35 microM) Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7ADR cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 5 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 6.68 +/- 0.35 microM)	[PMID: 39151276]
NCI/ADR-RES	IC₅₀	69.51 nM Compound: VRP	Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7ADR cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 10 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 6.68 +/- 0.35 microM) Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human MCF7ADR cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 10 uM pretreated with compound for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 6.68 +/- 0.35 microM)	[PMID: 39151276]
NCI-H292	IC₅₀	0.18 μM Compound: Verapamil	Potentiation of gefitinib-induced cytotoxicity against human NCI-H292 cells assessed as gefitinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay Potentiation of gefitinib-induced cytotoxicity against human NCI-H292 cells assessed as gefitinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 25215856]
NCI-H292	IC₅₀	1.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	Potentiation of erlotinib-induced cytotoxicity against human NCI-H292 cells assessed as erlotinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay Potentiation of erlotinib-induced cytotoxicity against human NCI-H292 cells assessed as erlotinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 25215856]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	10.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	Potentiation of erlotinib-induced cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as erlotinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay Potentiation of erlotinib-induced cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as erlotinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 25215856]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	19.6 μM Compound: Verapamil	Potentiation of gefitinib-induced cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as gefitinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay Potentiation of gefitinib-induced cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as gefitinib IC50 at 50 uM after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 25215856]
NCI-H69	EC₅₀	27.8 μM Compound: Verapamil	Modulation of MRP1 mediated drug efflux in doxorubicin-resistant human H69 cells assessed as accumulation of calcein AM incubated for 15 mins prior to calcein AM addition measured after 30 mins by fluorescence analysis Modulation of MRP1 mediated drug efflux in doxorubicin-resistant human H69 cells assessed as accumulation of calcein AM incubated for 15 mins prior to calcein AM addition measured after 30 mins by fluorescence analysis	[PMID: 25311564]
NIH3T3	CC₅₀	>60 μM Compound: VRP	Intrinsic cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells transfected with human MDR1 by MTT assay Intrinsic cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells transfected with human MDR1 by MTT assay	[PMID: 26836364]
NIH3T3	CC₅₀	27 μM Compound: VRP	Intrinsic cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells by MTT assay Intrinsic cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 26836364]
NIH-3T3-G185	IC₅₀	28.9 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells	[PMID: 11716514]
NIH-3T3-G185	IC₅₀	38.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Tetramethylrosamine efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Tetramethylrosamine efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells	[PMID: 11716514]
NIH-3T3-G185	IC₅₀	4.2 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Daunorubicin efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Daunorubicin efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells	[PMID: 11716514]
NIH-3T3-G185	IC₅₀	4.7 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of LDS-751 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of LDS-751 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells	[PMID: 11716514]
NIH-3T3-G185	IC₅₀	42 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of JC-1 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of JC-1 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells	[PMID: 11716514]
NIH-3T3-G185	IC₅₀	446.5 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Fluo-3-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Fluo-3-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells	[PMID: 11716514]
NIH-3T3-G185	IC₅₀	6.5 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Rhodamine 123 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Rhodamine 123 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells	[PMID: 11716514]
Oocyte	IC₅₀	30 μM Compound: 2	Inhibition of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum D10 CRT expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as [3H]-chloroquine uptake after 1 to 2 hrs Inhibition of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum D10 CRT expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as [3H]-chloroquine uptake after 1 to 2 hrs	[PMID: 21396749]
Oocyte	IC₅₀	30 μM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 CRT expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as reduction in [3H]-chloroquine uptake after 1.5 to 2 hrs Inhibition of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 CRT expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as reduction in [3H]-chloroquine uptake after 1.5 to 2 hrs	[PMID: 23145816]
OVCAR-8	IC₅₀	8.5 nM Compound: VPL	Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human OVCAR-8 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 16.2+/-4.7 nM) Reversal of vinorelbine resistance in human OVCAR-8 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs in presence of vinorelbine (Rvb = 16.2+/-4.7 nM)	[PMID: 36728755]
P388	IC₅₀	3.1 μM Compound: Verapamil	Multidrug-resistant reversal activity using P388/VMDRC.04 cells (a subline of P388 murine leukemia cells expressing human recombinant human P-glycoprotein) in the presence of 10 nM vincristine Multidrug-resistant reversal activity using P388/VMDRC.04 cells (a subline of P388 murine leukemia cells expressing human recombinant human P-glycoprotein) in the presence of 10 nM vincristine	[PMID: 10386932]
P388	IC₅₀	53 μM Compound: Verapamil	Evaluated for cytotoxicity using P388/VMDRC.04 cells (a subline of P388 murine leukemia cells expressing human recombinant human P-glycoprotein) in the absence of 10 nM vincristine Evaluated for cytotoxicity using P388/VMDRC.04 cells (a subline of P388 murine leukemia cells expressing human recombinant human P-glycoprotein) in the absence of 10 nM vincristine	[PMID: 10386932]
PBMC	IC₅₀	116.6 μM Compound: VP	Cytotoxicity against human PBMC assessed as cell viability after 3 days by AlamarBlue assay Cytotoxicity against human PBMC assessed as cell viability after 3 days by AlamarBlue assay	[PMID: 26197353]
S1B1-20	IC₅₀	17.27 μM Compound: verapamil	In vitro concentration required to inhibit tumor activity on subclone of human colon carcinoma cells (S1-B1-20) resistant to bisantrene In vitro concentration required to inhibit tumor activity on subclone of human colon carcinoma cells (S1-B1-20) resistant to bisantrene	[PMID: 10377220]
Sf9	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Verapamil	TP_TRANSPORTER: efflux of Hoechst33342 in BCRP-expressing Sf9 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: efflux of Hoechst33342 in BCRP-expressing Sf9 cells	[PMID: 15155841]
Splenocyte	IC₅₀	55 μM Compound: Verapamil	Cytotoxicity against C57BL/6J mouse splenocytes after 72 hrs by alamar blue assay Cytotoxicity against C57BL/6J mouse splenocytes after 72 hrs by alamar blue assay	[PMID: 17846138]
SW-620	IC₅₀	7.11 μM Compound: VPM	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity against human SW620 cells by measuring paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM pre-incubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 7.69 +/- 2.78 nM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity against human SW620 cells by measuring paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM pre-incubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 7.69 +/- 2.78 nM)	[PMID: 33280384]
SW-620	IC₅₀	0.3 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human SW-620/AD300 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.23 +/- 0.50 uM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human SW-620/AD300 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.23 +/- 0.50 uM)	[PMID: 34723530]
SW-620	IC₅₀	7.11 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human SW-620 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 7.69 +/- 2.78 nM) Reversal of resistance to paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human SW-620 cells assessed as reduction in paclitaxel IC50 at 4 uM preincubated for 4 hrs followed by paclitaxel addition and measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 7.69 +/- 2.78 nM)	[PMID: 34723530]
SW-620	IC₅₀	0.142 μM Compound: VRP	Reversal of doxorubicin-induced multidrug resistance in human SW620 cells measured after 48 hrs by CCK-8 method Reversal of doxorubicin-induced multidrug resistance in human SW620 cells measured after 48 hrs by CCK-8 method	[PMID: 38389882]
SW620/AD300	IC₅₀	>30 μM Compound: Verapamil	Antiproliferative activity against human SW620/AD300 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human SW620/AD300 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 31975579]
SW620/AD300	IC₅₀	0.81 μM Compound: Verapamil	Reversal of P-gp mediated multidrug resistance in human SW620/AD300 cells assessed as potentiation of doxorubicin-induced antiproliferative activity by measuring doxorubicin IC50 at 2.5 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.9 microM) Reversal of P-gp mediated multidrug resistance in human SW620/AD300 cells assessed as potentiation of doxorubicin-induced antiproliferative activity by measuring doxorubicin IC50 at 2.5 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay (Rvb = 4.9 microM)	[PMID: 31975579]
SW620/AD300	IC₅₀	2.98 μM Compound: VRP	Reversal of Pgp-mediated DOX resistance in human SW620/AD300 cells assessed as potentiation of DOX-induced cytotoxicity by measuring DOX IC50 at 1 uM incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay (Rvb = 33.39 +/- 7.08 uM) Reversal of Pgp-mediated DOX resistance in human SW620/AD300 cells assessed as potentiation of DOX-induced cytotoxicity by measuring DOX IC50 at 1 uM incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay (Rvb = 33.39 +/- 7.08 uM)	[PMID: 32329342]
SW620/AD300	IC₅₀	1.041 μM Compound: VRP	Reversal of doxorubicin-induced multidrug resistance in human SW620/AD300 cells measured after 48 hrs by CCK-8 method Reversal of doxorubicin-induced multidrug resistance in human SW620/AD300 cells measured after 48 hrs by CCK-8 method	[PMID: 38389882]
THP-1	IC₅₀	19.1 μM Compound: VER	Antileishmanial activity against wild-type Leishmania amazonensis MHOM/BR/1973/MM2269 promastigotes infected in human THP1 cells by luciferase based assay Antileishmanial activity against wild-type Leishmania amazonensis MHOM/BR/1973/MM2269 promastigotes infected in human THP1 cells by luciferase based assay	[PMID: 17452480]
THP-1	IC₅₀	40.3 μM Compound: VER	Antileishmanial activity against wild-type Leishmania major LV39 promastigotes infected in human THP1 cells by luciferase based assay Antileishmanial activity against wild-type Leishmania major LV39 promastigotes infected in human THP1 cells by luciferase based assay	[PMID: 17452480]
THP-1	IC₅₀	43.2 μM Compound: VER	Antileishmanial activity against wild-type Leishmania infantum MHOM/MA/67/ITMAP-263 promastigotes infected in human THP1 cells by luciferase based assay Antileishmanial activity against wild-type Leishmania infantum MHOM/MA/67/ITMAP-263 promastigotes infected in human THP1 cells by luciferase based assay	[PMID: 17452480]
Ventricular myocyte	IC₅₀	100 nM Compound: Verapamil	Inhibition of calcium current (ICaL) measured using whole-cell patch clamp experiments in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes Inhibition of calcium current (ICaL) measured using whole-cell patch clamp experiments in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes	[PMID: 21300721]
Vero	IC₅₀	57.3 μg/mL Compound: verapamil	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay	[PMID: 25238443]

In Vitro

The EverFluor FL Verapamil (EFV) uptake by TR-iBRB2 cells is inhibited by cationic drugs, and inhibits by verapamil in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC₅₀ of 98.0 μM^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Given orally Verapamil is useful for the prophylaxis of atrioventricular reentry tachycardia, and also in modulating the atrioventricular nodal response in atrial fibrillation^[2].
Verapamil is injected i.v. into a femoral vein prior to ischemia. Verapamil (1 mg/kg) significantly decreases the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias including premature ventricular contractions (PVC), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) for 45-min coronary artery occlusion. Total arrhythmia scores are significantly increased when the heart is subjected to ischemia. Verapamil (1 mg/kg) significantly prevents the enhancement of total arrhythmia scores induced by ischemia^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 52-53-9
Appearance Oil
Molecular Weight 454.60
Formula C₂₇H₃₈N₂O₄
Color Colorless to light yellow
SMILES

COC1=CC=C(C(C#N)(C(C)C)CCCN(CCC2=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C2)C)C=C1OC
Synonyms

(±)-Verapamil; CP-16533-1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Publications (86)

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Cancer Cell

Eradication of Tumors through Simultaneous Ablation of CD276/B7-H3-Positive Tumor Cells and Tumor Vasculature. [Abstract]

2017 Apr 10;31(4):501-515.e8. PMID: 28399408
Adv Mater

Hydrophobicity-Adaptive Polymers Trigger Fission of Tumor-Cell-Derived Microparticles for Enhanced Anticancer Drug Delivery. [Abstract]

2023 Nov;35(45):e2211980. PMID: 37755231
Cell Stem Cell

Harnessing matrix stiffness to engineer a bone marrow niche for hematopoietic stem cell rejuvenation. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 6;30(4):378-395.e8. PMID: 37028404
Bioact Mater

Improved activity of MC3T3-E1 cells by the exciting piezoelectric BaTiO3/TC4 using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. [Abstract]

2021 Apr 21;6(11):4073-4082. PMID: 33997494

Verapamil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2021 Apr 21;6(11):4073-4082. [Abstract]

Intracellular calcium fluorescence staining of MC3T3-E1 cells on day 1 in a blank and samples inhibited by Verapamil (10 μmol/L, 24 h) or SKF-96365 (10 μmol/L, 24 h).
Adv Funct Mater

2025 May 5.

Verapamil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Funct Mater. 2025 May 5.

Cytosolic Ca²⁺ fluorescence images of BMSCs before and after inhibition of L-type calcium channels with Verapamil (10 μmol/L).
Adv Funct Mater

2025 May 15.

Verapamil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Funct Mater. 2025 May 15.

Verapamil (20 μM; 5 days). Western blotting of ERK and P-ERK levels in NSCs of the Control, Nanoelectrode+MF with Verapamil, and Nanoelectrode+MF groups.
Nat Commun

Small molecule in situ resin capture provides a compound first approach to natural product discovery. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 19;15(1):5230. PMID: 38898025
Interdiscip Med

2025 Sep 1;3(5):e70053.
MedComm (2020)

KSQ-4279, an Inhibitor of Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 1, Enhanced the Chemotherapeutic Efficacy in ABCB1/ABCG2/ABCC1-Mediated Multidrug Resistant Cancers. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 29;6(12):e70517. PMID: 41328326
Research (Wash D C)

Hyperbaric Oxygen Boosts Antitumor Efficacy of Copper-Diethyldithiocarbamate Nanoparticles against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Regulating Cancer Stem Cell Metabolism. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 11:7:0335. PMID: 38766644
Cell Rep Med

Synergistic mechanical and therapeutic modulation of engineered tumor cell-derived microparticles for enhanced cancer treatment. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 17;7(2):102591. PMID: 41666924
Cell Death Dis

Generation of proliferative hESC-derived grape-clustered hepatocyte organoids with multipolar architecture as regenerative counterpart via synergy of YAP and IGF2 pathways. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 26;17(1):381. PMID: 41888105
Cell Commun Signal

BI-2865, a pan-KRAS inhibitor, reverses the P-glycoprotein induced multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 13;22(1):325. PMID: 38872211
J Pharm Anal

Potential synergic mechanism of Wutou-Gancao herb-pair by inhibiting efflux transporter P-glycoprotein. [Abstract]

2020 Apr;10(2):178-186. PMID: 32373389
Phytomedicine

Membrane cholesterol-dependent dual VEGFR2/FGFR1 inhibition by ginsenoside Rg3 to overcome gefitinib resistance in NSCLC. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 25:148:157421. PMID: 41192258
Phytomedicine

Potential detoxification effect of active ingredients in liquorice by upregulating efflux transporter. [Abstract]

2019 Mar 15:56:175-182. PMID: 30668338
Free Radic Biol Med

Mifepristone protects acetaminophen induced liver injury through NRF2/GSH/GST mediated ferroptosis suppression. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 19:S0891-5849(24)00531-8. PMID: 38906233

Verapamil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Jun 19:S0891-5849(24)00531-8. [Abstract]

HT1080 cells were pretreated with Verapamil (20 μM) or MK-571 sodium for 2 h and then treated with DMSO or RU486 together with concentration gradient of RSL3 for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8.
Food Res Int

Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as a co-delivery vehicle for synergistically enhancing fucoxanthin oral bioavailability through dual regulation of SR-B1 and ABCB1 transporters. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 31:228:118352. PMID: 41703824
Br J Pharmacol

Endothelium-derived hydrogen sulfide acts as a hyperpolarizing factor and exerts neuroprotective effects via activation of large-conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ channels. [Abstract]

2021 Oct;178(20):4155-4175. PMID: 34216027

Verapamil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Oct;178(20):4155-4175. [Abstract]

Verapamil (Ver; 100 µM; 24 h). Effect of NaHS on neuronal viability against OGD/R injury in vitro. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 at 24 h post-reoxygenation.
Biomed Pharmacother

Gilteritinib reverses ABCB1-mediated multidrug resistance: Preclinical in vitro and animal investigations. [Abstract]

2024 Oct 28:180:117603. PMID: 39471652
Biomed Pharmacother

Verapamil attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting apoptosis via activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Nov:180:117568. PMID: 39405898
Biomed Pharmacother

Interplay of drug transporters P-glycoprotein (MDR1), MRP1, OATP1A2 and OATP1B3 in passage of maraviroc across human placenta. [Abstract]

2020 Sep;129:110506. PMID: 32768979
Food Sci Hum Wellness

2026.
PLoS Biol

The scale of zebrafish pectoral fin buds is determined by intercellular K+ levels and consequent Ca2+-mediated signaling via retinoic acid regulation of Rcan2 and Kcnk5b. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 25;22(3):e3002565. PMID: 38527087
Cell Rep

Developmental reprogramming underlies chemotherapy resistance in favorable-histology Wilms tumor. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 17:117063. PMID: 41850280
Cell Rep

circATF6 triggers calcium overload to synergize with EGFR-TKI in non-small cell lung cancer via modulation of proteostasis. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 5;44(12):116659. PMID: 41351835
J Med Chem

Development of an In Silico Prediction Model for P-glycoprotein Efflux Potential in Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells toward the Prediction of Brain Penetration. [Abstract]

2021 Mar 11;64(5):2725-2738. PMID: 33619967
Cancer Cell Int

ABCB1 and ABCG2 restricts the efficacy of gedatolisib (PF-05212384), a PI3K inhibitor in colorectal cancer cells. [Abstract]

2021 Feb 16;21(1):108. PMID: 33593355
Biochem Pharmacol

Ticagrelor reverses multidrug resistance in breast cancer by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and suppressing ABCB1 expression and function. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 15:249:117903. PMID: 41846011
Biochem Pharmacol

Verapamil modulates astrocytic glycolytic dysfunction via TXNIP inhibition in the hippocampus of 3 × Tg-AD mice. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 12;242(Pt 2):117233. PMID: 40812585
ACS Appl Nano Mater

2025 Jan 21.
J Ethnopharmacol

Traditional Chinese Medicine YangxinDingji alleviates arrhythmias through inhibition of sodium and L-type calcium channels. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 14:347:119803. PMID: 40239882
Food Funct

Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan alleviates diet-induced insulin resistance by inhibiting colon-derived ceramide biosynthesis. [Abstract]

2021 Sep 20;12(18):8440-8453. PMID: 34374401
Inflammopharmacology

Chrysophanol exerts a protective effect against Aβ25-35-induced Alzheimer's disease model through regulating the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Jun;31(3):1511-1527. PMID: 36976486
Int J Mol Sci

2026 Jan;27(6):2534.
Int J Mol Sci

Study on the Chemical Composition and Multidrug Resistance Reversal Activity of Euphorbia uralensis (Euphorbiaceae). [Abstract]

2025 Jan 6;26(1):412. PMID: 39796265
Int J Mol Sci

A BPTF Inhibitor That Interferes with the Multidrug Resistance Pump to Sensitize Murine Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy. [Abstract]

2024 Oct 22;25(21):11346. PMID: 39518898
Pharm Biol

Antidiarrheal activity of methanol extract of Sophora tonkinensis in mice and spasmolytic effect on smooth muscle contraction of isolated jejunum in rabbits. [Abstract]

2019 Dec;57(1):477-484. PMID: 31438784
Eur J Pharmacol

Suppression of hypoxia-induced CAV1 autophagic degradation enhances nanoalbumin-paclitaxel transcytosis and improves therapeutic activity in pancreatic cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 15:969:176431. PMID: 38395374
Eur J Pharmacol

Chemerin-9 in paraventricular nucleus increases sympathetic outflow and blood pressure via glutamate receptor-mediated ROS generation. [Abstract]

2022 Dec 5:936:175343. PMID: 36306926
Eur J Pharmacol

Verapamil ameliorates proximal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis and fibrosis in diabetic kidney. [Abstract]

2021 Nov 15:911:174552. PMID: 34627808
Biol Res

Shear stress-induced Ca2+ influx triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis: implications for mitral regulation. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 8;59(1):17. PMID: 41656311
Antibiotics (Basel)

Potential Pharmacokinetic Effect of Chicken Xenobiotic Receptor Activator on Sulfadiazine: Involvement of P-glycoprotein Induction. [Abstract]

2022 Jul 26;11(8):1005. PMID: 35892397
Mol Pharm

Tumor-Repopulating Cell-Derived Microparticle-Based Therapeutics Amplify the Antitumor Effect through Synergistic Inhibition of Chemoresistance and Immune Evasion. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 3;22(2):733-746. PMID: 39772575
Cancers (Basel)

Drug Repurposing to Identify a Synergistic High-Order Drug Combination to Treat Sunitinib-Resistant Renal Cell Carcinoma. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 6;13(16):3978. PMID: 34439134
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol

Investigation of verapamil-induced cardiorenal dysfunction and compensatory ion regulation in zebrafish embryos. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 20:109980. PMID: 39038748
Cancer Sci

Stemness and anti-cancer drug resistance in ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 highly expressed pancreatic cancer is induced in 3D culture conditions. [Abstract]

2018 Apr;109(4):1135-1146. PMID: 29444383
FEBS J

ABCB1-mediated docetaxel resistance reversed by erastin in prostate cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Jul;291(14):3249-3266. PMID: 38712529
Pestic Biochem Physiol

Genome-wide identification of ABC transporters and their contribution to triflumezopyrim susceptibility regulated by microRNAs in Laodelphax striatellus. [Abstract]

2026 Jan;216(Pt 1):106791. PMID: 41326080
Drug Metab Dispos

Activation of pregnane X receptor-organic anion transporting polypeptide 1a/b /P-glycoprotein/multidrug resistance protein 2 axis mediates the accelerated blood and liver clearance of PEGylated liposomes. [Abstract]

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Pestic Biochem Physiol

Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCG10, ABCH3 and ABCH4 in Aphis craccivora (Koch) facilitates its tolerance to imidacloprid. [Abstract]

2022 Aug:186:105170. PMID: 35973758
Cell Calcium

Rapamycin inhibits B-cell activating factor (BAFF)-stimulated cell proliferation and survival by suppressing Ca2+-CaMKII-dependent PTEN/Akt-Erk1/2 signaling pathway in normal and neoplastic B-lymphoid cells. [Abstract]

2020 May;87:102171. PMID: 32062191
Microbiol Spectr

Overexpression of efflux pump genes is one of the mechanisms causing drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 11;12(1):e0251023. PMID: 38047702
Neurochem Res

Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation via the P-glycoprotein and NF-κB Pathway in Astrocytes. [Abstract]

2023 May;48(5):1424-1437. PMID: 36482035

Verapamil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Neurochem Res. 2023 May;48(5):1424-1437. [Abstract]

LPS-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) expression and extracellular secretion in primary astrocytes are suppressed following administration of the P-gp inhibitor Verapamil (Ver; 70 μM).
Mol Cell Endocrinol

Klotho inhibits PKCα/p66SHC-mediated podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy. [Abstract]

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BMC Cancer

Preclinical studies of the falnidamol as a highly potent and specific active ABCB1 transporter inhibitor. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 7;25(1):24. PMID: 39773145
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol

The inhibitory effect of antiretroviral drugs on the L-carnitine uptake in human placenta. [Abstract]

2019 Apr 1:368:18-25. PMID: 30735677
Cancer Res Commun

Inhibition of NEK2 Promotes Chemosensitivity and Reduces KSHV-positive Primary Effusion Lymphoma Burden. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 9;4(4):1024-1040. PMID: 38592451
J Orthop Surg Res

Several first-line anti-hypertensives act on fibrosarcoma progression and PD1ab blockade therapy. [Abstract]

2024 Feb 19;19(1):147. PMID: 38373964
S Afr J Bot

2026 Feb 9.
J Nat Med

Tenacissoside G reverses paclitaxel resistance by inhibiting Src/PTN/P-gp signaling axis activation in ovarian cancer cells. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 8. PMID: 40195205
Antivir Ther

Pharmacokinetic and mass balance characterization of [14C] RAY1216, a SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor, in healthy Chinese male subjects. [Abstract]

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Pharmacol Res Perspect

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Biomed Res Int

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Biochem Biophys Res Commun

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2024 Jan 8:691:149314. PMID: 38039831
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Veliparib overcomes multidrug resistance in liver cancer cells. [Abstract]

2020 Jan 15;521(3):596-602. PMID: 31679697
Biomed Chromatogr

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2024 Aug 17:e5984. PMID: 39152775
Braz J Med Biol Res

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2024 Jul 1:57:e13357. PMID: 38958364
Xenobiotica

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eGastroenterology

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SSRN

2025 Dec 11.
SSRN

2025 Oct 22.
SSRN

2025 Jun 3.
medRxiv

2025 May 21.
Preprints

2024 Jun 12.
SSRN

2024 Jun 4.
Université de Lausanne

2024 Feb 7.
SSRN

8 Nov 2022
Research Square Print

2022.
Research Square Preprint

2020 Dec.
Research Square Preprint

2020 Oct.
Charles University

2019.
Toxicol Res Appl

2018, 2:239784731880115.
Toxicol Res Appl

September 25, 2018.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (219.97 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.1997 mL

10.9987 mL

21.9974 mL

5 mM

0.4399 mL

2.1997 mL

4.3995 mL

10 mM

0.2200 mL

1.0999 mL

2.1997 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.50 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.50 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.50 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (274 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Gowarty JL, et al. Verapamil as a culprit of palbociclib toxicity. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2019 Apr;25(3):743-746. [Content Brief]

[2]. Krikler DM. Verapamil in arrhythmia. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:183S-189S. [Content Brief]

[3]. Rehnqvist N,et al. Effects of metoprolol vs verapamil in patients with stable angina pectoris. The Angina Prognosis Study in Stockholm (APSIS). Eur Heart J. 1996 Jan;17(1):76-81. [Content Brief]

[4]. Kubo Y, et al. Blood-to-Retina Transport of Fluorescence-Labeled Verapamil at the Blood-Retinal Barrier. Pharm Res. 2018 Mar 12;35(5):93. [Content Brief]

[5]. Zhou P, et al. Anti-arrhythmic effect of Verapamil is accompanied by preservation of cx43 protein in rat heart. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e71567. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.1997 mL	10.9987 mL	21.9974 mL	54.9934 mL
	5 mM	0.4399 mL	2.1997 mL	4.3995 mL	10.9987 mL
	10 mM	0.2200 mL	1.0999 mL	2.1997 mL	5.4993 mL
	15 mM	0.1466 mL	0.7332 mL	1.4665 mL	3.6662 mL
	20 mM	0.1100 mL	0.5499 mL	1.0999 mL	2.7497 mL
	25 mM	0.0880 mL	0.4399 mL	0.8799 mL	2.1997 mL
	30 mM	0.0733 mL	0.3666 mL	0.7332 mL	1.8331 mL
	40 mM	0.0550 mL	0.2750 mL	0.5499 mL	1.3748 mL
	50 mM	0.0440 mL	0.2200 mL	0.4399 mL	1.0999 mL
	60 mM	0.0367 mL	0.1833 mL	0.3666 mL	0.9166 mL
	80 mM	0.0275 mL	0.1375 mL	0.2750 mL	0.6874 mL
	100 mM	0.0220 mL	0.1100 mL	0.2200 mL	0.5499 mL

Keywords

Product Name:
Cat. No.:
Quantity:
MCE Japan Authorized Agent:

Product Name:
CAS No.:
Species:
Purity:
Quantity:

Verapamil

Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Compound Library

Metabolism/Protease Compound Library

Neuronal Signaling Compound Library

FDA-Approved Drug Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Aging Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library

Antioxidant Compound Library

Oxygen Sensing Compound Library

Anti-Cardiovascular Disease Compound Library

NMPA-Approved Drug Library

Orally Active Compound Library

FDA Approved & Pharmacopeial Drug Library

Neuroprotective Compound Library

Mitochondria-Targeted Compound Library

Rare Diseases Drug Library

Pediatric Drug Library

Calcium Channel Blocker Library

FDA-Approved Anticancer Drug Library

Human Metabolite Library

Cancer Stem Cells Compound Library

Off-patent Drug Library

Antihypertensive Compound Library

Metabolic Enzyme Compound Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Membrane Receptor-targeted Compound Library

Mitochondrial Toxicity Compound Library

Ion Channel Compound Library

Anti-Drug-Resistant Compound Library

Anti-Ovarian Cancer Compound Library

Multi-Target Compound Library

Radioprotector Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library Plus

FDA-Approved Drug Library Plus

FDA-Approved Drug Library Mini

Bioactive Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Chinese Baijiu Compound Library

RNA Binding Bioactive Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Verapamil

All Calcium Channel Isoforms

All Cytochrome P450 Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (86)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Verapamil Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-14275