MCP-4/CCL13 Protein, Human

MCP-4/CCL13 Protein, Human is a CC family chemokine with chemotactic effects on basophils, monocytes, macrophages, immature dendritic cells and T cells. CCL13 binds to CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, and CCR11 chemokine receptors and is able to induce key immunomodulatory responses through its effects on regulatory muscle, epithelial, and endothelial cells. MCP-4/CCL13 Protein, Human is a recombinant human MCP-4/CCL13 (Q24-T98) protein expressed by E.coli^[1][2].

CCL13, also known as monocyte chemotactic protein MCP-4, is a small cell factor belonging to the CC chemokine family and is located on human chromosome 17. At the amino acid level, human CCL13 shares 65% identity with human CCL2. CCL13 can act as a chemoattractant for monocytes, macrophages, T lymphocytes, immature DCs, eosinophils, and basophils by binding to cell surface G protein-linked chemokine receptors such as CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, and CCR11. CCL13 also induces histamine release from basophils and eosinophil degranulation, and causes expression of adhesion molecules and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in endothelial cells, epithelial cells and muscle cells^[1]. CCL13 plays a role in leukocyte accumulation on both sides of allergic and non-allergic inflammation. Studies have shown that CCL13 is upregulated in asthma and allergic rhinitis and is associated with the number of monocytes/macrophages and eosinophils recruited in the airways of patients. It may be involved in the recruitment of monocytes to the arterial wall during atherosclerotic disease and plays a role in the attraction of monocytes in tissues chronically exposed to exogenous pathogens. ccl13 may also contribute to the development of drug resistance in tumor cells by promoting apoptosis and drug resistance^[2].

1. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral blood eosinophils is in a concentration range of 10-100 ng/mL.
2. Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 cells. The ED₅₀ this effect is 18.2 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 5.49×10⁴ units/mg.

• 
  Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 18.2 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 5.49×10⁴ units/mg.

Human

E. coli

Tag Free

Q99616 (Q24-T98)

6357  [NCBI]

Partial

QPDALNVPSTCCFTFSSKKISLQRLKSYVITTSRCPQKAVIFRTKLGKEICADPKEKWVQNYMKHLGRKAHTLKT

Approximately 13 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

• 
  ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. /biology-dictionary/pc-3-cell.html  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Mendez-Enriquez E, et al. The multiple faces of CCL13 in immunity and inflammation. Inflammopharmacology. 2013 Dec;21(6):397-406.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Shaoping She, et al. Functional Roles of Chemokine Receptor CCR2 and Its Ligands in Liver Disease. Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 25;13:812431.  [Content Brief]