Actions of ethanolamine on cultured sensory neurones from neonatal rats

Some of the analgesic and antinociceptive properties of the endocannabinoid anandamide can be explained by modulation of voltage-activated ion channels. However, the products of anandamide metabolism by fatty acid amide hydroxylase may also contribute to the altered excitability of sensory neurones. Ethanolamine is a product of metabolism of acylethanolamines including anandamide. In this study whole cell patch clamp recording and fura-2 CA(2+) imaging techniques were used to characterize its actions on neonatal rat cultured dorsal root ganglion neurones. Ethanolamine (1muM) increased the mean CA(2+) transient produced by 1mM caffeine and modulated CA(2+) transients evoked by 60mM KCl. Thapsigargicin (500nM) inhibited the ethanolamine-evoked enhancement of CA(2+) transients evoked by depolarisation. Voltage-activated K(+) currents were evoked from a holding potential of -70mV by voltage step commands to 0mV. Acute application of 1muM ethanolamine produced irreversible current modulation. However, application of 100nM ethanolamine reversibly increased or decreased K(+) currents. These effects of ethanolamine on voltage-activated K(+) currents were not sensitive to continual application of thapsigargicin. When applied alone thapsigargicin (500nM) had no action on the mean K(+) current. In conclusion, ethanolamine may play distinct roles in the modulation of sensory neurone excitability by acting via different mechanisms to modulate K(+) channels and a component of intracellular CA(2+) signalling. These data suggest that in a therapeutic context it may be difficult to predict the consequences of manipulating anandamide levels.