Organization, evolution and functions of the human and mouse Ly6/uPAR family genes

  • Hum Genomics. 2016 Apr 21:10:10. doi: 10.1186/s40246-016-0074-2.
Chelsea L Loughner  1 ,  Elspeth A Bruford  2 ,  Monica S McAndrews  3 ,  Emili E Delp  1 ,  Sudha Swamynathan  1 ,  Shivalingappa K Swamynathan  4  5  6  7  8
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA.
  • 2. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK.
  • 3. Mouse Genome Informatics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA.
  • 4. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA. [email protected].
  • 5. Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA. [email protected].
  • 6. McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA. [email protected].
  • 7. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA. [email protected].
  • 8. Eye and Ear Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop Street, Room 1025, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. [email protected].
PMID: 27098205 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-016-0074-2
Abstract

Members of the lymphocyte antigen-6 (Ly6)/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) superfamily of proteins are cysteine-rich proteins characterized by a distinct disulfide bridge pattern that creates the three-finger Ly6/uPAR (LU) domain. Although the Ly6/uPAR family proteins share a common structure, their expression patterns and functions vary. To date, 35 human and 61 mouse Ly6/uPAR family members have been identified. Based on their subcellular localization, these proteins are further classified as GPI-anchored on the cell membrane, or secreted. The genes encoding Ly6/uPAR family proteins are conserved across different species and are clustered in syntenic regions on human chromosomes 8, 19, 6 and 11, and mouse Chromosomes 15, 7, 17, and 9, respectively. Here, we review the human and mouse Ly6/uPAR family gene and protein structure and genomic organization, expression, functions, and evolution, and introduce new names for novel family members.

Keywords
LU domain; Ly6/uPAR family; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; Three-finger domain; uPAR.
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