New monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  • Leuk Res. 2016 Oct;49:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.07.009.
Nosha Farhadfar  1 ,  Mark R Litzow  2
Affiliations
  • 1. Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
  • 2. Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 27521873 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.07.009
Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies represent a major advance in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Targeted delivery of these agents based on leukemic cell-surface receptor recognition, improves efficacy and minimizes off-target toxicity. The antigens CD19, CD20, CD22 and CD52, are the most common antigens to which monoclonal antibodies in B-cell ALL have been directed. Rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody, in combination with conventional chemotherapy has been shown to improve survival in newly diagnosed CD20 positive B-cell ALL. Blinatumomab, a bispecific T-cell engager, as monotherapy in relapsed and refractory B-cell ALL resulted in prolonged relapse free survival. Inotuzumab ozogamicin, an anti-CD22 antibody, alone and in combination with chemotherapy has been promising in relapsed and refractory B-cell ALL. The effectiveness and safety of several newer monoclonal antibodies including ofatumumab, obinutuzumab, epratuzumab, denintuzumab mafodotin and moxetumomab pasudotox as single agents or in combination with a chemotherapeutic back bone are currently under investigation.

Keywords
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); Monoclonal antibodies; Targeted therapy.
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