S100A8/A9 in Inflammation

  • Front Immunol. 2018 Jun 11:9:1298. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01298.
Siwen Wang  1  2 ,  Rui Song  1  2 ,  Ziyi Wang  1  2 ,  Zhaocheng Jing  1  2 ,  Shaoxiong Wang  1  2 ,  Jian Ma  1  2  3
Affiliations
  • 1. Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  • 2. Xiangya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  • 3. Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.
PMID: 29942307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01298
Abstract

S100A8 and S100A9 (also known as MRP8 and MRP14, respectively) are CA2+ binding proteins belonging to the S100 family. They often exist in the form of heterodimer, while homodimer exists very little because of the stability. S100A8/A9 is constitutively expressed in neutrophils and monocytes as a CA2+ sensor, participating in Cytoskeleton rearrangement and arachidonic acid metabolism. During inflammation, S100A8/A9 is released actively and exerts a critical role in modulating the inflammatory response by stimulating leukocyte recruitment and inducing cytokine secretion. S100A8/A9 serves as a candidate biomarker for diagnosis and follow-up as well as a predictive indicator of therapeutic responses to inflammation-associated diseases. As blockade of S100A8/A9 activity using small-molecule inhibitors or antibodies improves pathological conditions in murine models, the heterodimer has potential as a therapeutic target. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and detailed overview of the distribution and biological functions of S100A8/A9 and highlight its application as a diagnostic and therapeutic target in inflammation-associated diseases.

Keywords
S100A8; S100A9; biomarker; infection; inflammation.
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