CHMP6 Protein, Human

The CHMP6 protein stands as a probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III), playing a pivotal role in the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and the sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into these structures. MVBs, containing intraluminal vesicles (ILVs), are vital for the degradation of membrane proteins like growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes, and lipids, as they are transported to lysosomes. The MVB pathway involves the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I, -II, and -III complexes, with ESCRT-III proteins dissociating from the invaginating membrane before ILV release. Notably, CHMP6 is integral to topologically equivalent membrane fission events, participating in the terminal stages of cytokinesis and the budding of enveloped viruses, including HIV-1 and other lentiviruses. Within the ESCRT-III complex, CHMP6 likely serves as an acceptor for the ESCRT-II complex on endosomal membranes, facilitating vesicle extrusion and membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4. Its interactions with VPS4A, VPS4B, CHMP4A, CHMP4B, CHMP4C, SNF8, VPS25, and VPS36 highlight its intricate involvement in the ESCRT machinery, contributing to various cellular processes.