IGF2 Protein, Human (P.pastoris)

The IGF2 protein, a member of the insulin-like growth factor family, plays a pivotal role in promoting growth and influencing fetoplacental development, particularly as a major fetal growth hormone in mammals. It is regulated by placental lactogen and contributes to tissue differentiation. In adults, IGF2 is involved in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the liver. Acting as a ligand for integrin, it facilitates IGF2 signaling and positively regulates the function of the myogenic transcription factor MYOD1, controlling muscle terminal differentiation. Additionally, IGF2 inhibits myoblast differentiation and modulates metabolism by increasing mitochondrial respiration rates. Moreover, in glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, IGF2's counterpart, preptin, acts as a physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Notably, IGF2 exhibits osteogenic properties, enhancing osteoblast mitogenic activity through the phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3.