NR3C1 Protein, Human (His)

The Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) is a receptor for glucocorticoids (GC) with a dual mode of action: functioning as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. It regulates inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and differentiation, and is involved in chromatin remodeling. GR also promotes rapid mRNA degradation by binding to target mRNA 5' UTRs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner, recruiting UPF1 and DCP1A to induce RNA decay. Additionally, GR acts as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and plays a critical role in hepatic GR-mediated body growth regulation (by similar). GR exhibits both transcriptional activation and repression activities, mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis, and ensures accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. It may function as a tumor suppressor and negatively regulate adipogenesis by controlling lipolytic and antilipogenic gene expression (by similar). Different isoforms (e.g., Alpha) display varying functions, including transcriptional activity, hormone-binding capacity, and roles in glucose metabolism regulation.