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FM4-64 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
Cholesterol Water Soluble is a major sterol in mammals, constituting 20-25% of the structural composition of the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol Water Soluble plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of membranes and the function of transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol Water Soluble is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist. Cholesterol Water Soluble can be used to study the effects of cholesterol on potassium currents in inner hair cells . (Note: This product is a mixture of Cholesterol and Methyl-β-cyclodextrin. The product specifications below only indicate the effective content of Cholesterol.)
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Bongkrekic acid is a mitochondrial toxin secreted by the bacteria Pseudomonas cocovenenans . Bongkrekic acid specific ligand for mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) rather than the electron transport chain. Bongkrekic acid has to cross the mitochondrial inner membrane to produce its inhibitory effect on ADP/ATP transport .
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholic acid is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholic acid is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Squalamine (MSI-1256) is an aminosterol compound with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Squalamine makes cells less conducive to certain viral replication by altering the electrostatic interactions in the inner membrane of host cells. Squalamine also has antibacterial and antitumor activities. Squalamine has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Squalamine inhibits tumor-related angiogenesis and the growth of human breast cancer cells. Squalamine restores the function of enteric nervous system in Parkinson ,s disease mouse models .
FM1-43 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate (DHSM sulfate) is the sulfate salt form of Dihydrostreptomycin (HY-B1241A). Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with antibacterial effect against Gram-negative bacteria. Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate exhibits ototoxicity that causes irreversible damage in inner ear hair cells, leading to hearing loss .
N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine is a dye that fluoresces strongly when bound to the inner phospholipid bilayer of Gram-negative bacteria. N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine can be used to measure outer membrane permeability. N-Phenylnaphthalen-1-amine is a fluorescence probe for odorant-binding proteins (OBP) with a dissociation constant of 1.67 μM. N-Phenylnaphthalen-1-amine exhibits an excitation wavelength of 337 nM and an emission wavelength of 407 nM .
MitoPerOx is a mitochondrial-targeted, lipid peroxidation-indicating fluorescent probe with BODIPY581/591 fluorophores. The triphenylphosphine cation (TPP+) of MitoPerOx can be selectively enriched in mitochondria (depending on membrane potential) and can be used to detect lipid peroxidation in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Under the action of lipid peroxides, the BODIPY581/591 fluorophores of MitoPerOx shift their emission wavelength from 590 nm (reduced state) to 520 nm (oxidized state), and ratiometric detection can be performed at an excitation wavelength of 488 nm. MitoPerOx can specifically monitor the peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids (especially cardiolipin) and is used in the study of oxidative stress-related diseases (such as aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction)[1][2].
Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
AU1235, an adamantyl urea, is a potent MmpL3 inhibitor. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein MmpL3 performs an essential role in cell wall synthesis, since it effects the transport of trehalose monomycolates across the inner membrane .
Caroverine hydrochloride is a potent, competitive and reversible antagonist of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptor. Caroverine hydrochloride is also an antioxidant and calcium-blocking agent that exhibits vasorelaxant action. Caroverine hydrochloride can be used for the research of inner ear tinnitus .
FM4-64 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM
Cereulide is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable emetic toxin. Cereulide acts as a potassium ionophore that inserts into membranes, forms complexes with K +, and transports K + from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. Cereulide disrupts the electrochemical gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane, leading to mitochondrial swelling and dysfunction, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of ATP synthesis, ROS accumulation, and ultimately triggering apoptosis and autophagy. Cereulide exhibits multi-organ toxicity and can be used for research on emetic food poisoning .
MitoPerOx (solution) is a mitochondrial-targeted, lipid peroxidation-indicating fluorescent probe with BODIPY581/591 fluorophores. The triphenylphosphine cation (TPP+) of MitoPerOx can be selectively enriched in mitochondria (depending on membrane potential) and can be used to detect lipid peroxidation in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Under the action of lipid peroxides, the BODIPY581/591 fluorophores of MitoPerOx shift their emission wavelength from 590 nm (reduced state) to 520 nm (oxidized state) , and ratiometric detection can be performed at an excitation wavelength of 488 nm. MitoPerOx can specifically monitor the peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids (especially cardiolipin) and is used in the study of oxidative stress-related diseases (such as aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction) . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 2 mM
Cardiolipin (16:0/18:1/16:0/18:1) (16:0-18:1 Cardiolipin) sodium is a di-saturated mitochondrial-specific anionic phospholipid sodium salt containing the long-chain fatty acid palmitic acid (HY-N0830) and the monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid (HY-N1446). Cardiolipin (16:0/18:1/16:0/18:1) sodium undergoes in-source fragmentation via diglyceride (DG)-H2O fragment formation and (DG-H2O) fragment loss pathways. Cardiolipin (16:0/18:1/16:0/18:1) sodium can be used in the synthesis of lipid nanodiscs for application in in situ mass spectrometry .
2-Aminobenzothiazole acts as a caspase 3/7 activator, an anticancer cytotoxic agent, and also exhibits neurotoxicity. 2-Aminobenzothiazole drives the apoptotic pathway by activating caspase 3/7, induces mitochondrial inner membrane depolarization, and triggers both early and late apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway. In zebrafish models, 2-Aminobenzothiazole induces oxidative damage in brain tissues and inhibits genes related to GABA and 5-HT synthesis pathways. Long-term exposure to 2-Aminobenzothiazole impairs motor ability, social behavior, anxiety-like state and cognitive function. 2-Aminobenzothiazole can be used in studies of human laryngeal carcinoma and related neurotoxicity .
1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (SAPE) is a naturally-occurring phospholipid that can be found in inner mitochondrial membrane (MITO) .
FM1-43 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
Equisetin is an N-methylserine-derived acyl tetramic acid, quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI), herbicides and antibiotics. Equisetin specifically inhibits the anionic carriers of substrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Equisetin inhibits the activity of HIV-1 integrase, 11β-HSD1, and 2,4-dinitrophenol (Dnp)-stimulated ATPase (IC50 = ~8 nmol per mg of protein). Equisetin exhibits growth inhibition of bacteria, anti-inflammatory, amelioration of lipid-associated disorders, and cytotoxic effects .
POPSO is a zwitterionic buffer, increases osmolality and shows marked inhibition of anion uniport. POPSO inhibits chloride uniport with an IC50 value of 24 mM. POPSO enhances copper uptake and toxicity in alga, impairs mitochondrial inner membrane. The working pH range of POPSO sesquisodium salt is 7.2-8.5 .
HBmito Crimson is a deep red fluorescent probe (λex: 658 nm, λem: 678 nm) for the inner mitochondrial membrane. HBmito Crimson is a cell membrane-permeable probe with high selectivity for the mitochondrial inner membrane, suitable for specific fluorescence staining of the inner mitochondrial membrane in living cells. HBmito Crimson has high photostability and brightness, suitable for long-term dynamic fluorescence imaging.
TSPO ligand-1 is the ligand of AUTAC4 (HY-134640) that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs. TSPO ligand-1 is a mitochondrial outer membrane transmembrane structural domain protein can bind to AUTAC4 and regulate mitochondrial autophagy to promote targeted mitochondrial renewal. TSPO ligand-1 is also involved in the transport of cholesterol from the outer to inner mitochondrial membrane and serves as a sensitive biomarker of brain injury and neurodegeneration .
GSK-3 inhibitor 1 (compound core 3) is a GSK-3 inhibitor that induces stem/progenitor cell self-renewal (e.g. induces stem/progenitor cell proliferation while maintaining the ability to differentiate into tissue cells in the progeny) .
3-(N-Maleimidopropionyl)biocytin is a cysteine-specific labeling reagent and non-membrane-permeable probe. 3-(N-Maleimidopropionyl)biocytin covalently modifies the exposed cysteine residues of yeast Tim44, conjugating the biotin moiety to the polypeptide chain. 3-(N-Maleimidopropionyl)biocytin determines the topology of membrane proteins by modifying the exposed cysteine residues on the outer side of the inner mitochondrial membrane .
PENAO TFA is the trifluoroacetic acid of PENAO (HY-16386). PENAO is a potent tumour cell mitochondrial toxin. PENAO inactivates tumor cell mitochondria by targeting inner-membrane adenine nucleotide transferase .
Chloroethene polymer (Polyvinyl chloride) is an orally active vinyl chloride polymer. Chloroethene polymer is cytotoxic, reproductively toxic, and an endocrine disruptor. Chloroethene polymer can be used in the research of packaging inner surfaces, food wrapping paper, agricultural crop coverings, and plastic bottles .
13-HPOT is a linolenic acid hydroperoxide and an antibacterial agent. 13-HPOT interacts with lipid representatives of bacterial inner membranes. 13-HPOT exerts dose-dependent in vitro antibacterial activity against Pectobacterium carotovorum, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae DC3000, and Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens .
Cereulide- 13C6 is a deuterated form of Cereulide. Cereulide is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable emetic toxin. Cereulide acts as a potassium ionophore that inserts into membranes, forms complexes with K +, and transports K + from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. Cereulide disrupts the electrochemical gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane, leading to mitochondrial swelling and dysfunction, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of ATP synthesis, ROS accumulation, and ultimately triggering apoptosis and autophagy. Cereulide exhibits multi-organ toxicity and can be used for research on emetic food poisoning.
Rhodamine 101 inner salt is a bright fluorescent dye with excitation and emission maxima at 565 and 595 nm, respectively. It can be used in various biological applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and ELISA.
JB-95, a β-hairpin macrocyclic peptide, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. JB-95 can selectively disrupt the outer membrane but not the inner membrane of E. coli .
LolCDE-IN-4 (Compound 1) is exhibits antibacterial efficacy against gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli (MIC of 0.25-32 µg/ml) and Haemophilus influenzae, through inhibition LolCDE complex and disruption of lipoproteins release from the inner membrane .
Taurodeoxycholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurodeoxycholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholic acid is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholic acid is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects[1][2][3][9][10].
Ceftaroline fosamil (inner) (TAK-599 free acid), a cephalosporin derivative, is an N-phosphono proagent of anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) T-91825. Ceftaroline fosamil (inner) can be used for the research of MRSA infection .
Bongkrekic acid- 13C28 is the 13C labeled Bongkrekic acid (HY-136406). Bongkrekic acid is a mitochondrial toxin secreted by the bacteria Pseudomonas cocovenenans. Bongkrekic acid specific ligand for mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) rather than the electron transport chain. Bongkrekic acid has to cross the mitochondrial inner membrane to produce its inhibitory effect on ADP/ATP transport .
Citrocin is a potent bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) inhibitor. Citrocin shows significant inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli RNAP with an MIC range of 16-125 μM. Citrocin specifically binds to and inhibits RNA polymerase to block bacterial transcription and enters cells mainly through inner membrane protein SbmA. Citrocin is promising for research of Gram-negative bacterial infections, such as enterohemorrhagic E. coli .
Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Catechin-7-O-β-D-xylopyranoside is an antioxidant compound with strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability. Catechin-7-O-β-D-xylopyranoside can be extracted from birch inner bark and nepeta stem bark .
Dihydrostreptomycin (DHSM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with antibacterial effect against Gram-negative bacteria. Dihydrostreptomycin exhibits ototoxicity that causes irreversible damage in inner ear hair cells, leading to hearing loss .
BTM-P1 is a polycationic peptide that exhibits antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. BTM-P1 can form ion-permeable channels in the inner mitochondrial membrane to interfere with mitochondrial energy processes .
Mito-laurdan bromide, a derivative of Laurdan (HY-D0080), is a fluorescent probe. Mito-laurdan bromide contains a cationic triphenylphosphonium moiety, which accumulates at the inner mitochondrial membrane due to its negative membrane potential, connected via a 3 carbon linker .
UK-78282, a novel piperidine, potent and selective Kv1.3 blocker with an IC50 of 200 nM. UK-78,282 effectively suppresses human T-lymphocyte activation in vitro. UK-78,282 binds to residues at the inner surface of the channel overlapping the site of action of verapamil .
DHODH-IN-19 is a potent inhibitor of DHODH. DHODH is present in the inner membrane of human mitochondria and is an iron-containing flavin-dependent enzyme. DHODH-IN-19 inhibits tumor growth. DHODH-IN-19 has the potential for the research of cancer and inflammation disease (extracted from patent WO2021238881A1, compound 1) .
T100-Mut is a cell-permeable peptide whose N-terminus is conjugated with a myristoylated group to enable T100-Mut to penetrate and localize to the inner side of the plasma membrane, thus mimicking the topology of Tmem100-3Q. T100-Mut can alleviate TRPA1-mediated pain .
Ebio3 is a selective potassium channel (KCNQ2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.2 nM. Ebio3 binds to the KCNQ2 channel through its hydrophobic tail, causing the S6 helix to move inward, which leads to the closure of the inner gate. The inhibitory effect of Ebio3 is also effective in pathogenic mutants of KCNQ2 (such as R75C and I238L), where it can inhibit outward currents by more than 80%. Ebio3 is expected to be used in the research of neurological diseases such as epilepsy .
HVF18-a3-d is an antimicrobial peptide. HVF18-a3-d reduces NO production. HVF18-a3-d inhibits the production of TNF-α and IL-6, reduces ROS production, and suppresses the TLR4 signaling pathway, as well as LPS-induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK. HVF18-a3-d exhibits antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria by disrupting their outer and inner membranes. HVF18-a3-d protects mice from fatal septic shock induced by Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to Carbapenem. HVF18-a3-d shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects .
Scaff10-8 is a RhoA inhibitor. Scaff10-8 binds to RhoA, inhibits AKAP-Lbc-mediated RhoA activation. Scaff10-8 can be used for research on diabetes insipidus and bipolar disorder .
Caroverine is a potent, competitive and reversible antagonist of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptor. Caroverine is also an antioxidant and calcium-blocking agent that exhibits vasorelaxant action. Caroverine can be used for the research of inner ear tinnitus .
Caroverine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Caroverine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Caroverine hydrochloride is a potent, competitive and reversible antagonist of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptor. Caroverine hydrochloride is also an antioxidant and calcium-blocking agent that exhibits vasorelaxant action. Caroverine hydrochloride can be used for the research of inner ear tinnitus .
MsbA-IN-6 is a potent inhibitor of MsbA. MsbA-IN-6 is an antibiotic. Gram-negative ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter MsbA, an essential inner membrane protein, transports lipopolysaccharide from the inner leaflet to the periplasmic face of the inner membrane. MsbA-IN-6 kills Escherichia coli through inhibition of its ATPase and transport activity, with no loss of activity against clinical multidrug-resistant strains .
JB-95 acetate, a β-hairpin macrocyclic peptide, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. JB-95 acetate can selectively disrupt the outer membrane but not the inner membrane of E. coli .
Taurodeoxycholate (sodium salt) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurodeoxycholate (sodium salt). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) inhibits various inflammatory responses
.
DHODH-IN-20 (Compound 133) is a potent inhibitor of DHODH. DHODH is present in the inner membrane of human mitochondria and is an iron-containing flavin-dependent enzyme. DHODH-IN-20 inhibits tumor growth. DHODH-IN-20 has the potential for the research of acute myelogenous leukemia .
HDAC8-IN-7 (H7E), a HDAC8 inhibitor, exerts retinoprotective effects against glaucomatous injury via ameliorating aberrant Müller glia activation and oxidative stress. HDAC8-IN-7 alleviates functional and structural defects within the inner retina .
RO7196472 is a potent and selective macrocyclic peptide antibiotic that targets Acinetobacter strains. RO7196472 inhibits Acinetobacter strain activity by specifically binding to the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding site on the LptB2FG complex located on the inner membrane of Acinetobacter strains, thereby blocking LPS transport and suppressing Acinetobacter strain activity .
hDHODH-IN-12 is a potent DHODH inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.421 μM. DHODH is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine which is essential in DNA/RNA Synthesis. hDHODH-IN-12 is present in the inner membrane of human mitochondria.hDHODH-IN-12 can be used for the research of lung cancer .
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is a bile salt (Standard)-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
N14G-Fe, the Fe 3+-chelated form of N14G, identifies Mtb in sputum samples with tuberculosis, exhibiting exceptional fluorescence. N14G-Fe can effectively traverse the cell wall and inner membrane region where IrtAB is located .
Dihydrostreptomycin (sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dihydrostreptomycin (sulfate) (HY-B1241). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate (DHSM sulfate) is the sulfate salt form of Dihydrostreptomycin (HY-B1241A). Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with antibacterial effect against Gram-negative bacteria. Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate exhibits ototoxicity that causes irreversible damage in inner ear hair cells, leading to hearing loss .
Chloroethene (polymer) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chloroethene (polymer) (HY-W687022A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chloroethene polymer (Polyvinyl chloride) is an orally active vinyl chloride polymer. Chloroethene polymer is cytotoxic, reproductively toxic, and an endocrine disruptor. Chloroethene polymer can be used in the research of packaging inner surfaces, food wrapping paper, agricultural crop coverings, and plastic bottles .
DiSBAC10 is a voltage-sensitive fluorescent probe used to study cell membrane electrical activity in FRET assays. In a resting polarized cell, DiSBAC10 resides on the outer leaflet of the membrane where it accepts photons from excited fluorescein-labeled proteins and re-emits the photons at a higher wavelength. Depolarization of the cell causes rapid translocation of DiSBAC10 to the inner leaflet of the membrane, thereby increasing the distance between fluorophores and reducing the FRET signal.
Articaine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Articaine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Articaine (Hoe-045 free base) is an amide agent that can suppress or relieve pain. containing an ester group, reversibly binding to the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channels within the inner cavity of the nerve, can provide effective pain relief. Articaine ameliorates LPS-induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of NF-κB activation and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway .
Acid blue 1 free acid (Patent Blue V) is a novel biological dye that can be used as an intraocular dye for retinectomy. Retinectomy refers to the removal of the translucent inner limiting membrane (ILM). The application of appropriate dyes in vitreoretinal surgery can achieve the purpose of complete removal. Acid blue 1 free acid can be used to stain retinal premembranous structures. Spectral analysis shows that Acid blue 1 free acid has strong absorption below 450 nm and above 600 nm, showing a blue-green color. Acid blue 1 free acid is also used as a marker in lymphangiography for resection of neoplastic lymph nodes .
2-Aminobenzothiazole (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2-Aminobenzothiazole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2-Aminobenzothiazole acts as a caspase 3/7 activator, an anticancer cytotoxic agent, and also exhibits neurotoxicity. 2-Aminobenzothiazole drives the apoptotic pathway by activating caspase 3/7, induces mitochondrial inner membrane depolarization, and triggers both early and late apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway. In zebrafish models, 2-Aminobenzothiazole induces oxidative damage in brain tissues and inhibits genes related to GABA and 5-HT synthesis pathways. Long-term exposure to 2-Aminobenzothiazole impairs motor ability, social behavior, anxiety-like state and cognitive function. 2-Aminobenzothiazole can be used in studies of human laryngeal carcinoma and related neurotoxicity .
cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt (Palmitoleoylcarnitine (C16:1)) is a long-chain acylcarnitine controlling fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial function. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt accumulates in colorectal cancer cells. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt exists in plants and mediates lipid anabolic development. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt acts as a metabolic marker for type 1 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease plasma. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt can be used for research on diabetes, metabolism, and inflammatory bowel disease .
Carboxyatractyloside (CATR) is a tight-binding inhibitor of adenine nucleotide translocase, and represents the major toxic component of Xanthium sibiricum. Carboxyatractyloside competes with ADP for binding to the translocase, blocks the translocation of ADP/ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and thereby inhibits ADP-stimulated respiration. In the presence of Cyclosporin A (HY-B0579), Carboxyatractyloside still induces permeability transition in liver mitochondria of aged rats, exhibiting significant hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Carboxyatractyloside is widely used in studies related to hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and Alzheimer's disease .
CyLip-20 is a cyclic lipopeptide antimicrobial peptide that targets Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. CyLip-20 exhibits low hemolytic activity and mild in vivo toxicity. CyLip-20 disrupts the integrity of bacterial outer membrane, inner membrane and cytoplasmic membrane by binding to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), triggering membrane permeabilization, depolarization and leakage of intracellular contents, and inhibits bacterial biofilm formation. In animal models, CyLip-20 reduces the bacterial load in skin wounds of mice infected with MRSA, promotes wound healing, decreases the levels of inflammatory cytokines and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration. CyLip-20 can be used in research related to MRSA skin wound infections .
S-15176 difumarate is a compound with the activity of regulating mitochondrial membrane potential. S-15176 difumarate can act on the inner mitochondrial membrane to change the mitochondrial membrane potential.
2-(2-Hydroxy-5-methoxyphenoxy)-acrylic acid is a metabolite, which can be isolated from endophytic fungus Phoma macrostoma inhabiting the inner tissue of medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn .
PSFL2915 is a P2X receptor inhibitor with oral effectiveness, with an IC50 of 0.319 μM for human P2X3, 0.261 μM for rat P2X2/3, and 13.3 μM for human P2X2, and exhibits ~42-fold selectivity for human P2X3 over human P2X2. PSFL2915 inhibits human P2X3 activation by preventing allosteric tightening of the inner pocket of the head domain required for channel opening, with magnesium-dependent inhibition. PSFL2915 inhibits rat P2X2/3 and human P2X2 receptor activation, and has low activity against human P2X1, P2X4, and P2X7 receptors. PSFL2915 can be used for the research of chronic cough .
Siagoside is an inner ester of Ganglioside GM1 (HY-N10546). Siagoside selectively attenuates morphological and functional striatal impairments induced by transient forebrain ischemia in rats. Siagoside can be used for the research of neurological disease, such as acute cerebral ischemia .
2,4-TDI dimer is a dimer formed by the polymerization of two molecules of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (2,4-TDI). 2,4-TDI dimer is mainly used for the preparation of long-lasting inner layer materials for solid rocket engines .
AU1235 (Standard) is the analytical standard of AU1235 (HY-101867). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. AU1235, an adamantyl urea, is a potent MmpL3 inhibitor. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein MmpL3 performs an essential role in cell wall synthesis, since it effects the transport of trehalose monomycolates across the inner membrane .
Taurodeoxycholat-d4 sodium is the deuterium labeled Taurodeoxycholate sodium (HY-128853). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Bevemipretide trihydrochloride (SBT-272 trihydrochloride) is a blood-brain barrier-permeable mitochondrial function repair agent. Bevemipretide trihydrochloride stabilizes cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, restores mitochondrial structure, respiratory function, motor capacity and upper motor neuron health. Bevemipretide trihydrochloride reduces astrogliosis and microgliosis in mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Bevemipretide trihydrochloride prevents stroke-induced mitochondrial dysfunction . Bevemipretide trihydrochloride is applicable to research related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and Huntington's disease .
DD-S067 is an antibacterial peptide. DD-S067 exhibits multiple antibacterial mechanisms, including disrupting both the outer and inner bacterial membranes, and inducing ROS that trigger lipid peroxidation. DD-S067 inhibits the electron transport chain. DD-S067 demonstrates potent antibacterial activity, achieving a GM value of 4.1 μM against 27 MDR bacteria. DD-S067 exhibits significant protective effects in a CRAB-induced septic shock mouse model .
1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoate polyprenyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.74) catalyses a step in the synthesis of menaquinone, in which the prenyl chain synthesized by polyprenyl diphosphate synthase is transferred to 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoate (DHNA) . 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoate polyprenyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.74) is an inner membrane protein, with the C-terminus located in the periplasm. 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoate polyprenyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.74) is highly specific for DHNA but not for a specific length of the prenyl chain.
F3288-0031 is a brain-penetrant norepinephrine transporter (NET) allosteric inhibitor with inhibitory rates of 73.5% at 20 μM. F3288-0031 binds within the inner vestibule of NET, stabilizing the inward-open state and has a preferential NET/SERT inhibition with pIC50 = 5.9. F3288-0031 shows no detectable off-target functional activity in vitro. F3288-0031 demonstrates robust antidepressant-like efficacy in vivo without confounding locomotor effects, F3288-0031 can be used for depressive disorder and related neuropsychiatric conditions .
DHFR-IN-26 is an Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (ecDHFR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.75 nM. DHFR-IN-26 exerts broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. DHFR-IN-26 disrupts folate metabolism, nucleotide synthesis, and bacterial amino acid metabolic pathways. DHFR-IN-26 disrupts bacterial inner membranes, inhibited biofilm formation, and attenuated phage-related processes. DHFR-IN-26 shows lower toxicity to non-cancerous cells. DHFR-IN-26 can be used for the research of bacterial infections (including infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and lysogenic bacteria) .
wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 is a self-assembling β-hairpin antimicrobial peptide. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 self-assembles into nanofibers. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 interacts with LPS on the surface of the bacterial membrane and then disrupts the bacterial outer membrane, inner membrane, and cytoplasmic membrane to exert its antibacterial effects. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 has high antibacterial activity and low hemolytic activity. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 significantly reduces the S. aureus ATCC 25923 load at the skin wound. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 displays synergistic effects when combined with antibiotics. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 facilitates wound healing .
SHK1112218 is an orally active mitochondrial proton carrier with an EC50 of 0.48 μM. SHK1112218 restores proton transport and increases oxygen consumption rate. SHK1112218 can be used for the research of diabetes, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease .
ADP-Hep (ADP-heptose) is a precursor for lipopolysaccharide assembly in Gram-negative bacteria. ADP-Hep is used in studies of Escherichia coli infection .
Normal mitochondrial function is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis because mitochondria produce ATP and are the major intracellular source of free radicals. Cellular dysfunctions induced by intracellular or extracellular insults converge on mitochondria and induce a sudden increase in permeability on the inner mitochondrial membrane, the so-called mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MMPT). MMPT is caused by the opening of pores in the inner mitochondrial membrane, matrix swelling, and outer membrane rupture. The MMPT is an endpoint to initiate cell death because the pore opening together with the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c activates the apoptotic pathway of caspases.
The normal operation of mitochondrial function is important for maintaining normal cell death and treatment of mitochondrial diseases. MCE offers a unique collection of 1,014 compounds with identified and potential mitochondrial protective activity. MCE Mitochondrial Protection Compound Library is critical for drug discovery and development.
FM4-64 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
FM1-43 is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers.
N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine is a dye that fluoresces strongly when bound to the inner phospholipid bilayer of Gram-negative bacteria. N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine can be used to measure outer membrane permeability. N-Phenylnaphthalen-1-amine is a fluorescence probe for odorant-binding proteins (OBP) with a dissociation constant of 1.67 μM. N-Phenylnaphthalen-1-amine exhibits an excitation wavelength of 337 nM and an emission wavelength of 407 nM .
MitoPerOx is a mitochondrial-targeted, lipid peroxidation-indicating fluorescent probe with BODIPY581/591 fluorophores. The triphenylphosphine cation (TPP+) of MitoPerOx can be selectively enriched in mitochondria (depending on membrane potential) and can be used to detect lipid peroxidation in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Under the action of lipid peroxides, the BODIPY581/591 fluorophores of MitoPerOx shift their emission wavelength from 590 nm (reduced state) to 520 nm (oxidized state), and ratiometric detection can be performed at an excitation wavelength of 488 nm. MitoPerOx can specifically monitor the peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids (especially cardiolipin) and is used in the study of oxidative stress-related diseases (such as aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction)[1][2].
FM4-64 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM4-64 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM
MitoPerOx (solution) is a mitochondrial-targeted, lipid peroxidation-indicating fluorescent probe with BODIPY581/591 fluorophores. The triphenylphosphine cation (TPP+) of MitoPerOx can be selectively enriched in mitochondria (depending on membrane potential) and can be used to detect lipid peroxidation in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Under the action of lipid peroxides, the BODIPY581/591 fluorophores of MitoPerOx shift their emission wavelength from 590 nm (reduced state) to 520 nm (oxidized state) , and ratiometric detection can be performed at an excitation wavelength of 488 nm. MitoPerOx can specifically monitor the peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids (especially cardiolipin) and is used in the study of oxidative stress-related diseases (such as aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction) . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 2 mM
FM1-43 (solution) is a very lipophilic, water-soluble styrene dyes, can specifically bind to cell membranes and inner membrane organelles to produce fluorescence. FM1-43 is widely used in endocytic and exospic membrane structure markers. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 10 mM
HBmito Crimson is a deep red fluorescent probe (λex: 658 nm, λem: 678 nm) for the inner mitochondrial membrane. HBmito Crimson is a cell membrane-permeable probe with high selectivity for the mitochondrial inner membrane, suitable for specific fluorescence staining of the inner mitochondrial membrane in living cells. HBmito Crimson has high photostability and brightness, suitable for long-term dynamic fluorescence imaging.
Rhodamine 101 inner salt is a bright fluorescent dye with excitation and emission maxima at 565 and 595 nm, respectively. It can be used in various biological applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and ELISA.
N14G-Fe, the Fe 3+-chelated form of N14G, identifies Mtb in sputum samples with tuberculosis, exhibiting exceptional fluorescence. N14G-Fe can effectively traverse the cell wall and inner membrane region where IrtAB is located .
DiSBAC10 is a voltage-sensitive fluorescent probe used to study cell membrane electrical activity in FRET assays. In a resting polarized cell, DiSBAC10 resides on the outer leaflet of the membrane where it accepts photons from excited fluorescein-labeled proteins and re-emits the photons at a higher wavelength. Depolarization of the cell causes rapid translocation of DiSBAC10 to the inner leaflet of the membrane, thereby increasing the distance between fluorophores and reducing the FRET signal.
Acid blue 1 free acid (Patent Blue V) is a novel biological dye that can be used as an intraocular dye for retinectomy. Retinectomy refers to the removal of the translucent inner limiting membrane (ILM). The application of appropriate dyes in vitreoretinal surgery can achieve the purpose of complete removal. Acid blue 1 free acid can be used to stain retinal premembranous structures. Spectral analysis shows that Acid blue 1 free acid has strong absorption below 450 nm and above 600 nm, showing a blue-green color. Acid blue 1 free acid is also used as a marker in lymphangiography for resection of neoplastic lymph nodes .
Cholesterol Water Soluble is a major sterol in mammals, constituting 20-25% of the structural composition of the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol Water Soluble plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of membranes and the function of transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol Water Soluble is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist. Cholesterol Water Soluble can be used to study the effects of cholesterol on potassium currents in inner hair cells . (Note: This product is a mixture of Cholesterol and Methyl-β-cyclodextrin. The product specifications below only indicate the effective content of Cholesterol.)
1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (SAPE) is a naturally-occurring phospholipid that can be found in inner mitochondrial membrane (MITO) .
POPSO is a zwitterionic buffer, increases osmolality and shows marked inhibition of anion uniport. POPSO inhibits chloride uniport with an IC50 value of 24 mM. POPSO enhances copper uptake and toxicity in alga, impairs mitochondrial inner membrane. The working pH range of POPSO sesquisodium salt is 7.2-8.5 .
S-15176 difumarate is a compound with the activity of regulating mitochondrial membrane potential. S-15176 difumarate can act on the inner mitochondrial membrane to change the mitochondrial membrane potential.
Cereulide is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable emetic toxin. Cereulide acts as a potassium ionophore that inserts into membranes, forms complexes with K +, and transports K + from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. Cereulide disrupts the electrochemical gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane, leading to mitochondrial swelling and dysfunction, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of ATP synthesis, ROS accumulation, and ultimately triggering apoptosis and autophagy. Cereulide exhibits multi-organ toxicity and can be used for research on emetic food poisoning .
JB-95, a β-hairpin macrocyclic peptide, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. JB-95 can selectively disrupt the outer membrane but not the inner membrane of E. coli .
Citrocin is a potent bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) inhibitor. Citrocin shows significant inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli RNAP with an MIC range of 16-125 μM. Citrocin specifically binds to and inhibits RNA polymerase to block bacterial transcription and enters cells mainly through inner membrane protein SbmA. Citrocin is promising for research of Gram-negative bacterial infections, such as enterohemorrhagic E. coli .
BTM-P1 is a polycationic peptide that exhibits antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. BTM-P1 can form ion-permeable channels in the inner mitochondrial membrane to interfere with mitochondrial energy processes .
T100-Mut is a cell-permeable peptide whose N-terminus is conjugated with a myristoylated group to enable T100-Mut to penetrate and localize to the inner side of the plasma membrane, thus mimicking the topology of Tmem100-3Q. T100-Mut can alleviate TRPA1-mediated pain .
HVF18-a3-d is an antimicrobial peptide. HVF18-a3-d reduces NO production. HVF18-a3-d inhibits the production of TNF-α and IL-6, reduces ROS production, and suppresses the TLR4 signaling pathway, as well as LPS-induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK. HVF18-a3-d exhibits antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria by disrupting their outer and inner membranes. HVF18-a3-d protects mice from fatal septic shock induced by Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to Carbapenem. HVF18-a3-d shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects .
Hair cell targeting-peptide A665 is a hair cell targeting-peptide that specifically binds to the prestin protein on the surface of inner ear hair cells. Hair cell targeting-peptide A665 can be modified on the surface of nanocarriers and work in synergy with cell-penetrating peptides to enhance the permeability of the cylindrical window membrane, helping loaded drugs cross the blood-labyrinth barrier and enter the inner ear .
JB-95 acetate, a β-hairpin macrocyclic peptide, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. JB-95 acetate can selectively disrupt the outer membrane but not the inner membrane of E. coli .
CLIKKPF is a specific peptide segment. CLIKKPF can bind with phosphatidylserine (PS) in the inner layer of the cell membrane with high affinity. CLIKKPF can enhance the targeting ability of nanoparticles. CLIKKPF can be used for research on cardiovascular conditions .
RO7196472 is a potent and selective macrocyclic peptide antibiotic that targets Acinetobacter strains. RO7196472 inhibits Acinetobacter strain activity by specifically binding to the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding site on the LptB2FG complex located on the inner membrane of Acinetobacter strains, thereby blocking LPS transport and suppressing Acinetobacter strain activity .
MGCVQCKDKEA is an 11-residue membrane-anchoring motif derived from the Src kinase Fyn. MGCVQCKDKEA can promote the cell surface expression of TMC1/2 proteins. MGCVQCKDKEA can be used in the research of inner ear mechanical conduction channel-related diseases .
CyLip-20 is a cyclic lipopeptide antimicrobial peptide that targets Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. CyLip-20 exhibits low hemolytic activity and mild in vivo toxicity. CyLip-20 disrupts the integrity of bacterial outer membrane, inner membrane and cytoplasmic membrane by binding to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), triggering membrane permeabilization, depolarization and leakage of intracellular contents, and inhibits bacterial biofilm formation. In animal models, CyLip-20 reduces the bacterial load in skin wounds of mice infected with MRSA, promotes wound healing, decreases the levels of inflammatory cytokines and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration. CyLip-20 can be used in research related to MRSA skin wound infections .
CLIKKPF acetate is a specific peptide segment. CLIKKPF acetate can bind strongly to phosphatidylserine (PS) on the inner layer of the cell membrane. CLIKKPF acetate can enhance the targeting ability of nanoparticles. CLIKKPF acetate can be used in the research of cardiovascular diseases .
DD-S067 is an antibacterial peptide. DD-S067 exhibits multiple antibacterial mechanisms, including disrupting both the outer and inner bacterial membranes, and inducing ROS that trigger lipid peroxidation. DD-S067 inhibits the electron transport chain. DD-S067 demonstrates potent antibacterial activity, achieving a GM value of 4.1 μM against 27 MDR bacteria. DD-S067 exhibits significant protective effects in a CRAB-induced septic shock mouse model .
wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 is a self-assembling β-hairpin antimicrobial peptide. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 self-assembles into nanofibers. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 interacts with LPS on the surface of the bacterial membrane and then disrupts the bacterial outer membrane, inner membrane, and cytoplasmic membrane to exert its antibacterial effects. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 has high antibacterial activity and low hemolytic activity. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 significantly reduces the S. aureus ATCC 25923 load at the skin wound. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 displays synergistic effects when combined with antibiotics. wkwkwNGwkwkw-NH2 facilitates wound healing .
Cholesterol Water Soluble is a major sterol in mammals, constituting 20-25% of the structural composition of the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol Water Soluble plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of membranes and the function of transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol Water Soluble is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist. Cholesterol Water Soluble can be used to study the effects of cholesterol on potassium currents in inner hair cells . (Note: This product is a mixture of Cholesterol and Methyl-β-cyclodextrin. The product specifications below only indicate the effective content of Cholesterol.)
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholic acid is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholic acid is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Squalamine (MSI-1256) is an aminosterol compound with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Squalamine makes cells less conducive to certain viral replication by altering the electrostatic interactions in the inner membrane of host cells. Squalamine also has antibacterial and antitumor activities. Squalamine has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Squalamine inhibits tumor-related angiogenesis and the growth of human breast cancer cells. Squalamine restores the function of enteric nervous system in Parkinson ,s disease mouse models .
Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Cereulide is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable emetic toxin. Cereulide acts as a potassium ionophore that inserts into membranes, forms complexes with K +, and transports K + from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. Cereulide disrupts the electrochemical gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane, leading to mitochondrial swelling and dysfunction, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of ATP synthesis, ROS accumulation, and ultimately triggering apoptosis and autophagy. Cereulide exhibits multi-organ toxicity and can be used for research on emetic food poisoning .
Equisetin is an N-methylserine-derived acyl tetramic acid, quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI), herbicides and antibiotics. Equisetin specifically inhibits the anionic carriers of substrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Equisetin inhibits the activity of HIV-1 integrase, 11β-HSD1, and 2,4-dinitrophenol (Dnp)-stimulated ATPase (IC50 = ~8 nmol per mg of protein). Equisetin exhibits growth inhibition of bacteria, anti-inflammatory, amelioration of lipid-associated disorders, and cytotoxic effects .
Taurodeoxycholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurodeoxycholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholic acid is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholic acid is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects[1][2][3][9][10].
Catechin-7-O-β-D-xylopyranoside is an antioxidant compound with strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability. Catechin-7-O-β-D-xylopyranoside can be extracted from birch inner bark and nepeta stem bark .
Mito-laurdan bromide, a derivative of Laurdan (HY-D0080), is a fluorescent probe. Mito-laurdan bromide contains a cationic triphenylphosphonium moiety, which accumulates at the inner mitochondrial membrane due to its negative membrane potential, connected via a 3 carbon linker .
Taurodeoxycholate (sodium salt) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurodeoxycholate (sodium salt). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) inhibits various inflammatory responses
.
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is a bile salt (Standard)-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Articaine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Articaine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Articaine (Hoe-045 free base) is an amide agent that can suppress or relieve pain. containing an ester group, reversibly binding to the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channels within the inner cavity of the nerve, can provide effective pain relief. Articaine ameliorates LPS-induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of NF-κB activation and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway .
2-(2-Hydroxy-5-methoxyphenoxy)-acrylic acid is a metabolite, which can be isolated from endophytic fungus Phoma macrostoma inhabiting the inner tissue of medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn .
The TIM-14 protein is an important component of the PAM complex and is required for the transport of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane to the mitochondrial matrix using ATP. TIM-14 Protein, S.cerevisiae is the recombinant TIM-14 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.
TIM-16 protein is an important component of the PAM complex, which uses ATP to promote the transfer of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane to the mitochondrial matrix. TIM-16 Protein, S. cerevisiae is the recombinant TIM-16 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.
Cereulide- 13C6 is a deuterated form of Cereulide. Cereulide is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable emetic toxin. Cereulide acts as a potassium ionophore that inserts into membranes, forms complexes with K +, and transports K + from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. Cereulide disrupts the electrochemical gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane, leading to mitochondrial swelling and dysfunction, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of ATP synthesis, ROS accumulation, and ultimately triggering apoptosis and autophagy. Cereulide exhibits multi-organ toxicity and can be used for research on emetic food poisoning.
Bongkrekic acid- 13C28 is the 13C labeled Bongkrekic acid (HY-136406). Bongkrekic acid is a mitochondrial toxin secreted by the bacteria Pseudomonas cocovenenans. Bongkrekic acid specific ligand for mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) rather than the electron transport chain. Bongkrekic acid has to cross the mitochondrial inner membrane to produce its inhibitory effect on ADP/ATP transport .
Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
Taurodeoxycholat-d4 sodium is the deuterium labeled Taurodeoxycholate sodium (HY-128853). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects .
binds and activates aurora B and C in vivo and in vitro antibody; Chromosomal passenger protein antibody; INCE_HUMAN antibody; INCENP antibody; inner centromere protein antibody; inner centromere protein antigens 135/155kDa antibody; inner centromere protein antigens 135kD 155kD antibody; inner centromere protein INCENP antibody
ICC/IF, IHC-P, FC
Human
INCENP Antibody (YA6960) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated IgG1 monoclonal antibody, targeting to INCENP.
binds and activates aurora B and C in vivo and in vitro antibody; Chromosomal passenger protein antibody; INCE_HUMAN antibody; INCENP antibody; inner centromere protein antibody; inner centromere protein antigens 135/155kDa antibody; inner centromere protein antigens 135kD 155kD antibody; inner centromere protein INCENP antibody
ICC/IF, IHC-P, FC
Human
INCENP Antibody (YA6960) is a Mouse-derived and non-conjugated IgG1 monoclonal antibody, targeting to INCENP.
Ebio3 is a selective potassium channel (KCNQ2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.2 nM. Ebio3 binds to the KCNQ2 channel through its hydrophobic tail, causing the S6 helix to move inward, which leads to the closure of the inner gate. The inhibitory effect of Ebio3 is also effective in pathogenic mutants of KCNQ2 (such as R75C and I238L), where it can inhibit outward currents by more than 80%. Ebio3 is expected to be used in the research of neurological diseases such as epilepsy .
Cholesterol Water Soluble is a major sterol in mammals, constituting 20-25% of the structural composition of the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol Water Soluble plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of membranes and the function of transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol Water Soluble is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist. Cholesterol Water Soluble can be used to study the effects of cholesterol on potassium currents in inner hair cells . (Note: This product is a mixture of Cholesterol and Methyl-β-cyclodextrin. The product specifications below only indicate the effective content of Cholesterol.)
Cardiolipin (16:0/18:1/16:0/18:1) (16:0-18:1 Cardiolipin) sodium is a di-saturated mitochondrial-specific anionic phospholipid sodium salt containing the long-chain fatty acid palmitic acid (HY-N0830) and the monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid (HY-N1446). Cardiolipin (16:0/18:1/16:0/18:1) sodium undergoes in-source fragmentation via diglyceride (DG)-H2O fragment formation and (DG-H2O) fragment loss pathways. Cardiolipin (16:0/18:1/16:0/18:1) sodium can be used in the synthesis of lipid nanodiscs for application in in situ mass spectrometry .
18:0 Cardiolipin (CL) is a polyglycerophospholipid synthesized in mitochondria, playing a crucial role in mitochondrial bioenergetics and signaling. Exclusively found in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes, 18:0 CL exhibits a complex structure characterized by its unique chain length and degree of saturation, along with the specific arrangements of its four fatty acid substituents.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
MedchemExpress Validation 03
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
MedchemExpress Validation 04
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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