Sorghum bicolor (Linn.) Moench

Obtusifoliol is a specific CYP51 inhibitor, Obtusifoliol shows the affinity with K_d values of 1.2 μM and 1.4 μM for Trypanosoma brucei (TB) and human CYP51, respectively.

Luteolinidin chloride is a deoxyanthocyanidin isolated from the plant Sorghum bicolor with antioxidant activity. Luteolinidin chloride is a potent CD38 inhibitor (K_i=11.4 μM) and protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury by preserving endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) function and preventing endothelial dysfunction. Luteolinidin chloride is also a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=3.7 μM) and blocks the production of melanin.

Dhurrin is a cyanogenic glucoside isolated from Sorghum.

cis-Sinapinic acid (cis-Sinapic acid) is a phenolic compound. cis-Sinapinic acid can be isolated from rapeseed.

Prehelminthosporolactone acts as a phytotoxin.

1-(4-Hydroxybenzoyl)glucose, a natural product found in Moricandia arvensis, Rhodiola chrysanthemifolia, acts as a bifunctional acyl and glucosyl donor.

Apigeninidin (Gesneridin) chloride, a 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin, is a fungal growth inhibitor. Apigeninidin chloride is a bioactive red biocolorant.

Sorgoleone is a photosystem II inhibitor found in sorghum. Sorgoleone binds to the Q_B niche of the D1 protein, inhibits photosynthetic electron transport, and does not affect photosystem I reactions. Sorgoleone reduces radicle elongation and stunts growth. Sorgoleone inhibits CO₂-dependent oxygen evolution, photosynthetic O₂ evolution, and mitochondrial respiration. Sorgoleone can be used as a herbicide.

1-O-Caffeoylglycerol is a compound with anti-inflammatory activity found in Sorghum bicolor. 1-O-Caffeoylglycerol significantly inhibits LPS (HY-D1056) induced NO production (IC₅₀ = 18.5 μM) and dose dependently inhibits iNOS protein expression. 1-O-Caffeoylglycerol can be used for research on inflammatory conditions.

(+)-Sorgomol is the plants hormone that can be isolated from Sorghum bicolor. (+)-Sorgomol is the germination stimulant for plants, which induces seed germination of root parasites.