Infection

Taurolidine is a potent antimicrobial and anticancer agent. Taurolidine inhibits cell proliferation. Taurolidine induces apoptosis and autophagy. Taurolidine rescues mice from sepsis-associated lethality.

5-Bromoindolin-2-one (5-Bromooxindole) is a synthetic intermediate. 5-Bromoindolin-2-one can be used for the synthesis of CDK2 inhibitors and antibacterial agents.

Flurofamide is an effective bacterial urease inhibitor and antibacterial agent. Flurofamide inhibits urease and partially inhibits the chemotactic activity of Helicobacter pylori strain CPY3401. Flurofamide inhibits the growth of Ureaplasma urealyticum. Flurofamide reduces blood ammonia. Flurofamide can be used in the research of infectious urinary stones.

Schizophyllan (SPG) is an orally active extracellular β-glucan produced by the fungus Schizophyllum commune. Schizophyllan improves mitochondrial function and protects against metabolic liver injury by activating the SIRT3 pathway. Schizophyllan inhibits osteoclastogenesis and promotes osteoblast differentiation by suppressing the phosphorylation of JNK/p38, as well as downregulating PGC1β/PPARγ, c-Fos and NFATc1. Recognized via Dectin-1, schizophyllan enables precise delivery of oligonucleotide drugs and antigens to antigen-presenting cells, thus holding great potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and vaccine development.

Fenpropimorph is a fungicide that inhibits the sterol pathway. Fenpropimorph inhibits δ8-δ7-sterol isomerase in yeast at low concentrations, with δ14-sterol reductase being blocked at higher levels, preventing the biosynthesis of ergosterol. Fenpropimorph also inhibits sterol synthesis in certain plants and mammalian cells.

Sulfacetamide (Sulphacetamide) is a sulfonamide antibiotic. Sulfacetamide has antifungal and antibacterial activities. Sulfacetamide is employed as a topical formulation in various ophthalmic, dermatological, and hair solutions against bacterial infections, acne and scalp conditions. Sulfacetamide targets bacterial folic acid synthesis and is effective against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Sulfacetamide inhibits the synthesis of both dihydro-folic acid and para-aminobenzoic acid. Sulfacetamide can be used for the study of ocular infections.

Toltrazuril (BAY-i 9142) is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites.

Resveratrol-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Resveratrol. Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol; SRT501), a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol (SRT 501) has a wide spectrum of targets including mTOR, JAK, β-amyloid, Adenylyl cyclase, IKKβ, DNA polymerase. Resveratrol also is a specific SIRT1 activator. Resveratrol is a potent pregnane X receptor (PXR) inhibitor. Resveratrol is an Nrf2 activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury in mice model. Resveratrol increases production of NO in endothelial cells.

D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate is an orally active inhibitor of LecA (K_d = 32 μM) and GtfC. D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate reduces cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) by increased activity of a c-di-GMP specific phosphodiesterase. D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate interferes with GTF function. D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate decreases IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA. D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate exhibits biofilm-inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus mutans and inhibits allergic airway eosinophilia.

Ascr#5 is a highly conserved ascaroside isolated from Caenorhabditis elegans.

Galactinol is a disaccharide carbohydrate serving as a galactosyl donor, which belongs to the raffinose family oligosaccharide pathway and acts as an important osmoprotectant. Galactinol not only induces disease resistance in plants against fungal and bacterial pathogens, but also significantly enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, low temperature and oxidative damage. In addition, Galactinol has the ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, can act as a signaling component for root colonization-induced systemic resistance, and is positively correlated with seed longevity in various crops, making it a potential biomarker for evaluating seed vigor. Therefore, Galactinol can be used in the research of various plant diseases including fungal leaf spot, bacterial angular leaf spot, gray mold and soft rot.

Telavancin hydrochloride (TD-6424 hydrochloride) is a bactericidal agent that exhibits inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Telavancin hydrochloride inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the lipid-linked N-acetylglucosamine-N-muramyl pentapeptide (with a D-Ala-D-Ala terminus), a peptidoglycan precursor, and blocks the transglycosylation and transpeptidation steps. Telavancin hydrochloride disrupts bacterial membrane barrier function, induces dissipation of bacterial membrane potential, and causes leakage of cytoplasmic ATP and potassium ions, with its activity restricted exclusively to bacterial membranes. Telavancin hydrochloride can be used in research on bacterial infections, central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections, and Gram-positive bacterial pneumonia.

Bromfenac sodium is a potent and orally active inhibitor of COX, with IC₅₀s of 5.56 and 7.45 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Bromfenac sodium can be used in ocular inflammation research.

Brevianamide F (Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Trp)) is a mycotoxin isolated from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, with antibacterial activity. Brevianamide F shows potent PI3Kα inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ of 4.8 μM.

Chitosan (Deacetylated chitin) (≥90% deacetylated, Low viscosity,<200mPa.s) is a polysaccharide obtained by deacetylating chitin, and exhibits antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi.

DB772 hydrate is a bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) inhibitor. DB772 also has anti-prion activity.

Tellimagrandin II (Eugeniin), with oral activity, is the first intermediate of the ellagitannin series derived from ⁴C₁-glucose. It inhibits the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus by disrupting the integrity of the cell wall, leading to the loss of cytoplasmic contents. Additionally, Tellimagrandin II exhibits anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, improving memory impairment. Tellimagrandin II holds potential for research in the fields of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Temporin A is a short alpha-helical antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of the frog Rana temporaria. Temporin A is effective against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria. Temporin A interacts directly with the cell membrane of the microorganism and it is non-toxic to erythrocytes at concentrations that are antimicrobial. Temporin A also has antifungal activities (against yeast-like Candida albicans).

Chloramphenicol succinate sodium is a prodrug of Chloramphenicol (HY-B0239), acting as a P2Y14R inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 1.585 nM. Chloramphenicol succinate sodium serves as a competitive substrate and inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which may account for its toxicity. Chloramphenicol succinate sodium exerts a significant inhibitory effect on colitis. Chloramphenicol succinate sodium can be used in research related to myelosuppression, gray baby syndrome, aplastic anemia, bacterial meningitis and inflammatory bowel disease.

trans-Cinnamic acid-d₇ is the deuterium labeled trans-Cinnamic acid. trans-Cinnamic acid is a natural antimicrobial, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/mL against fish pathogen A. sobria, SY-AS1.