SKF-96365
Based on 27 publication(s) in Google Scholar
SKF-96365 is a TRPC channel antagonist and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitor. SKF-96365 reduces calcium ion influx by inhibiting the activity and expression of TRPC6, STIM1 and Orai1. SKF-96365 inhibits voltage-gated sodium current (cardiac INa/NaV1.5) and slows myocardial conduction. SKF-96365 inhibits phosphorylation/activation of CaMKIIγ and suppresses the downstream AKT signaling pathway. SKF-96365 induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and cytoprotective autophagy in colorectal cancer cells. SKF-96365 alleviates allergic rhinitis symptoms by reducing inflammatory cytokine levels. SKF-96365 reduces intracellular calcium overload, inhibits Homer1 expression, prevents nuclear damage and suppresses apoptosis. SKF-96365 inhibits the growth of colorectal cancer xenografts in nude mice. SKF-96365 is applicable to research related to allergic rhinitis, colorectal cancer, Parkinson's disease, persistent spontaneous nociception and hyperalgesia.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.97%
- CAS No.: 162849-90-3
- Formula: C22H26N2O3
- Molecular Weight:366.45
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Storage:Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) SKF-96365
More- Nat Immunol. 2026 May;27(5):949-960. [Abstract]
- Bioact Mater. 2021 Apr 21;6(11):4073-4082. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Differ. 2025 Nov 10. [Abstract]
- Autophagy. 2021 Nov;17(11):3592-3606. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Dec 22:e09056. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 Oct 19;e2202857. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2021 May 25;11(15):7379-7390. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2021 Mar 5;11(10):5045-5060. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2020 May 16;10(14):6483-6499. [Abstract]
- Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Jan;178(2):346-362. [Abstract]
- Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Apr 24;16(1):206. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2024 Apr 23;43(4):114095. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Jan 10;72(1):140-152. [Abstract]
- Acta Physiol. 2023 Apr;237(4):e13926. [Abstract]
- Chem Biol Interact. 2025 May 28:111577. [Abstract]
- Cells. 2023 May 24;12(11):1461. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jul 14:12:684538. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 15:1003:177900. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2019 Sep;33(9):9775-9784. [Abstract]
- J Neuroendocrinol. 2020 Jun;32(6):e12876. [Abstract]
- Mol Cell Biochem. 2024 Sep;479(9):2365-2379. [Abstract]
- Heliyon. 2024 Jul 6;10(14):e33994. [Abstract]
- Front Physiol. 2021 Mar 9:12:639857. [Abstract]
- Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2019 Aug 5;51(8):767-777. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Pharmacol. 2023 Dec 8;75(12):1530-1543. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Sep 19:785:152676. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2024 Jun 11.
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WB
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IF
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RT-PCR
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WB
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Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
All Calcium Channel Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
SKF-96365 (0-10 μM; applied until steady-state inhibition is reached) inhibits hNaV1.5 currents stably expressed in HEK 293 cells, with an IC50 of 0.94 μM[2].
SKF-96365 (0-20 μM) dose-dependently inhibits store-operated calcium entry in human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29[3].
SKF-96365 (0-40 μM, 48-72 h) inhibits the growth of human colorectal cancer cells HCT116 (IC50 = 10.88 μM) and HT29 (IC50 = 14.56 μM), and exhibits significantly lower toxicity against normal colonic epithelial cells NCM460[3].
SKF-96365 (0-20 μM, 48 h) induces G2/M cell cycle arrest in human colorectal cancer cells HCT116 and HT29 by regulating key G2/M transition proteins, including upregulating p21waf/Cip1 and downregulating p-Cdc25c, Cdc25c, and Cyclin B[3].
SKF-96365 (10 μM, 0-24 h) induces apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 via the endogenous mitochondrial pathway, a process characterized by early (12 h) mitochondrial membrane depolarization, Bax translocation and cytochrome c release, followed by caspase activation and marked apoptosis (24 h)[3].
SKF-96365 (0-20 μM, 12 h) induces cytoprotective autophagy in human colorectal cancer cells HCT116 and HT29. This effect appears as early as 12 h (prior to apoptosis) and antagonizes apoptosis by sequestering mitochondria into autophagosomes to reduce cytosolic cytochrome c levels[3].
SKF-96365 (0-20 μM, 24 h) inhibits the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and the calcium/Ca2+/CaMKIIγ/AKT signaling pathway in human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29[3].
SKF-96365 (1-50 μM, 24 h) significantly increases the survival rate of PC12 cells treated with MPP+, reduces LDH release, alleviates nuclear damage, membrane damage, and late apoptotic cell death, mitigates intracellular calcium overload, and decreases the mRNA and protein expression levels of Homer1[4].
SKF-96365 (1-10 µM) inhibits melittin-induced inward currents in acutely isolated small and medium-sized dorsal root ganglion cells of rats in a dose-dependent manner[5].
SKF-96365 (10 µM) inhibits melittin-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation, and the proportion of cells exhibiting this inhibitory effect reaches 46.5% in acutely isolated rat dorsal root ganglion cells sensitive to melittin[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:PC12 (adrenal gland pheochromocytoma) cells
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Concentration:1 μM, 10 μM, 50 μM
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Incubation Time:30 min pretreatment before MPP+ insult; 24 h post-MPP+ measurement
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Result:Significantly inhibited the MPP+-induced decrease in cell viability at 10 μM and 50 μM, with viability levels significantly higher than the MPP+-treated vehicle group.
Did not show a significant effect on cell viability compared to the vehicle group at 1 μM.
Did not affect cell viability in untreated normal PC12 cells at all tested concentrations.
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Cell Line:PC12 cells
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Concentration:50 μM
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Incubation Time:30 min pretreatment before MPP+ insult; 24 h post-MPP+ flow cytometry
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Result:Increased the percentage of normal (AV-/PI-) cells compared to the MPP+-treated vehicle group.
Decreased the percentage of late apoptotic (AV+/PI+) cells compared to the MPP+-treated vehicle group.
Showed no significant effect on necrotic (AV-/PI+) cells.
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Cell Line:PC12 cells
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Concentration:50 μM
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Incubation Time:30 min pretreatment before MPP+ insult; measured at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h post-MPP+
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Result:Significantly decreased Homer1 mRNA expression in a time-dependent manner, with significant reductions observed at 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h post-MPP+ insult compared to the MPP+-treated vehicle group.
MPP+ alone did not alter Homer1 mRNA expression compared to untreated control cells.
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Cell Line:PC12 cells
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Concentration:50 μM
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Incubation Time:30 min pretreatment before MPP+ insult; measured at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h post-MPP+
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Result:Significantly decreased Homer1 protein expression in a time-dependent manner, with significant reductions observed at 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h post-MPP+ insult compared to the MPP+-treated vehicle group.
MPP+ alone did not alter Homer1 protein expression compared to untreated control cells.
SKF-96365 (20 mg/kg; i.p.; once daily for 14 consecutive days) inhibits the growth of colorectal cancer xenografts in athymic BALB/c nude mice by inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and protective autophagy via suppressing the CaMKIIγ/AKT-mediated pathway[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:athymic BALB/c nude (5-6-week-old female; subcutaneous xenograft model via HCT116 cell inoculation)[3]
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Dosage:20 mg/kg
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Administration:i.p.; daily; 14 days
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Result:Reduced tumor growth compared to vehicle control.
Decreased tumor tissue expression of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).
Increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and LC3-II.
Decreased levels of phosphorylated CaMKII (p-CaMKII) and p-AKT in tumor lysates via western blot analysis.
Increased levels of LC3-II, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9 in tumor lysates via western blot analysis.
Caused no significant weight loss or liver/kidney injury.
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Animal Model:BALB/c (female; allergic rhinitis model via intraperitoneal sensitization and intranasal challenge)[1]
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Dosage:200 μg; 400 μg
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Administration:i.n.; once daily; 8 days (1 hour before ovalbumin challenge)
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Result:Significantly reduced frequencies of sneezing and nasal rubbing compared to untreated allergic rhinitis mice, with the 400 μg dose being more effective than the 200 μg dose.
Significantly decreased serum levels of OVA-specific IgE, histamine, and LTC4 compared to untreated allergic rhinitis mice, with greater reductions observed in the 400 μg group.
Significantly decreased nasal lavage fluid levels of OVA-specific IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-33 compared to untreated allergic rhinitis mice, with greater reductions observed in the 400 μg group.
Significantly decreased counts of total inflammatory cells, eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in nasal lavage fluid compared to untreated allergic rhinitis mice, with greater reductions observed in the 400 μg group.
Reduced eosinophil counts in nasal mucosa compared to untreated allergic rhinitis mice, with the 400 μg dose producing more pronounced effects than the 200 μg dose.
Downregulated TRPC6 immunolabeling in nasal mucosa compared to untreated allergic rhinitis mice, with the 400 μg dose producing more pronounced effects than the 200 μg dose.
Decreased nasal mucosa mRNA levels of TRPC6, STIM1, and Orai1 compared to untreated allergic rhinitis mice, with the 400 μg dose producing more pronounced effects than the 200 μg dose.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 162849-90-3
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Appearance Oil
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Molecular Weight 366.45
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Formula C22H26N2O3
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Color Colorless to light yellow
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SMILES
COC1=CC=C(CCCOC(C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2)CN3C=CN=C3)C=C1
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (27)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Immunol
Lipid asymmetry disruption by XKR8 orchestrates neutrophil extracellular trap formation and inhibits fungal infection. [Abstract]2026 May;27(5):949-960. PMID: 41781710 -
Bioact Mater
Improved activity of MC3T3-E1 cells by the exciting piezoelectric BaTiO3/TC4 using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. [Abstract]2021 Apr 21;6(11):4073-4082. PMID: 33997494
SKF-96365 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2021 Apr 21;6(11):4073-4082. [Abstract]
Intracellular calcium fluorescence staining of MC3T3-E1 cells on day 1 in a blank and samples inhibited by verapamil (10 μmol/L, 24 h) or SKF-96365 (10 μmol/L, 24 h).
SKF-96365 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2021 Apr 21;6(11):4073-4082. [Abstract]
SKF-96365 (100 μM; 2 h) significantly inhibits the mRNA levels of the HSV-1 UL30 gene in Trpv2fl/fl BMDCs but not in Lyz2-Cre;Trpv2fl/fl BMDCs.
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Cell Death Differ
OR2T6 modulates autophagy through the PPP3CA-mediated pathways to suppress gastric cancer. [Abstract]2025 Nov 10. PMID: 41214150 -
Autophagy
Cannabidiol inhibits human glioma by induction of lethal mitophagy through activating TRPV4. [Abstract]2021 Nov;17(11):3592-3606. PMID: 33629929 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Hyperviscous Diabetic Bone Marrow Niche Impairs BMSCs Osteogenesis via TRPV2-Mediated Cytoskeletal-Nuclear Mechanotransduction. [Abstract]2025 Dec 22:e09056. PMID: 41431162 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) Channel Facilitates Virus Infection Through the Ca2+ -LRMDA Axis in Myeloid Cells. [Abstract]2022 Oct 19;e2202857. PMID: 36261399 -
Theranostics
TRPV2-spike protein interaction mediates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into macrophages in febrile conditions. [Abstract]2021 May 25;11(15):7379-7390. PMID: 34158856 -
Theranostics
FGF19/SOCE/NFATc2 signaling circuit facilitates the self-renewal of liver cancer stem cells. [Abstract]2021 Mar 5;11(10):5045-5060. PMID: 33754043
SKF-96365 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2021 Mar 5;11(10):5045-5060. [Abstract]
WB were applied to measure levels of Nanog, Oct-4, Sox2 and ALB in FGF19 (100 ng/ml) treated NCSCs, in the presence of SKF-96365 (5 µM) or not.
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Theranostics
STIM1 is a metabolic checkpoint regulating the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2020 May 16;10(14):6483-6499. PMID: 32483465
SKF-96365 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2020 May 16;10(14):6483-6499. [Abstract]
Transwell assays were performed to detect the effects of different concentrations SKF-96365 on the invasion ability of Snail1 OE-SMMC7721 and HepG2 cells. The results show that SKF-96365 (2-5 μM) enhances the invasive ability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with Snail1 overexpression.
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Br J Pharmacol
Small intestinal glucose and sodium absorption through calcium-induced calcium release and store-operated Ca2+ entry mechanisms. [Abstract]2021 Jan;178(2):346-362. PMID: 33080043 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
2025 Apr 24;16(1):206. PMID: 40275329
SKF-96365 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Apr 24;16(1):206. [Abstract]
Western blot analysis of CaMKK2, AMPK activation and RUNX2 in MSCs after osteogenic differentiation for 72 h treated with TRP channel blocker SKF-96,365 hydrochloride (SKF, 2 µM) under control and nZnO (5 µg/mL) conditions.
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Cell Rep
Viral infection and spread are inhibited by the polyubiquitination and downregulation of TRPV2 channel by the interferon-stimulated gene TRIM21. [Abstract]2024 Apr 23;43(4):114095. PMID: 38613787 -
J Agric Food Chem
miR-2765 Modulates the Seasonal Polyphenism in Cacopsylla chinensis by Targeting a Novel Cold Rreceptor CcTRPC3. [Abstract]2024 Jan 10;72(1):140-152. PMID: 38118125 -
Acta Physiol
2023 Apr;237(4):e13926. PMID: 36606511 -
Chem Biol Interact
Platycodin D reverses tumor necrosis factor-α-induced endothelial dysfunction by increasing nitric oxide through G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-mediated eNOS activity. [Abstract]2025 May 28:111577. PMID: 40447174 -
Cells
Impact of Short-Term (+)-JQ1 Exposure on Mouse Aorta: Unanticipated Inhibition of Smooth Muscle Contractility. [Abstract]2023 May 24;12(11):1461. PMID: 37296583 -
Front Pharmacol
Role of Serosal TRPV4-Constituted SOCE Mechanism in Secretagogues-Stimulated Intestinal Epithelial Anion Secretion. [Abstract]2021 Jul 14:12:684538. PMID: 34335254 -
Eur J Pharmacol
Novel mechanisms of metformin-induced vasorelaxation of mesenteric arterioles via endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization to treat murine colitis. [Abstract]2025 Sep 15:1003:177900. PMID: 40617384 -
FASEB J
2019 Sep;33(9):9775-9784. PMID: 31166814 -
J Neuroendocrinol
The caudal neurosecretory system: A novel thermosensitive tissue and its signal pathway in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). [Abstract]2020 Jun;32(6):e12876. PMID: 32542811 -
Mol Cell Biochem
Inhibition of STIM1 alleviates high glucose-induced proliferation and fibrosis by inducing autophagy in mesangial cells. [Abstract]2024 Sep;479(9):2365-2379. PMID: 37736800 -
Heliyon
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation via store-operated calcium entry mechanism in healthy and intestinal inflammatory mice. [Abstract]2024 Jul 6;10(14):e33994. PMID: 39108891 -
Front Physiol
Cyclopiazonic Acid-Induced Ca2+ Store Depletion Initiates Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization-Mediated Vasorelaxation of Mesenteric Arteries in Healthy and Colitis Mice. [Abstract]2021 Mar 9:12:639857. PMID: 33767636 -
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)
Combined bone marrow stromal cells and oxiracetam treatments ameliorates acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through TRPC6. [Abstract]2019 Aug 5;51(8):767-777. PMID: 31236585 -
J Pharm Pharmacol
Homoplantaginin attenuates high glucose-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting store-operated calcium entry channel and endoplasmic reticulum stress. [Abstract]2023 Dec 8;75(12):1530-1543. PMID: 37774413 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Glucose transports in the ileum: mechanism, regulation and physiological role of ileal glucose absorption. [Abstract]2025 Sep 19:785:152676. PMID: 41005286 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (272.89 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (13.64 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (286 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Ba G, et al. Therapeutic effects of SKF-96365 on murine allergic rhinitis induced by OVA. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2021;35:20587384211015054. [Content Brief]
[2]. Chen KH, et al. SKF-96365 strongly inhibits voltage-gated sodium current in rat ventricular myocytes. Pflugers Arch. 2015;467(6):1227-1236. [Content Brief]
[3]. Jing Z, et al. SKF-96365 activates cytoprotective autophagy to delay apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells through inhibition of the calcium/CaMKIIγ/AKT-mediated pathway. Cancer Lett. 2016;372(2):226-238. [Content Brief]
[4]. Chen T, et al. Protective effects of SKF-96365, a non-specific inhibitor of SOCE, against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells: potential role of Homer1. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e55601. [Content Brief]
[5]. Ding J, et al. Effects of SKF-96365, a TRPC inhibitor, on melittin-induced inward current and intracellular Ca2+ rise in primary sensory cells. Neurosci Bull. 2011;27(3):135-142. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.7289 mL | 13.6444 mL | 27.2889 mL | 68.2221 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5458 mL | 2.7289 mL | 5.4578 mL | 13.6444 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2729 mL | 1.3644 mL | 2.7289 mL | 6.8222 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1819 mL | 0.9096 mL | 1.8193 mL | 4.5481 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1364 mL | 0.6822 mL | 1.3644 mL | 3.4111 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1092 mL | 0.5458 mL | 1.0916 mL | 2.7289 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0910 mL | 0.4548 mL | 0.9096 mL | 2.2741 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0682 mL | 0.3411 mL | 0.6822 mL | 1.7056 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0546 mL | 0.2729 mL | 0.5458 mL | 1.3644 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0455 mL | 0.2274 mL | 0.4548 mL | 1.1370 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0341 mL | 0.1706 mL | 0.3411 mL | 0.8528 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0273 mL | 0.1364 mL | 0.2729 mL | 0.6822 mL |