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Results for "

virulence

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	ADC Payload (1) Antibiotic (13) Apoptosis (6) ATP Synthase (1) Bacterial (82) Bcl-2 Family (2) Biochemical Assay Reagents (5) Calcium Channel (2) Caspase (2) CD74 (1) ClpP (2) Cytochrome P450 (2) DNA/RNA Synthesis (2) Drug Derivative (2) Drug Intermediate (1) Drug Metabolite (1) E1/E2/E3 Enzyme (2) Elastase (3) Endogenous Metabolite (23) Enterovirus (1) Environmental Pollutants (1) Fluorescent Dye (2) Fungal (17) Glutathione Peroxidase (1) Glutathione S-transferase (1) Glycosidase (1) HCV (1) HDAC (2) Heme Oxygenase (HO) (2) HSP (2) Influenza Virus (1) Insecticide (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (5) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (4) MMP (2) mRNA (1) NF-κB (3) p38 MAPK (4) Parasite (10) Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) (1) Proteasome (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (4) Reference Standards (10) SARS-CoV (1) SOD (1) STING (8) TGF-beta/Smad (2) TNF Receptor (1) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (1) Topoisomerase (1) Virus Protease (1) Wnt (1) β-catenin (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (19) Cardiovascular Disease (2) Infection (101) Inflammation/Immunology (26) Metabolic Disease (6) Neurological Disease (3)
Oligonucleotides:	mRNA (1) Phospholipids (1)

130

Inhibitors & Agonists

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Inhibitory Antibodies

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-D0041

Calcein-AM 80+ Cited Publications Calcein acetoxymethyl ester	Fluorescent Dye	Cancer
Calcein AM, has cell membrane permeability and can easily enter the cell. Calcein AM has no fluorescence and is hydrolyzed by endogenous esterase in the cell to produce polar molecule Calcein (Calcein), which has strong negative charge and cannot permeate the cell membrane. Calcein can emit strong green fluorescence, so it is often used with Propidium Iodide for cell viability/virulence detection, excitation/emission wavelength: 494/515 nm .

HY-12326A

c-di-AMP disodium Maximum Cited Publications 16 Publications Verification Cyclic diadenylate disodium; Cyclic-di-AMP disodium	STING Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .

HY-B1455

Clindamycin 10+ Cited Publications	Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite	Infection Cancer
Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .

HY-N2360

Hinokiflavone 5+ Cited Publications	E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Apoptosis MMP ClpP	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Hinokiflavone is a novel modulator of pre-mRNA splicing activity extracted from plants with anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antiviral activities. Hinokiflavone is also a potent inhibitor for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Hinokiflavone attenuates the virulence of Methicillin (HY-121544)-resistant staphylococcus aureus by inhibiting caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) with an IC₅₀ value of 34.36 mg/mL. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis via the reactive oxygen species-mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway and inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion. Hinokiflavone is a SUMO protease inhibitor against sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) activity .

HY-W001132

Indole 2 Publications Verification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
Indole is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound which widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. Indole regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including spore formation, plasmid stability, resistance to drugs, biofilm formation, and virulence as an intercellular signal molecule .

HY-P1940

Maculosin Cyclo(Tyr-Pro)	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Fungal	Infection Cancer
Maculosin (Cyclo (Tyr-Pro)) is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression. Maculosin shows antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties .Maculosin (Cyclo (Tyr-Pro)) is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression. Maculosin shows antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties .

HY-110382

Cyclic-di-GMP disodium 5+ Cited Publications c-di-GMP disodium; cyclic diguanylate disodium; 5GP-5GP disodium	STING Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Cyclic-di-GMP disodium is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium can be used in cancer research .

HY-12326

c-di-AMP Cyclic diadenylate; Cyclic-di-AMP	STING Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .

HY-135416

Streptolysin O 2 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .

HY-P2988

Neuraminidase, Microorganism 1 Publications Verification Exo-α-sialidase	Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
Neuraminidase, Microorganism (Exo-α-sialidase) is an exosialidase, is often used in biochemical studies. Neuraminidase cleaves α-ketosidic linkage between the sialic (N-acetylneuraminic) acid and an adjacent sugar residue. Neuraminidase, derived from mucosal pathogens, is a virulence factor that modifies the host's response to infection .

HY-P1934

Cyclo(Phe-Pro) 5+ Cited Publications Cyclo(phenylalanylprolyl); A-64863	HCV Bacterial Antibiotic Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection
Cyclo(Phe-Pro) (Cyclo(phenylalanylprolyl)) is a quorum-sensing molecule of Vibrio vulnificus that specifically interacts with RIG-I, inhibiting RIG-I polyubiquitination, suppressing IRF-3 activation, and reducing type I interferon production. Cyclo(Phe-Pro) enhances susceptibility to HCV and influenza virus and also alleviates plant aluminum toxicity stress. The mechanism of Cyclo(Phe-Pro) involves the regulation of host immune signaling pathways, bacterial virulence gene expression, and plant antioxidant systems, making it a promising candidate for research in viral infections, bacterial virulence regulation, and agricultural stress resistance .

HY-B1118

Secnidazole 1 Publications Verification RP-14539; PM-185184	Bacterial Parasite	Infection
Secnidazole (RP-14539) is an orally active azole antibiotic and a imidazole mitigator of Serratia marcescens virulence. Secnidazole, as an analog of acylhomoserine lactones, effectively inhibits QS resulting in the attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis. Secnidazole has antimicrobial activity against many anaerobic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species in vitro. Secnidazole can be used for the research of various diseases, such as amoebiasis and giardiasis, and bacterial vaginitis .

HY-114936

Piericidin A 5 Publications Verification AR-054	Bacterial ADC Payload Antibiotic Mitochondrial Metabolism	Infection Neurological Disease Cancer
Piericidin A (AR-054) is a natural mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) inhibitor. Piericidin A is a potent neurotoxin and inhibits mitochondrial respiration by disrupting the electron transport system through its action on NADH-ubiquinone reductase. Piericidin A is also a potential quorum-sensing inhibitor that suppresses the expression of the virulence genes of Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (Eca). Piericidin A is an ADC cytotoxin and has anti-bacterial, anticancer, insecticidal activity .

HY-DY1036

Calcein-AM (solution)	Fluorescent Dye	Cancer
Calcein AM (solution) , has cell membrane permeability and can easily enter the cell. Calcein AM has no fluorescence and is hydrolyzed by endogenous esterase in the cell to produce polar molecule Calcein (Calcein) , which has strong negative charge and cannot permeate the cell membrane. Calcein can emit strong green fluorescence, so it is often used with Propidium Iodide for cell viability/virulence detection, excitation/emission wavelength: 494/515 nm . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 2 mM

HY-NP006

Protein A 1 Publications Verification SPA	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology
Protein A (SPA) is an immunoglobulin (Ig)-binding protein that exists on the bacterial surface and can be freely secreted into the extracellular environment. Protein A blocks opsonophagocytosis and induces B cell apoptosis in vitro by binding to the Fc region of antibodies and the Fab region of B cell receptors. Protein A can form toxic immune complexes with IgG, thereby inducing leukocyte necrosis. Protein A contributes to the virulence expression of Staphylococcus aureus. Protein A triggers allergic reactions in IgG-pretreated mouse models. Protein A can be used in studies related to immune system diseases .

HY-P2358

PSMα3	NF-κB p38 MAPK	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
PSMα3 is an inhibitor of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK. PSMα3 forms membrane pores and binds to residues of human insulin B chain to inhibit insulin aggregation. PSMα3 forms α-type amyloid-like fibrils to exert cytotoxic effects, and acts as a functional amyloid virulence determinant of Staphylococcus aureus. PSMα3 is applicable to research related to spondyloarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-derived amyloidosis, and Staphylococcus aureus infection .

HY-128200

Pseudomonas quinolone signal 2 Publications Verification PQS	Bacterial	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) is a quorum-sensing signaling molecule produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The synthesis of Pseudomonas quinolone signal relies on the las quorum-sensing system, and its biological activity is associated with the rhl system. Pseudomonas quinolone signal regulates the expression of the virulence gene lasB. Additionally, Pseudomonas quinolone signal plays roles in iron acquisition, cytotoxicity, outer-membrane vesicle biogenesis, and host immune modulation .

HY-P99583

Suvratoxumab MEDI4893	Bacterial	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Suvratoxumab (MEDI4893) is a long-acting, high-affinity human anti-α-toxin monoclonal antibody (IgG1κ type). Suvratoxumab potently neutralizes α-toxin, a key S. aureus virulence factor. Suvratoxumab improves survival and reduces lung injury in an immunocompromised mice model of pneumonia. Suvratoxumab also enhances the antibacterial activity of Vancomycin (HY-B0671) or Linezolid (HY-10394) .

HY-P10486

AIP-II	Bacterial	Infection
AIP-II is a cyclic peptide signaling molecule for quorum sensing, which is produced by Staphylococcus aureus. AIP-II potently inhibits AgrC-III in Methicillin (HY-121544)-resistant type III Staphylococcus aureus strain AH1747, with an IC50 of 0.532 nM. AIP-II binds to the AgrC-II receptor and regulates virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus .

HY-N2036

Mosloflavone 1 Publications Verification	TNF Receptor Enterovirus Bacterial	Infection
Mosloflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi with ?anti-EV71 activity. Mosloflavone? inhibits VP2 virus replication and protein expression during the initial stage of virus infection and inhibits viral VP2 capsid protein synthesis. Mosloflavone is a promising biocide and inhibits P. aeruginosa virulence and biofilm formation.

HY-B1237

Suloctidil	Calcium Channel Fungal	Cardiovascular Disease Infection
Suloctidil is an orally active calcium channel blocker and antifungal agent. Suloctidil antagonizes vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine, angiotensin and serotonin. Suloctidil inhibits platelet function and exhibits neuroprotective effects. Suloctidil exerts inhibitory effects on Candida albicans biofilm and virulence. Suloctidil can be used in research on vasospasm relief, antithrombosis and superficial candidiasis .

HY-P2522

Competence-Stimulating Peptide-2 (CSP-2)	Bacterial	Infection
Competence-Stimulating Peptide-2 (CSP-2) is a 17-amino acid signal peptide produced by Streptococcus pneumoniae, with an EC₅₀ of 50.7 nM for its compatible receptor ComD2. Competence-Stimulating Peptide-2 (CSP-2) can regulate bacterial phenotypes such as competence development, virulence, and biofilm formation through quorum sensing .

HY-107780

Cyclic-di-GMP c-di-GMP; cyclic diguanylate; 5GP-5GP	STING Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Cyclic-di-GMP is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP can be used in cancer research .

HY-160202

18:1 Cardiolipin disodium 1 Publications Verification	Bacterial	Infection
18:1 Cardiolipin disodium is a virulence regulator with two phosphate groups and four acyl chains.18:1 Cardiolipin disodium can be used in the study of the regulation and mechanism of bacterial infection .

HY-12326B

c-di-AMP diammonium Maximum Cited Publications 16 Publications Verification Cyclic diadenylate diammonium; Cyclic-di-AMP diammonium	STING Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .

HY-W342499

3-Hydroxy myristic acid methyl ester Methyl 3-hydroxytetradecanoate; 3-OH PAME; Methyl 3-hydroxymyristate	Fungal	Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxy myristic acid methyl ester (Methyl 3-hydroxytetradecanoate) is the quorum-sensing signal molecule (quormone), which regulates the virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum .

HY-121721

Inz-5	Fungal	Infection
Inz-5 is a fungal-selective mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 inhibitor. Inz-5 impairs fungal virulence and prevents the evolution of agent resistance .

HY-E70119

Pectate Lyase	Fungal	Infection
Pectate Lyase is an enzyme that exists in microorganisms, plants and animals. Pectate Lyase degrades pectic acid via the β-elimination mechanism. Pectate Lyase induces plant immune responses and participates in virulence. Pectate Lyase is applied in fields such as plant fiber degumming and fruit and vegetable processing .

HY-N2245

Schisandrone	CD74	Cancer
Schisandrone, a 4-aryltetralone lignan, is isolated from the dried fruits of Schisandra sphenanthera . Schisandrone is an alpha-hemolysin (Hla) inhibitor that downregulates the transcript levels of hla, agrA and RNAIII. Hla is an integral virulence determinant in Staphylococcus aureus that determines pathogenicity. Schisandrone is a potent inhibitor against MRSA pneumonia .

HY-124796

Qstatin	Bacterial	Infection
QStatin is a potent and selective inhibitor of SmcR (V. harveyi LuxR homologue) with an EC₅₀ of 208.9 nM, binding tightly to SmcR and changes the flexibility of the protein, thereby altering its transcription regulatory activity. QStatin shows pan-QS (Vibrio quorum sensing) inhibitor activity in diverse Vibrio species and attenuates their virulence in an aquatic host. QStatin may be a sustainable antivibriosis agent useful in aquacultures .

HY-135416A

Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg) 1 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg) is a ≥1000000 units/mg Streptolysin O (HY-135416). Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .

HY-107780B

Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium 5+ Cited Publications c-di-GMP diammonium; cyclic diguanylate diammonium; 5GP-5GP diammonium	STING Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium can be used in cancer research .

HY-W001132R

Indole (standard) 2 Publications Verification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
Indole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indole is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound which widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. Indole regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including spore formation, plasmid stability, resistance to drugs, biofilm formation, and virulence as an intercellular signal molecule .

HY-163542

Pneumolysin-IN-1	Bacterial	Inflammation/Immunology
Pneumolysin-IN-1 (compound PB-3) is a targeted small molecule inhibitor of Pneumolysin (PLY) (IC₅₀=3.1 µM). Pneumolysin-IN-1 is a pore blocking agent and an anti-virulence factor. Pneumolysin-IN-1 can be used to study the infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae .

HY-134215

cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid	Bacterial Fungal	Infection
cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid is a quorum sensing (QS) signal that acts as a diffusion signaling factor (DSF) in extracellular microbial and fungal communication systems. DSF is involved in the regulation of virulence and biofilm formation of a variety of bacterial pathogens .

HY-E70079

Cystathionine β-lyase, Recombinant Microorganisms CBL	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Infection
Cystathionine β-lyase, Recombinant Microorganisms (CBL) is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of cystathionine to homocysteine, the penultimate step in methionine biosynthesis. Cystathionine β-lyase is important for bacterial virulence .

HY-114818

4-(tert-Butyl)-benzhydroxamic Acid	Bacterial	Infection
4-(tert-Butyl)-benzhydroxamic Acid is a PqsR antagonist with IC₅₀s of 12.5 μM and 23.6 μM for E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively. 4-(tert-Butyl)-benzhydroxamic Acid reduces the production of the virulence factor pyocyanin in P. aeruginosa with an IC₅₀ of 87.2 μM .

HY-N7118

Clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate	Bacterial Antibiotic	Infection Cancer
Clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate is an oral protein synthesis inhibitory agent that has the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla) .

HY-108988

Albicidin	Antibiotic Bacterial Topoisomerase DNA/RNA Synthesis	Infection
Albicidin is a peptide antibiotic with phytotoxic activity. Albicidin potently inhibits bacterial and plant DNA gyrase at nanomolar concentrations, blocks DNA replication, and exhibits excellent antibacterial efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Albicidin possesses bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, and acts as a virulence factor for the systemic plant infection by Xanthomonas albilineans. Albicidin can be used in studies related to bacterial infections and sugarcane leaf blight .

HY-134922

NS1-IN-1	Influenza Virus	Infection
NS1-IN-1 (compound 3) is a potent NS1 inhibitor. NS1 is a major influenza A virus virulence factor that inhibits host gene expression. NS1-IN-1 decreases viral protein levels, contributing to the reduction of virus replication. NS1-IN-1 shows antiviral activity by repressing the activity of mTORC1 in a TSC1-TSC2-dependent manner .

HY-B1118R

Secnidazole (Standard) RP-14539 (Standard); PM-185184 (Standard)	Reference Standards Bacterial Parasite	Infection
Secnidazole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Secnidazole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Secnidazole (RP-14539) is an orally active azole antibiotic and a imidazole mitigator of Serratia marcescens virulence. Secnidazole, as an analog of acylhomoserine lactones, effectively inhibits QS resulting in the attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis. Secnidazole has antimicrobial activity against many anaerobic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species in vitro. Secnidazole can be used for the research of various diseases, such as amoebiasis and giardiasis, and bacterial vaginitis .

HY-N11102

Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose dTDP-L-Rhamnose	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial	Infection
Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose (dTDP-L-Rhamnose) is a key activated nucleotide sugar in bacteria, with a K_D value of 13 μM for Listeria monocytogenes RmlT. Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose acts as a high-energy donor for L-Rhamnose (HY-N1420), and is specifically used for the synthesis of bacterial cell wall polysaccharides, capsules and virulence factors .

HY-124237AR

N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (Standard) C8-HSL (Standard)	Reference Standards Bacterial	Infection
N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (Standard) is the analytical standard of N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (HY-124237A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. N-octanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone is a small diffusible signaling molecule involved in quorum sensing, thereby controlling gene expression and affecting cellular metabolism. N-octanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone can be used for the infection prevention and regulation of virulence in cystic fibrosis.

HY-107780A

Cyclic-di-GMP sodium c-di-GMP sodium; cyclic diguanylate sodium; 5GP-5GP sodium	STING Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Cyclic-di-GMP sodium is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP sodium has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP sodium can be used in cancer research .

HY-130613

MAC-545496	Bacterial	Infection
MAC-545496 is a nanomolar inhibitor of glycopeptide-resistance-associated protein R (GraR). MAC-545496 displays strong binding affinity to the full-length GraR protein (K_d ≤ 0.1 nM). MAC-545496 is an antivirulence agent that reverses β-lactam resistance in Methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) .

HY-144694

HDAC/HSP90-IN-3	HSP HDAC Fungal	Infection
HDAC/HSP90-IN-3 (compound J5) is a potent and selective fungal Hsp90 and HDAC dual inhibitor, with IC₅₀ values of 0.83 and 0.91 μM, respectively. HDAC/HSP90-IN-3 shows antifungal activity against azole resistant C. albicans. HDAC/HSP90-IN-3 can suppress important virulence factors and down-regulate drug-resistant genes ERG11 and CDR1 .

HY-115884

PptT-IN-3	Bacterial	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
PptT-IN-3 (compound 5p) is a potent inhibitor of with phosphopantetheinyl phosphoryl transferase (PptT) an IC₅₀ of 3.5 μM. Phosphopantetheinyl transferase, an essential enzyme that plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of cellular lipids and virulence factors in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PptT-IN-3 has the potential for the research of tuberculosis .

HY-N11102A

Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose disodium dTDP-L-Rhamnose disodium	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial	Infection
Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose (dTDP-L-Rhamnose) disodium is a key activated nucleotide sugar in bacteria, with a K_D value of 13 μM for Listeria monocytogenes RmlT. Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose disodium acts as a high-energy donor for L-Rhamnose (HY-N1420), and is specifically used for the synthesis of bacterial cell wall polysaccharides, capsules and virulence factors .

HY-176224

*Anti-virulence* factor-IN-2**	Bacterial	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Anti-virulence factor-IN-2 (compound C7) is an inhibitor targeting the virulence factor KpsM in Escherichia coli. kpsM mediates the translocation of capsular polysaccharides to the cell surface, allowing kpsM-positive E. coli to escape the phagocytosis of the scavenger receptor Marco on liver Kupffer cells, leading to bacterial dissemination. kpsM-positive E. coli exacerbates ethanol-induced liver disease. Anti-virulence factor-IN-2 can inhibit the ethanol-induced liver disease model caused by kpsM-dependent capsid in mice and has anti-infective activity. Anti-virulence factor-IN-2 can be used for the study of alcoholic hepatitis .

HY-170816

CYP51/Hsp90-IN-1	HSP Cytochrome P450 Fungal	Infection
CYP51/Hsp90-IN-1 (Compound MM4) is a dual CYP51/Hsp90 inhibitor. CYP51/Hsp90-IN-1 shows antifungal activity against Candida albicans and effectively inhibits important fungal virulence factors. CYP51/Hsp90-IN-1 is promising for research of invasive candidiasis .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-D0041

Calcein-AM

80+ Cited Publications

Calcein acetoxymethyl ester

Fluorescent Dye

Calcein AM, has cell membrane permeability and can easily enter the cell. Calcein AM has no fluorescence and is hydrolyzed by endogenous esterase in the cell to produce polar molecule Calcein (Calcein), which has strong negative charge and cannot permeate the cell membrane. Calcein can emit strong green fluorescence, so it is often used with Propidium Iodide for cell viability/virulence detection, excitation/emission wavelength: 494/515 nm .

HY-DY1036

Calcein-AM (solution)

Fluorescent Dye

Calcein AM (solution) , has cell membrane permeability and can easily enter the cell. Calcein AM has no fluorescence and is hydrolyzed by endogenous esterase in the cell to produce polar molecule Calcein (Calcein) , which has strong negative charge and cannot permeate the cell membrane. Calcein can emit strong green fluorescence, so it is often used with Propidium Iodide for cell viability/virulence detection, excitation/emission wavelength: 494/515 nm .
Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 2 mM

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-NP006

Protein A

1 Publications Verification

SPA

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Protein A (SPA) is an immunoglobulin (Ig)-binding protein that exists on the bacterial surface and can be freely secreted into the extracellular environment. Protein A blocks opsonophagocytosis and induces B cell apoptosis in vitro by binding to the Fc region of antibodies and the Fab region of B cell receptors. Protein A can form toxic immune complexes with IgG, thereby inducing leukocyte necrosis. Protein A contributes to the virulence expression of Staphylococcus aureus. Protein A triggers allergic reactions in IgG-pretreated mouse models. Protein A can be used in studies related to immune system diseases .

HY-D1056D

Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis

3 Publications Verification

LPS, from Porphyromonas gingivalis

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis (LPS, from Porphyromonas gingivalis) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis activate TLR-4 in immune cells and are important virulence factors in the mechanism of periodontal disease. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis can be used in research related to periodontitis .
It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.

HY-W127393

N-Nonanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to increased cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself in a variety of phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release and detection of small diffusible signaling molecules called autoinducers. N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise a class of such autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled to a homoserine lactone (HSL). Modulation of bacterial quorum-sensing signaling systems to suppress pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial research for infectious diseases. AHLs differ in acyl length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signaling specificity through the affinity of the LuxR family of transcriptional regulators. C9-HSL is a rare odd-numbered acyl carbon chain produced by wild-type Erwinia carotovora strain SCC 3193 grown in nutrient-rich Luria-Bertani broth (LB) medium.

HY-114773

N-Undecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to increased cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself in a variety of phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release and detection of small diffusible signaling molecules called autoinducers. N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise a class of such autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled to a homoserine lactone (HSL). Modulation of bacterial quorum-sensing signaling systems to suppress pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial research for infectious diseases. AHLs differ in acyl length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signaling specificity through the affinity of the LuxR family of transcriptional regulators. C11-HSL has a rare odd-numbered acyl carbon chain and may be a minor quorum-sensing signaling molecule in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

HY-W127487

N-Octadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to increased cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself in a variety of phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release and detection of small diffusible signaling molecules called autoinducers. N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise a class of such autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled to a homoserine lactone (HSL). Modulation of bacterial quorum-sensing signaling systems to suppress pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial research for infectious diseases. AHLs differ in acyl length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signaling specificity through the affinity of the LuxR family of transcriptional regulators. C18-HSL, one of four lipophilic long acyl side chain AHLs produced by the LuxI AHL synthase homolog SinI, is involved in quorum-sensing signaling in strains of Rhizobium meliloti (a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of the legume M. sativa) . C18-HSL and other hydrophobic AHLs tend to localize in the relatively lipophilic environment of bacterial cells and cannot diffuse freely across the cell membrane. Long-chain N-acyl homoserine lactones can be exported from cells by efflux pumps, or can be transported between communicating cells by extracellular outer membrane vesicles.

HY-182660

Acetosyringone Sterile Solution (100 mM)	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Acetosyringone Sterile Solution (100 mM) is formulated with acetosyringone, ethanol, etc., and is sterilized by filtration. It can be used for plant pathogen identification. It effectively induces the virulence genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P1940

Maculosin Cyclo(Tyr-Pro)	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Fungal	Infection Cancer
Maculosin (Cyclo (Tyr-Pro)) is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression. Maculosin shows antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties .Maculosin (Cyclo (Tyr-Pro)) is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression. Maculosin shows antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties .

HY-P1934

Cyclo(Phe-Pro) 5+ Cited Publications Cyclo(phenylalanylprolyl); A-64863	HCV Bacterial Antibiotic Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection
Cyclo(Phe-Pro) (Cyclo(phenylalanylprolyl)) is a quorum-sensing molecule of Vibrio vulnificus that specifically interacts with RIG-I, inhibiting RIG-I polyubiquitination, suppressing IRF-3 activation, and reducing type I interferon production. Cyclo(Phe-Pro) enhances susceptibility to HCV and influenza virus and also alleviates plant aluminum toxicity stress. The mechanism of Cyclo(Phe-Pro) involves the regulation of host immune signaling pathways, bacterial virulence gene expression, and plant antioxidant systems, making it a promising candidate for research in viral infections, bacterial virulence regulation, and agricultural stress resistance .

HY-P2358

PSMα3	NF-κB p38 MAPK	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
PSMα3 is an inhibitor of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK. PSMα3 forms membrane pores and binds to residues of human insulin B chain to inhibit insulin aggregation. PSMα3 forms α-type amyloid-like fibrils to exert cytotoxic effects, and acts as a functional amyloid virulence determinant of Staphylococcus aureus. PSMα3 is applicable to research related to spondyloarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-derived amyloidosis, and Staphylococcus aureus infection .

HY-P10486

AIP-II	Bacterial	Infection
AIP-II is a cyclic peptide signaling molecule for quorum sensing, which is produced by Staphylococcus aureus. AIP-II potently inhibits AgrC-III in Methicillin (HY-121544)-resistant type III Staphylococcus aureus strain AH1747, with an IC50 of 0.532 nM. AIP-II binds to the AgrC-II receptor and regulates virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus .

HY-P2522

Competence-Stimulating Peptide-2 (CSP-2)	Bacterial	Infection
Competence-Stimulating Peptide-2 (CSP-2) is a 17-amino acid signal peptide produced by Streptococcus pneumoniae, with an EC₅₀ of 50.7 nM for its compatible receptor ComD2. Competence-Stimulating Peptide-2 (CSP-2) can regulate bacterial phenotypes such as competence development, virulence, and biofilm formation through quorum sensing .

HY-P5481

DABCYL-LPETG-EDANS	Peptides	Others
DABCYL-LPETG-EDANS is a biological active peptide. (This 5-amino acid peptide is a sortase substrate, C-terminal sorting signal. Sortase cleaves surface proteins at the LPXTG motif and catalyzes the formation of an amide bond between the carboxyl group of threonine and the amino group of cell-wall crossbridges. Sortases are a family of Gram-positive transpeptidases responsible for anchoring surface protein virulence factors to the peptidoglycan cell wall layer. Cleavage of this FRET substrate by sortase reveals the fluorescent signal, Abs/Em = 340/490 nm.)

HY-W012572A

D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate	Mitochondrial Metabolism Bacterial	Infection Metabolic Disease
D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu ²⁺) .

HY-W141788

N-Butyryl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone	Bacterial	Infection
N-Butyryl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone is an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) analogue. AHLs are potent inhibitors of biofilm formation and virulence factors, and has been used for degrading microbial communities, reducing bacterial pathogenicity .

HY-P2087

Bassianolide	Insecticide Parasite Bacterial	Infection
Bassianolide is a cyclooligomer depsipeptide secondary metabolite. Bassianolide is an insecticidal virulence factor of Beauveria bassiana. Bassianolide inhibits acetylcholine-induced smooth muscle contraction, and shows moderate antiplasmodial and anti-mycobacterial activities .

HY-P2358A

PSMα3 TFA	NF-κB p38 MAPK	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
PSMα3 TFA is an inhibitor of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK. PSMα3 TFA forms membrane pores and binds to residues of human insulin B chain to inhibit insulin aggregation. PSMα3 TFA forms α-type amyloid-like fibrils to exert cytotoxic effects, and acts as a functional amyloid virulence determinant of Staphylococcus aureus. PSMα3 TFA is applicable to research related to spondyloarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-derived amyloidosis, and Staphylococcus aureus infection .

HY-P11458

Hanlp24 Nlp24	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Inflammation/Immunology
Hanlp24 (Nlp24) is an immunogenic short peptide derived from plant pathogenic microorganisms. Hanlp24 can be recognized by the immune system of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and effectively induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Hanlp24 is not the key factor that triggers plant defense and leads to the loss of pathogen virulence in the interaction system between cucumber and anthracnose pathogen. Hanlp24 can be used for the study of the plant immune system .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area	Image

HY-P99583

Suvratoxumab MEDI4893	Bacterial	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Suvratoxumab (MEDI4893) is a long-acting, high-affinity human anti-α-toxin monoclonal antibody (IgG1κ type). Suvratoxumab potently neutralizes α-toxin, a key S. aureus virulence factor. Suvratoxumab improves survival and reduces lung injury in an immunocompromised mice model of pneumonia. Suvratoxumab also enhances the antibacterial activity of Vancomycin (HY-B0671) or Linezolid (HY-10394) .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-12326A

c-di-AMP disodium Maximum Cited Publications 16 Publications Verification Cyclic diadenylate disodium; Cyclic-di-AMP disodium	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	STING Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .

HY-N2360

Hinokiflavone 5+ Cited Publications	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Selaginellaceae Plants Biflavones Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Apoptosis MMP ClpP
Hinokiflavone is a novel modulator of pre-mRNA splicing activity extracted from plants with anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antiviral activities. Hinokiflavone is also a potent inhibitor for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Hinokiflavone attenuates the virulence of Methicillin (HY-121544)-resistant staphylococcus aureus by inhibiting caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) with an IC₅₀ value of 34.36 mg/mL. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis via the reactive oxygen species-mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway and inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion. Hinokiflavone is a SUMO protease inhibitor against sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) activity .

HY-W001132

Indole 2 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
Indole is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound which widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. Indole regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including spore formation, plasmid stability, resistance to drugs, biofilm formation, and virulence as an intercellular signal molecule .

HY-P1940

Maculosin Cyclo(Tyr-Pro)	Alkaloids Monophenols Microorganisms Pyrrole Alkaloids Phenols Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Fungal
Maculosin (Cyclo (Tyr-Pro)) is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression. Maculosin shows antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties .Maculosin (Cyclo (Tyr-Pro)) is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression. Maculosin shows antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties .

HY-110382

Cyclic-di-GMP disodium 5+ Cited Publications c-di-GMP disodium; cyclic diguanylate disodium; 5GP-5GP disodium	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	STING Endogenous Metabolite
Cyclic-di-GMP disodium is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium can be used in cancer research .

HY-12326

c-di-AMP Cyclic diadenylate; Cyclic-di-AMP	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	STING Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .

HY-135416

Streptolysin O 2 Publications Verification	Infection Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .

HY-114936

Piericidin A 5 Publications Verification AR-054	Infection Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Anti-parasitic Antibacterial Disease Research Anticancer Disease Research Fields Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Bacterial ADC Payload Antibiotic Mitochondrial Metabolism
Piericidin A (AR-054) is a natural mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) inhibitor. Piericidin A is a potent neurotoxin and inhibits mitochondrial respiration by disrupting the electron transport system through its action on NADH-ubiquinone reductase. Piericidin A is also a potential quorum-sensing inhibitor that suppresses the expression of the virulence genes of Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (Eca). Piericidin A is an ADC cytotoxin and has anti-bacterial, anticancer, insecticidal activity .

HY-P2358

PSMα3	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	NF-κB p38 MAPK
PSMα3 is an inhibitor of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK. PSMα3 forms membrane pores and binds to residues of human insulin B chain to inhibit insulin aggregation. PSMα3 forms α-type amyloid-like fibrils to exert cytotoxic effects, and acts as a functional amyloid virulence determinant of Staphylococcus aureus. PSMα3 is applicable to research related to spondyloarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-derived amyloidosis, and Staphylococcus aureus infection .

HY-N2036

Mosloflavone 1 Publications Verification	Infection Monophenols Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavones Labiatae Phenols Plants Medicago truncatula Gaertn. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	TNF Receptor Enterovirus Bacterial
Mosloflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi with ?anti-EV71 activity. Mosloflavone? inhibits VP2 virus replication and protein expression during the initial stage of virus infection and inhibits viral VP2 capsid protein synthesis. Mosloflavone is a promising biocide and inhibits P. aeruginosa virulence and biofilm formation.

HY-N6082

Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside 1 Publications Verification	Quinones Structural Classification Monophenols Rheum palmatum L. Classification of Application Fields Anthraquinones Polygonaceae Phenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Caspase TGF-beta/Smad Bacterial
Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside is an orally active glycoside found in Rhubarb. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis, recovers altered lincRNA ANRIL and let-7a expression, reverses high glucose-altered Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression, and inhibits TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside accelerates Sennoside A (HY-N0365) metabolism, stimulates sennoside A purgative activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside inhibits bacterial biofilm formation, suppresses its virulence gene expression, and exerts antibacterial activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside can be used for the research of diabetic nephropathy, constipation, and infection .

HY-107780

Cyclic-di-GMP c-di-GMP; cyclic diguanylate; 5GP-5GP	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	STING Endogenous Metabolite
Cyclic-di-GMP is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP can be used in cancer research .

HY-W012572

D-Histidine	Microorganisms Source Classification	Mitochondrial Metabolism Bacterial
D-Histidine is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu ²⁺) .

HY-12326B

c-di-AMP diammonium Maximum Cited Publications 16 Publications Verification Cyclic diadenylate diammonium; Cyclic-di-AMP diammonium	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	STING Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .

HY-N2245

Schisandrone	Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Lignans Phenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Schisandraceae Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	CD74
Schisandrone, a 4-aryltetralone lignan, is isolated from the dried fruits of Schisandra sphenanthera . Schisandrone is an alpha-hemolysin (Hla) inhibitor that downregulates the transcript levels of hla, agrA and RNAIII. Hla is an integral virulence determinant in Staphylococcus aureus that determines pathogenicity. Schisandrone is a potent inhibitor against MRSA pneumonia .

HY-135416A

Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg) 1 Publications Verification	Infection Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg) is a ≥1000000 units/mg Streptolysin O (HY-135416). Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .

HY-107780B

Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium 5+ Cited Publications c-di-GMP diammonium; cyclic diguanylate diammonium; 5GP-5GP diammonium	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	STING Endogenous Metabolite
Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP diammonium can be used in cancer research .

HY-W001132R

Indole (standard) 2 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Indole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indole is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound which widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. Indole regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including spore formation, plasmid stability, resistance to drugs, biofilm formation, and virulence as an intercellular signal molecule .

HY-N11102

Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose dTDP-L-Rhamnose	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Leguminosae Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose (dTDP-L-Rhamnose) is a key activated nucleotide sugar in bacteria, with a K_D value of 13 μM for Listeria monocytogenes RmlT. Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose acts as a high-energy donor for L-Rhamnose (HY-N1420), and is specifically used for the synthesis of bacterial cell wall polysaccharides, capsules and virulence factors .

HY-107780A

Cyclic-di-GMP sodium c-di-GMP sodium; cyclic diguanylate sodium; 5GP-5GP sodium	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	STING Endogenous Metabolite
Cyclic-di-GMP sodium is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP sodium has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP sodium can be used in cancer research .

HY-N2360R

Hinokiflavone (Standard)	Structural Classification Flavonoids Phenols Polyphenols Selaginellaceae Plants Biflavones Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring Source Classification	Reference Standards E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Apoptosis MMP ClpP
Hinokiflavone is a novel modulator of pre-mRNA splicing activity extracted from plants with anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antiviral activities. Hinokiflavone is also a potent inhibitor for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Hinokiflavone attenuates the virulence of Methicillin (HY-121544)-resistant staphylococcus aureus by inhibiting caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) with an IC50 value of 34.36 mg/mL. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis via the reactive oxygen species-mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway and inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion. Hinokiflavone is a SUMO protease inhibitor against sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) activity .

HY-N7788

cis-2-Dodecenoic acid	Animals Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source Classification	Bacterial
cis-2-Dodecenoic acid, originally discovered in Burkholderia cenocepacia, can interfere with the bacterial quorum sensing system and inhibit bacterial biofilm formation and virulence factor production .

HY-P2087

Bassianolide	Microorganisms Cyclopeptides Source Classification	Insecticide Parasite Bacterial
Bassianolide is a cyclooligomer depsipeptide secondary metabolite. Bassianolide is an insecticidal virulence factor of Beauveria bassiana. Bassianolide inhibits acetylcholine-induced smooth muscle contraction, and shows moderate antiplasmodial and anti-mycobacterial activities .

HY-N12106

Neosartoricin Fumicycline	Microorganisms Phenols Polyphenols Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Fungal
Neosartoricin (Fumicycline) (Compound 3), a prenylated anthracenone, is a microbial secondary metabolite. Neosartoricin can be isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus and Neosartorya fischeri. Neosartoricin has immunosuppressive activity, and significantly inhibits T-cell proliferative activity with an IC₅₀ of 3 μM. Neosartoricin may be beneficial to fungal defense, facilitating infection through suppressing the host adaptive immunity without involvement of primary virulence .

HY-W018555R

D-Cysteine (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
D-Cysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Cysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Cysteine, the D-isomer of cysteine, is an orally active antibacterial agent and a regulator of neural progenitor cell proliferation. D-Cysteine can inhibit Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguinis. The no-observed-adverse-effect level of D-Cysteine in rats should be less than 500 mg/kg/day[1][2][3][4].

HY-W160358

2,5-Dimethylcyclohexanol	Structural Classification Natural Products Cyperus esculentus L. Cyperaceae Plants Source Classification	SARS-CoV Virus Protease Fungal Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ATP Synthase Glutathione Peroxidase SOD p38 MAPK
2,5-Dimethylcyclohexanol, a volatile organic compound, is a fatty acid that can be isolated from Amphora sp.. 2,5-Dimethylcyclohexanol has significant antineoplastic and antiviral activities with inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. 2,5-Dimethylcyclohexanol also has potent antifungal activity against Pseudogymnoascus destructans. 2,5-Dimethylcyclohexanol compromises cell wall and membrane integrity while perturbing energy metabolism, increases the levels of ROS, ATP, Superoxide anion and GSH, and decreases CAT and SOD activities. And 2,5-Dimethylcyclohexanol alters virulence ribosomal genes expression, and disrupts the MAPK signaling pathways, inducing fungal cell apoptosis .

HY-W012572R

D-Histidine (Standard)	Microorganisms Source Classification	Reference Standards Mitochondrial Metabolism Bacterial
D-Histidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Histidine (HY-W012572). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Histidine is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu ²⁺) .

HY-N6082R

Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside (Standard)	Quinones Structural Classification Monophenols Rheum palmatum L. Anthraquinones Polygonaceae Phenols Plants Source Classification	Reference Standards Apoptosis Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Caspase TGF-beta/Smad
Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside (HY-N6083). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside is an orally active glycoside found in Rhubarb. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis, recovers altered lincRNA ANRIL and let-7a expression, reverses high glucose-altered Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression, and inhibits TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside accelerates Sennoside A (HY-N0365) metabolism, stimulates sennoside A purgative activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside inhibits bacterial biofilm formation, suppresses its virulence gene expression, and exerts antibacterial activity. Rhein 8-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside can be used for the research of diabetic nephropathy, constipation, and infection .

HY-126071

(-)-Mitorubrinic acid Mitorubrinic acid	Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source Classification	Drug Derivative Fungal
(-)-Mitorubrinic acid (Mitorubrinic acid) is a polyketide. (-)-Mitorubrinic acid is synthesis by two non-reducing polyketide synthase (PKS) genes (pks12 and pks11) in a sequential manner. (-)-Mitorubrinic is a virulence factor of Penicillium marneffei by improving its intracellular survival in macrophages .

HY-147063R

N-Acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate disodium (Standard)	Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Indole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indole is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound which widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. Indole regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including spore formation, plasmid stability, resistance to drugs, biofilm formation, and virulence as an intercellular signal molecule .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B1455S1

Clindamycin-13C,d3

Clindamycin- ¹³C,d₃ is the ¹³C- and deuterium labeled Clindamycin. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .

HY-B1455S

Clindamycin-d3 hydrochloride

Clindamycin-d₃ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Clindamycin. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .

HY-W713126

Indole-d4

Indole-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Indole (HY-W001132). Indole is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound which widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. Indole regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including spore formation, plasmid stability, resistance to drugs, biofilm formation, and virulence as an intercellular signal molecule .

HY-B1118S2

Secnidazole-d4

Secnidazole-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Secnidazole . Secnidazole (RP-14539) is an orally active azole antibiotic and a imidazole mitigator of Serratia marcescens virulence. Secnidazole, as an analog of acylhomoserine lactones, effectively inhibits QS resulting in the attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis. Secnidazole has antimicrobial activity against many anaerobic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species in vitro. Secnidazole can be used for the research of various diseases, such as amoebiasis and giardiasis, and bacterial vaginitis .

HY-B1118S3

Secnidazole-d3

Secnidazole-d₃ (RP-14539-d₃; PM-185184-d₃) is the deuterium labeled Secnidazole (HY-B1118). Secnidazole (RP-14539) is an orally active azole antibiotic and a imidazole mitigator of Serratia marcescens virulence. Secnidazole, as an analog of acylhomoserine lactones, effectively inhibits QS resulting in the attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis. Secnidazole has antimicrobial activity against many anaerobic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species in vitro. Secnidazole can be used for the research of various diseases, such as amoebiasis and giardiasis, and bacterial vaginitis .

HY-124352S

2-Nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone-d4
2-Nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone-d₄ (C9-PQS-d₄) is deuterium labeled 2-Nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone. 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-Quinolone (C9-PQS) is a quinolone compound produced by P. aeruginosa and other related bacterias. 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-Quinolone is a quorum sensing (QS) signal molecule that controls the expression of many virulence genes as a function of cell population density .

HY-110382S

Cyclic-di-GMP-13C20,15N10 disodium

¹³C20, ¹⁵N10-Cyclic di-GMP ( ¹³C20, ¹⁵N10-c-di-GMP) is ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Cyclic-di-GMP (disodium). Cyclic-di-GMP disodium is a STING agonist and a bacterial second messenger that coordinates different aspects of bacterial growth and behavior, including motility, virulence, biofilm formation, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium has anti-cancer cell proliferation activity and also induces elevated CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium can be used in cancer research .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-160202

18:1 Cardiolipin disodium 1 Publications Verification		Phospholipids
18:1 Cardiolipin disodium is a virulence regulator with two phosphate groups and four acyl chains.18:1 Cardiolipin disodium can be used in the study of the regulation and mechanism of bacterial infection .

HY-174523

Human TLR5 mRNA		mRNA
Human TLR5 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 5 (TLR5) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR5 recognizes bacterial flagellin, the principal component of bacterial flagella and a virulence factor. The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-kappaB, which in turn activates a host of inflammatory-related target genes.

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