2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease GPCR/G Protein
  3. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Adenosine Receptor
  4. Aminophylline

Aminophylline is a competitive and non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Aminophylline is a competitive adenosine receptor antagonist. Aminophylline has apulmonary vasodilator action as well as a bronchodilator action and has the potential for asthma research.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 317-34-0

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
500 mg In-stock
5 g In-stock
25 g In-stock
50 g   Get quote  

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Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Aminophylline:

Aminophylline Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Aminophylline purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Nov 10;26(22):10883.  [Abstract]

    Flow cytometry analysis of cell cycle distribution in CCa cell lines C33A and SiHa following treatment with vehicle control or 10 mM Theophylline for 24 and 48 h.

    Aminophylline purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Nov 10;26(22):10883.  [Abstract]

    Bar graphs showing the apoptotic effects of 10 mM Theophylline on SiHa cells at 24 and 48 h.

    Aminophylline purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 3;25(5):2947.

    Theophylline (Theo-24). Western blotting shows the protein levels of COL-1, ALP, RUNX2, and BMP2 in PDLSCs after treatment with the indicated conditions.

    Aminophylline purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 3;25(5):2947.

    Theophylline (Theo-24). Immunofluorescence staining images showing the expression levels of RUNX2 (green) and Pan Kla (red) in PDLSCs treated with the conditions as shown. Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue).

    Aminophylline purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 3;25(5):2947.

    Theophylline (Theo-24). ALP staining at 7 days and ARS staining at 21 days of osteogenic induction in PDLSCs.

    View All Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    PDE1 PDE2 PDE3 PDE4 PDE5 PDE6 PDE7 PDE9 PDE10 PDE11 PDE12 PDE8 Autotaxin

    View All Adenosine Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    Adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) Adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) Adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR) Adenosine A3 receptor (A3R)

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Aminophylline is a competitive and non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Aminophylline is a competitive adenosine receptor antagonist. Aminophylline has apulmonary vasodilator action as well as a bronchodilator action and has the potential for asthma research[1][2].

    In Vitro

    Aminophylline is a compound of the bronchodilator theophylline with ethylenediamine in 2:1 ratio. The ethylenediamine improves solubility, and the aminophylline is usually found as a dihydrate. Aminophylline is less potent and shorter-acting than theophylline. Its most common use is in the treatment of airway obstruction from asthma or COPD. It is used off-label as a reversal agent during nuclear stress testing. Aminophylline is a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Adenosine is an endogenous extracellular messenger that can regulate myocardial oxygen needs. It acts through cellular surface receptors which effect intracellular signalling pathways to increase coronary artery blood flow, slow heart rate, block atrioventricular node conduction, suppress cardiac automaticity, and decrease β-adrenergic effects on contractility. Adenosine also antagonizes chronotropic and ionotropic effects of circulating catecholamines. Overall, adenosine decreases the heart's rate and force of contraction, which increases blood supply to the cardiac muscle. Given specific circumstances this mechanism (which is intended to protect the heart) may cause atropine-resistant refractory bradyasystole. Adenosine's effects are concentration-dependent. Adenosine's receptors are competitively antagonized by methylxanthines such as aminophylline. Aminophylline competitively antagonizes the cardiac actions of adenosine at the cell surface receptors. Thus, it increases heart rate and contractility.

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Aminophylline Related Antibodies
    Molecular Weight

    420.43

    Formula

    C16H24N10O4
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C(N1C)N(C)C2=C(N=CN2)C1=O.O=C(N3C)N(C)C4=C(N=CN4)C3=O.NCCN
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 14.29 mg/mL (33.99 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : 6.25 mg/mL (14.87 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.3785 mL 11.8926 mL 23.7852 mL
    5 mM 0.4757 mL 2.3785 mL 4.7570 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: 1.43 mg/mL (3.40 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

      This protocol yields a clear solution of 1.43 mg/mL.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (14.3 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (3.40 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (14.3 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 22 mg/mL (52.33 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 2.3785 mL 11.8926 mL 23.7852 mL 59.4629 mL
    5 mM 0.4757 mL 2.3785 mL 4.7570 mL 11.8926 mL
    10 mM 0.2379 mL 1.1893 mL 2.3785 mL 5.9463 mL
    DMSO 15 mM 0.1586 mL 0.7928 mL 1.5857 mL 3.9642 mL
    20 mM 0.1189 mL 0.5946 mL 1.1893 mL 2.9731 mL
    25 mM 0.0951 mL 0.4757 mL 0.9514 mL 2.3785 mL
    30 mM 0.0793 mL 0.3964 mL 0.7928 mL 1.9821 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Aminophylline Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Aminophylline317-34-0Phosphodiesterase (PDE)Adenosine ReceptorP1 receptorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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