Clarithromycin
Based on 21 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Clarithromycin has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Clarithromycin inhibits the CYP3A4-catalyzed triazolam alpha-hydroxylation with the IC50 (Ki) value of 56 (43) μM. Clarithromycin significantly inhibits the HERG potassium current.Clarithromycin affects the autophagic flux by impairing the signaling pathway linking hERG1 and PI3K.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.90%
- CAS No.: 81103-11-9
- Formula: C38H69NO13
- Molecular Weight:747.95
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Clarithromycin
More- Acta Pharm Sin B. 2021 Sep;11(9):2850-2858. [Abstract]
- Water Res. 2023 Jul 15:240:120110. [Abstract]
- Chemosphere. 2019 Jun:225:378-387. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2021 Mar 11;64(5):2725-2738. [Abstract]
- J Clin Immunol. 2025 Nov 15;45(1):160. [Abstract]
- Cell Prolif. 2021 Jan;54(1):e12953. [Abstract]
- J Chem Inf Model. 2021 Apr 26;61(4):2016-2025. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharm Sci. 2023 Aug 1:187:106475. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025 May 23:e0024925. [Abstract]
- mLife. 2025 Apr 15;4(2):155-168. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2024 Oct 29:e0094524. [Abstract]
- Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Feb 17;65(3):e01921-20. [Abstract]
- Front Microbiol. 2018 Sep 7:9:2095. [Abstract]
- Microbiol Spectr. 2025 May 19:e0307424. [Abstract]
- ACS Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 1. [Abstract]
- ACS Chem Biol. 2022 Jan 21;17(1):39-53. [Abstract]
- Pathogens. 2025 Mar 21;14(4):302. [Abstract]
- Infect Drug Resist. 2025 Oct 4:18:5239-5247. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Oct 30:786:152756. [Abstract]
- Authorea. 2025 Sep 17.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Jan 18.
Customer Validation & Images
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RT-PCR
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WB
All Antibiotic Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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CYP3 |
Macrolide |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| AML12 | CC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: CLA
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Cytotoxicity against mouse AML12 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against mouse AML12 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 38354519] |
| HFF | CC50 |
260 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against HFF after 48 hrs by MTS assay
Cytotoxicity against HFF after 48 hrs by MTS assay
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[PMID: 21428405] |
| NIH-3T3-G185 | IC50 |
15.1 μM
Compound: Clarithromycin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Rhodamine 123 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Rhodamine 123 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
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[PMID: 11716514] |
| NIH-3T3-G185 | IC50 |
23.8 μM
Compound: Clarithromycin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Tetramethylrosamine efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Tetramethylrosamine efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
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[PMID: 11716514] |
| NIH-3T3-G185 | IC50 |
3.8 μM
Compound: Clarithromycin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Daunorubicin efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Daunorubicin efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
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[PMID: 11716514] |
| NIH-3T3-G185 | IC50 |
50.2 μM
Compound: Clarithromycin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of JC-1 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of JC-1 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
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[PMID: 11716514] |
| NIH-3T3-G185 | IC50 |
56.1 μM
Compound: Clarithromycin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
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[PMID: 11716514] |
| NIH-3T3-G185 | IC50 |
7.2 μM
Compound: Clarithromycin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of LDS-751 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of LDS-751 efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
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[PMID: 11716514] |
| NIH-3T3-G185 | IC50 |
86.7 μM
Compound: Clarithromycin
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TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Fluo-3-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Fluo-3-AM efflux in NIH-3T3-G185 cells
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[PMID: 11716514] |
| THP-1 | EC50 |
0.046 mg/L
Compound: Clarithromycin
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Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 infected in human THP1 cells assessed as decrease of CFU after 24 hrs
Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 infected in human THP1 cells assessed as decrease of CFU after 24 hrs
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[PMID: 19564365] |
Clarithromycin produces a similar concentration-dependent block with an IC50 of 45.7 μM[3].
Clarithromycin induces the formation of numerous intracytoplasmic vacuoles after 24 h, in all cell lines, especially in HCT116 cells. Prolonged treatment with Clarithromycin (40, 80, and 160 μM) alters cell proliferation and triggers apoptotic cell death in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Inhibition of cell proliferation is potentiated when Clarithromycin is re-added to the cells. In particular, 160 μM Clarithromycin, re-added after 48 h of incubation, produces an arrest of cell proliferation at 72 h. Similar effects are obtained in LS174T cells[4].
Clarithromycin (80 and 160 μM; 48 hours) strongly increases the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with a maximum at 24 h of treatment. This effect is accompanied by a decrease of p62/SQSTM1[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:HCT116 cells
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Concentration:40, 80, and 160 µM
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Incubation Time:24, 48, 72 hours
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Result:Reduced HCT116 cell proliferation, although did not completely abolished it.
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Cell Line:HCT116 cells
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Concentration:80 and 160 µM
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Incubation Time:4, 24, 48 hours
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Result:A decrease of LC3-II and a re-increase of p62/SQSTM1 were observed at 48 hours treatment.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Six-week-old beige (C57BL/6J bgj/bgj) mice which had been infected with viable M. avium ATCC 49601[5]
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Dosage:50, 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg
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Administration:Administered daily by gavage
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Result:Reduced organ cell counts compared with those in mice given no treatment at all doses.
Had activity against three additional MAC isolates (MICs for the isolates ranged from 1 to 4 µg/mL by broth dilution) at 200 mg/kg.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 81103-11-9
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 747.95
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Formula C38H69NO13
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C[C@@](OC)(C[C@H](C([C@@H]1C)=O)C)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O[C@H](CC)[C@@](C)(O)[C@@H]1O)=O)C)O[C@@](O[C@@H](C)[C@@H]2O)([H])C[C@@]2(C)OC)C)O[C@@](O[C@H](C)C[C@@H]3N(C)C)([H])[C@@H]3O
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (21)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Acta Pharm Sin B
Repurposing carrimycin as an antiviral agent against human coronaviruses, including the currently pandemic SARS-CoV-2. [Abstract]2021 Sep;11(9):2850-2858. PMID: 33723501 -
Water Res
Quantifying community-wide antibiotic usage via urban water fingerprinting: Focus on contrasting resource settings in South Africa. [Abstract]2023 Jul 15:240:120110. PMID: 37247434 -
Chemosphere
Mass-balance-model-based evaluation of sewage treatment plant contribution to residual pharmaceuticals in environmental waters. [Abstract]2019 Jun:225:378-387. PMID: 30884299 -
J Med Chem
Development of an In Silico Prediction Model for P-glycoprotein Efflux Potential in Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells toward the Prediction of Brain Penetration. [Abstract]2021 Mar 11;64(5):2725-2738. PMID: 33619967 -
J Clin Immunol
S100A4 Induces Neutrophilic Inflammation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps via TLR4 Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Nov 15;45(1):160. PMID: 41240201
Clarithromycin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Clin Immunol. 2025 Nov 15;45(1):160. [Abstract]
The mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 in hNECs stimulated by S100A4 with or without Clarithromycin (10 μM) and Dexamethasone .
Clarithromycin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Clin Immunol. 2025 Nov 15;45(1):160. [Abstract]
The protein expression levels of G-CSF, IL-36γ in hNECs stimulated by S100A4 with or without Clarithromycin (10 μM) and Dexamethasone.
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Cell Prolif
Direct inhibitory effect on viral entry of influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 viruses by azithromycin. [Abstract]2021 Jan;54(1):e12953. PMID: 33211371 -
J Chem Inf Model
Macrolides May Prevent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Entry into Cells: A Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Study and Experimental Validation. [Abstract]2021 Apr 26;61(4):2016-2025. PMID: 33734704 -
Eur J Pharm Sci
Investigating the relevance of CYP2J2 inhibition for drugs known to cause intermediate to high risk torsades de pointes. [Abstract]2023 Aug 1:187:106475. PMID: 37225005 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
An enoyl-ACP reductase inhibitor, NITD-916, expresses anti- Mycobacterium abscessus activity. [Abstract]2025 May 23:e0024925. PMID: 40407337 -
mLife
Identification of a phenyl ester covalent inhibitor of caseinolytic protease and analysis of the ClpP1P2 inhibition in mycobacteria. [Abstract]2025 Apr 15;4(2):155-168. PMID: 40313980 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
2024 Oct 29:e0094524. PMID: 39470202 -
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Dihydrotanshinone I Is Effective against Drug-Resistant Helicobacter pylori In Vitro and In Vivo. [Abstract]2021 Feb 17;65(3):e01921-20. PMID: 33318002 -
Front Microbiol
Tedizolid Activity Against Clinical Mycobacterium abscessus Complex Isolates-An in vitro Characterization Study. [Abstract]2018 Sep 7:9:2095. PMID: 30245674 -
Microbiol Spectr
Antimicrobial resistance of rapidly growing mycobacteria isolated from companion animals in Taiwan. [Abstract]2025 May 19:e0307424. PMID: 40387379 -
ACS Infect Dis
Toward a Bactericidal Oral Drug Combination for the Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Lung Disease. [Abstract]2025 Apr 1. PMID: 40168319 -
ACS Chem Biol
Investigate Natural Product Indolmycin and the Synthetically Improved Analogue Toward Antimycobacterial Agents. [Abstract]2022 Jan 21;17(1):39-53. PMID: 34908399 -
Pathogens
N-Acetylcysteine as a Host-Directed Therapy Against Clarithromycin-Resistant Mycobacterium abscessus. [Abstract]2025 Mar 21;14(4):302. PMID: 40333083 -
Infect Drug Resist
In vitro Activity of the Novel Tetracyclines Derivative, Zifanocycline Against Mycobacterium abscessus. [Abstract]2025 Oct 4:18:5239-5247. PMID: 41069760 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Dual-cardiotoxicity evaluation of torsadogenic risk drugs using human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. [Abstract]2025 Oct 30:786:152756. PMID: 41043280 -
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Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (44.56 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (3.34 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (3.34 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (286 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. D H Peters, et al. Clarithromycin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. Drugs. 1992 Jul;44(1):117-64. [Content Brief]
[2]. X J Zhao, et al. An in vitro study on the metabolism and possible drug interactions of rokitamycin, a macrolide antibiotic, using human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Jul;27(7):776-85. [Content Brief]
[3]. Scott J C Stanat, et al. Characterization of the inhibitory effects of erythromycin and clarithromycin on the HERG potassium channel. Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Dec;254(1-2):1-7. [Content Brief]
[4]. Giulia Petroni, et al. Clarithromycin inhibits autophagy in colorectal cancer by regulating the hERG1 potassium channel interaction with PI3K. Cell Death Dis. 2020 Mar 2;11(3):161. [Content Brief]
[5]. S P Klemens, et al. Activity of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in beige mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 Nov;36(11):2413-7. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 1.3370 mL | 6.6849 mL | 13.3698 mL | 33.4245 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2674 mL | 1.3370 mL | 2.6740 mL | 6.6849 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1337 mL | 0.6685 mL | 1.3370 mL | 3.3425 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0891 mL | 0.4457 mL | 0.8913 mL | 2.2283 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0668 mL | 0.3342 mL | 0.6685 mL | 1.6712 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0535 mL | 0.2674 mL | 0.5348 mL | 1.3370 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0446 mL | 0.2228 mL | 0.4457 mL | 1.1142 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0334 mL | 0.1671 mL | 0.3342 mL | 0.8356 mL |
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