Cat. No.: HY-W031757

Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid

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Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid is an orally active anthraquinone compound and Antibacterial agent. Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid can be isolated from Bajitian. Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid inhibits the activation of DPP-IV, COX-2, NF-κB and AP-1. Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid blocks IAV-induced activation of the RIG-I/STAT1 pathway, alleviates IAV-mediated weight loss, and protects against lethal IAV infection. Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid inhibits the growth of various Staphylococcus strains. It possesses potent anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic and antibacterial activities.\n

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.0%
CAS No.: 117-78-2
Formula: C₁₅H₈O₄
Molecular Weight:252.22

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 117-78-2

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

DPP-4

COX-2

STAT1

All Dipeptidyl Peptidase Isoforms :

All COX Isoforms :

All NF-κB Isoforms :

All AP-1 Isoforms :

All RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) Isoforms :

RIG-I
MDA5

All STAT Isoforms :

In Vitro

Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (50 μM; 6 h) potently inhibits LPS-induced expression of iNOS, TNF-α and COX-2 mRNA in RAW264.7 macrophages^[1].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (50 μM; 16 h) potently inhibits LPS-induced COX-2 protein expression in RAW264.7 macrophages^[1].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (50 μM) potently inhibits PMA-induced NF-κB and AP-1 promoter activities in HEK293 cells^[1].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (0.005-100 μM; 72 h for cytotoxicity assay) inhibits the cytopathic effect induced by four different influenza virus strains in MDCK cells, with EC₅₀ values ranging from 33.34 to 73.45 μM, and shows no cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 100 μM^[2].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (1.23-100 μM) reduces the viral RNA copy number and infectious particle yield of H1N1 PR/8 in MDCK cells in a dose-dependent manner, with the maximum inhibitory effect observed at 100 μM^[2].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (3.7-100 μM; 24 h) reduces the expressions of PB2, NP and NS1 proteins in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner^[2].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (3.7-100 μM; 24 h) dose-dependently inhibits the activation of the RIG-I/STAT1 signaling pathway in A549 cells induced by H1N1 PR/8^[2].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (18 h) inhibits the growth of various Staphylococcus strains, with an MIC of 62.5 µg/mL against S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, 125 µg/mL against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. epidermidis KCTC 13171, and 250 µg/mL against MRSA1, MRSA2, and S. saprophyticus ATCC 15305^[3].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (18 h) acts synergistically with copper oxide nanoparticles against *Staphylococcus aureus* ATCC 25923, reducing its effective MIC from 125 µg/mL to 15.6 µg/mL, with a resulting FICI of 0.375^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Real Time qPCR^[1]

Cell Line:

murine RAW264.7 macrophage cells (LPS-stimulated)
Concentration:

50 μM
Incubation Time:

6 h
Result:

Significantly suppressed LPS-induced mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), with statistically significant reductions (P < 0.01) compared to LPS-treated control cells.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

murine RAW264.7 macrophage cells (LPS-stimulated)
Concentration:

25 μM, 50 μM
Incubation Time:

16 h
Result:

Significantly reduced LPS-induced COX-2 protein levels (P < 0.01) compared to LPS-treated control cells at 50 μM.
Did not produce a statistically significant reduction of LPS-induced COX-2 protein levels at 25 μM.

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

A549 cells
Concentration:

3.7-100 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Dose-dependently suppressed viral PB2, NP, and NS1 protein levels.
Reduced PB2 protein levels to ~20% of virus-only control levels at 100 μM.
Reduced NP protein levels to ~10% of virus-only control levels at 100 μM.
Reduced NS1 protein levels to ~30% of virus-only control levels at 100 μM.

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

A549 cells infected with H1N1 PR/8
Concentration:

3.7-100 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Dose-dependently decreased virus-induced upregulation of MDA5, RIG-I, p-STAT1, STAT1, and TRIM25 protein levels.
Caused a non-statistically significant downward trend in MAVS protein levels.

In Vivo

Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (3-30 mg/kg; p.o.; three times every 8 hours in one day) reduces HCl/EtOH-induced gastric mucosal lesions by 73% and suppresses inflammatory signaling and COX-2 expression in stomach tissue^[1].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (3-30 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose 30 minutes prior to aspirin) reduces aspirin-induced gastric mucosal lesions by 78% and suppresses neutrophil infiltration and inflammatory signaling in stomach tissue^[1].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (3-30 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 7 days) significantly reduces arachidonic acid-induced ear edema in mice^[1].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (30-60 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose 60 minutes prior to acetic acid) reduces acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes by 57% and 72%, respectively, in mice^[1].
Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (10-100 mg/kg; i.g.; daily; 5 days) dose-dependently protects BALB/c mice from lethal influenza A virus infection, with the 100 mg/kg dose rescuing 60% of mice, reducing viral loads in lung tissue, and mitigating lung injury and pro-inflammatory cytokine production^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

ICR (male, 6 weeks old, HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis)^[1]
Dosage:

3 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; three times every 8 hours in one day
Result:

Reduced HCl/EtOH-induced gastric mucosal erosive lesions by up to 73% at 30 mg/kg.
Significantly suppressed COX-2 mRNA expression in stomach tissue at both doses, with statistically significant reduction at 30 mg/kg relative to vehicle control.
Inhibited HCl/EtOH-induced phosphorylation of p38, Src, and Syk, and reduced degradation of IRAK1 in stomach tissue at both doses, with statistically significant effects at 30 mg/kg relative to vehicle control.

Animal Model:

ICR (male, 6 weeks old, aspirin-induced gastritis)^[1]
Dosage:

3 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; single dose 30 minutes prior to aspirin
Result:

Reduced aspirin-induced gastric mucosal erosive lesions by up to 78% at 30 mg/kg.
Significantly reduced MPO activity (a marker of neutrophil infiltration) in stomach tissue at both doses relative to vehicle control.
Reduced gastric mucosal damage observed via histopathology at 30 mg/kg.
Inhibited aspirin-induced degradation of IRAK1 in stomach tissue at both doses relative to vehicle control.

Animal Model:

ICR (male, 6 weeks old, arachidonic acid-induced ear edema and nociception)^[1]
Dosage:

3 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; daily; 7 days
Result:

Significantly reduced arachidonic acid-induced ear edema at both doses relative to vehicle control.

Animal Model:

ICR (male, 6 weeks old, acetic acid-induced abdominal nociception)^[1]
Dosage:

3 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg; 60 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o.; single dose 60 minutes prior to acetic acid
Result:

Reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes by 57% at 30 mg/kg relative to vehicle control.
Reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes by 72% at 60 mg/kg relative to vehicle control.

Animal Model:

BALB/c (female, 7 weeks old, 16-18 g, intranasal inoculation with 3×LD₅₀ of H1N1 PR/8 strain)^[2]
Dosage:

100 mg/kg; 10 mg/kg
Administration:

i.g.; daily; 5 days
Result:

Rescued 60% of mice from lethal influenza A virus challenge, mitigated initial weight loss, and facilitated progressive body weight restoration.
Significantly reduced lung viral RNA copy numbers (p < 0.0001) and infectious viral particle titers (p < 0.05) at 2 days post infection.
Alleviated influenza-induced lung pathology (reduced vascular congestion, edema, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration) and significantly decreased lung expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05).
Provided partial protection, with improved survival and reduced weight loss compared to vehicle controls, but with less pronounced effects than the 100 mg/kg dose.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 117-78-2
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 252.22
Formula C₁₅H₈O₄
Color Off-white to light yellow
SMILES

O=C(C1=C2C=CC=C1)C(C=C3C(O)=O)=C(C=C3)C2=O
Structure Classification
- Quinones
- Anthraquinones
Initial Source
- Plants
- other families
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (99.12 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.9648 mL

19.8240 mL

39.6479 mL

5 mM

0.7930 mL

3.9648 mL

7.9296 mL

10 mM

0.3965 mL

1.9824 mL

3.9648 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Dilution Calculator

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Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (286 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Park JG, et al. Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities of Anthraquinone-2-Carboxylic Acid. Mediators Inflamm. 2016;2016:1903849. [Content Brief]

[2]. Ren S, et al. Anthraquinone-2-Carboxylic Acid Is a Potential Antiviral Candidate Against Influenza Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo. Viruses. 2025;17(5):628. Published 2025 Apr 27. [Content Brief]

[3]. Srivastava P, et al. Synergistic action between copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles and anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (AQ) against Staphylococcus aureus[J]. Journal of Composites Science, 2023, 7(4): 135.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.9648 mL	19.8240 mL	39.6479 mL	99.1198 mL
	5 mM	0.7930 mL	3.9648 mL	7.9296 mL	19.8240 mL
	10 mM	0.3965 mL	1.9824 mL	3.9648 mL	9.9120 mL
	15 mM	0.2643 mL	1.3216 mL	2.6432 mL	6.6080 mL
	20 mM	0.1982 mL	0.9912 mL	1.9824 mL	4.9560 mL
	25 mM	0.1586 mL	0.7930 mL	1.5859 mL	3.9648 mL
	30 mM	0.1322 mL	0.6608 mL	1.3216 mL	3.3040 mL
	40 mM	0.0991 mL	0.4956 mL	0.9912 mL	2.4780 mL
	50 mM	0.0793 mL	0.3965 mL	0.7930 mL	1.9824 mL
	60 mM	0.0661 mL	0.3304 mL	0.6608 mL	1.6520 mL
	80 mM	0.0496 mL	0.2478 mL	0.4956 mL	1.2390 mL

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Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid

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All Dipeptidyl Peptidase Isoforms

All COX Isoforms

All NF-κB Isoforms

All AP-1 Isoforms

All RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) Isoforms

All STAT Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid Related Classifications

HY-W031757 Related Classifications