Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (YA1026)

Cat. No.: HY-P81299A: Data Sheet COA
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Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (YA1026) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to Phospho-PKR (Thr446).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Size	Stock	Quantity
20 μL	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 μL	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
100 μL	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
250 μL	Get quote

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Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (YA1026) Featured Recommendations:

WB: Western Blot;
IHC-P: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin;
IHC-F: Immunohistochemistry-Frozen;
ICC/IF: Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence;
IF-Tissue: Immunofluorescence-Tissue;
mIHC: Multiplex Immunohistochemical;
IP: Immunoprecipitation;
ChIP: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation;
FC: Flow Cytometry;
ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Product Detail
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Background
Documentation

Description

Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (YA1026) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to Phospho-PKR (Thr446).

Host

Rabbit

Clonality

Recombinant,Monoclonal

Molecular Weight

Predicted band size: 62 kDa;

Observed band size: 62 kDa

Note: Due to possible protein modifications or aggregation, the molecular weight should be confirmed by actual measurement, and the predicted value is for reference only.

Species Reactivity

Human

SwissProt ID

P19525

Gene ID

5610 [NCBI]

Immunogen

A synthesized peptide derived from human Phospho-PKR (T446)

Application &
Dilution Ratio

Application	Dilution Ratio
WB WB: Western Blot	1:500-1:1000
IHC-P IHC-P: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin	1:50-1:100
IP IP: Immunoprecipitation	1:50
ChIP ChIP: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation	1:20

Sensitivity	Endogenous	Purity	Affinity Chromatography
Conjugation	Non-conjugated	Modification	Phosphorylated
Isotype	IgG

Appearance

Liquid

Formulation

Supplied in Rabbit IgG in 10mM phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.05% BSA, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.

Storage & Stability

Stored at -20°C for 1 year. Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.

Shipping

Shipping with blue ice.

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IHC-P

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human spleen tissue using Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (HY-P81299A, 1/100). The section was pretreated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 8 minutes. The tissues were blocked with quick block buffer for 0.5 hours at room temperature, washed with PBS and PBST, and then incubated with the primary antibody overnight at 4℃. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human pancreas tissue using Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (HY-P81299A, 1/100). The section was pretreated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 8 minutes. The tissues were blocked with quick block buffer for 0.5 hours at room temperature, washed with PBS and PBST, and then incubated with the primary antibody overnight at 4℃. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.

Background

Function：IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) and plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection (PubMed:18835251, PubMed:19189853, PubMed:19507191, PubMed:21072047, PubMed:21123651, PubMed:22381929, PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23229543). Inhibits viral replication via the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to viral infection converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, resulting to a shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4 (PubMed:19189853, PubMed:21123651, PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23229543). Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1) (PubMed:11836380, PubMed:19189853, PubMed:19840259, PubMed:20171114, PubMed:21710204, PubMed:23115276, PubMed:23399035). Also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation: phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11 (PubMed:11836380, PubMed:19229320, PubMed:22214662). In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (PubMed:20395957). Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFNs (PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23084476, PubMed:23372823). Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6 (PubMed:10848580, PubMed:15121867, PubMed:15229216). Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP) (PubMed:20685959). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) (PubMed:20685959). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes (PubMed:22801494). Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin (By similarity)

Subcellular Localization：Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Cytoplasm, perinuclear region

Expression：
Tissue_specificity:Compared to non-hematopoietic tissues such as the small intestine, liver, or kidneys, this protein is highly expressed in the thymus, spleen, and bone marrow. In Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain tissue, this protein co-localizes with GSK3β and TAU. In breast and colon cancer, the level of this protein is elevated and associated with tumor progression, invasiveness, or risk of progression.

Induction:By type I interferons

Isoforms & Post-Translational Modification：P19525 has 2 isomers: P19525-1: 62094 Da (predicted); P19525-2: 57391 Da (predicted).
Autophosphorylated on several Ser, Thr and Tyr residues. Autophosphorylation of Thr-451 is dependent on Thr-446 and is stimulated by dsRNA binding and dimerization. Autophosphorylation apparently leads to the activation of the kinase. Tyrosine autophosphorylation is essential for efficient dsRNA-binding, dimerization, and kinase activation

Subunit：Homodimer (PubMed:16179258, PubMed:31246429). Interacts with STRBP (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC3. Forms a complex with FANCA, FANCC, FANCG and HSP70. Interacts with ADAR/ADAR1. Interacts with IRS1 (By similarity). The inactive form interacts with NCK1 and GSN. Interacts (via the kinase catalytic domain) with STAT3 (via SH2 domain), TRAF2 (C-terminus), TRAF5 (C-terminus) and TRAF6 (C-terminus). Interacts with MAP2K6, IKBKB/IKKB, NPM1, TARBP2, NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4 and AIM2. Interacts (via DRBM 1 domain) with DUS2L (via DRBM domain). Interacts with DHX9 (via N-terminus) and this interaction is dependent upon activation of the kinase. Interacts with EIF2S1/EIF-2ALPHA; this interaction induces a conformational change in EIF2S1 and its phosphorylation by EIF2AK2 (PubMed:16179258)

RRID

AB_3103397

Database

Entrez Gene: 5610 Human

SwissProt: P19525 Human

OMIM: 618877 Human

Research Field

Signal Transduction

Synonyms

EIF2AK2; PKR; PRKR; Interferon-induced; double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2; eIF-2A protein kinase 2; Interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase; P1/eIF-2A protein k

Documentation

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (234 KB) SDS (252 KB)

COA (206 KB)

User Guide for Antibodies (1077 KB)

Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (YA1026) Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Phospho-PKR (Thr446) Antibody (YA1026)

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Background

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