Avarone
Avarone ((+)-Avarone) is a sesquiterpenoidal quinone that can be isolated from Dysidea avara. Avarone shows cytotoxicity. Avarone shows antileukemic activity.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 55303-99-6
- Formula: C21H28O2
- Molecular Weight:312.45
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | IC50 |
30.03 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 26476666] |
| A549 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: 2 (Avarone)
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Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured A-549 cells of human lung carcinoma.
Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured A-549 cells of human lung carcinoma.
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10.1016/0960-894X(96)00326-5 |
| A549 | IC50 |
6.4 μM
Compound: Avarone
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Cytotoxic activity against cultured cells of A-549 human lung carcinoma.
Cytotoxic activity against cultured cells of A-549 human lung carcinoma.
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[PMID: 11312925] |
| HaCaT | IC50 |
37 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human HaCaT cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HaCaT cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 27128177] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
18.12 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 26476666] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
26.8 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in total cellular protein by kenacid blue R binding method
Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in total cellular protein by kenacid blue R binding method
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[PMID: 19995673] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: 2 (Avarone)
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Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured HT-29 cells of human colon carcinoma.
Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured HT-29 cells of human colon carcinoma.
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10.1016/0960-894X(96)00326-5 |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
6.4 μM
Compound: Avarone
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Cytotoxic activity against cultured cells of HT-29 human colon carcinoma.
Cytotoxic activity against cultured cells of HT-29 human colon carcinoma.
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[PMID: 11312925] |
| K562 | IC50 |
17.08 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 26476666] |
| K562 | IC50 |
4.9 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells by MTT assay
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[PMID: 19995673] |
| MDA-MB-453 | IC50 |
16.71 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-453 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-453 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 26476666] |
| MRC5 | IC50 |
>200 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells assessed as cell survival after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 26476666] |
| NCI-H460 | IC50 |
24 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against multidrug resistant human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against multidrug resistant human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 27128177] |
| NCI-H460 | IC50 |
84 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 27128177] |
| P388 | IC50 |
3.1 μM
Compound: 2 (Avarone)
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Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured P-388 cells of murine leukemia.
Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured P-388 cells of murine leukemia.
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10.1016/0960-894X(96)00326-5 |
| P388 | IC50 |
3.2 μM
Compound: Avarone
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Cytotoxic Activity against cultured cells of P-388 murine leukemia.
Cytotoxic Activity against cultured cells of P-388 murine leukemia.
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[PMID: 11312925] |
| PBMC | IC50 |
4.5 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human phytohemagglutininin-stimulated PBMC cells assessed as growth inhibition by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human phytohemagglutininin-stimulated PBMC cells assessed as growth inhibition by MTT assay
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[PMID: 19995673] |
| PBMC | IC50 |
4.8 μM
Compound: 2
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Cytotoxicity against human PBMC cells by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human PBMC cells by MTT assay
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[PMID: 19995673] |
| SK-MEL-28 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: 2 (Avarone)
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Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured MEL-28 cells of malign human melanoma.
Cytotoxicity was measured against neoplastic cultured MEL-28 cells of malign human melanoma.
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10.1016/0960-894X(96)00326-5 |
| SK-MEL-28 | IC50 |
6.4 μM
Compound: Avarone
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Cytotoxic activity against cultured cells of MEL-28 malign human melanoma.
Cytotoxic activity against cultured cells of MEL-28 malign human melanoma.
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[PMID: 11312925] |
In Vitro
Avarone (24, 48, 72 h) inhibits U937 cell growth with IC50s of 95.8, 52.9, 33.5 µM at 24, 48, 72 h, respectively[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:L5178Y, Melanoma, Hela, fibroblasts, human gingival cells
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Concentration:
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Incubation Time:
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Result:Showed cytotoxicity for L5178Y, Melanoma, Hela, fibroblasts, human gingival cells with ED50s of 0.62, 26.4, 8.7, 11.3, 76.4 µM, respectively.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:8-9 months, 32-35 g Male outbred NMIR mice (L5178Y cells)[2]
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Dosage:10 mg/kg
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Administration:I.p.; once daily for 5 days
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Result:Increased life span over controls by 146% when treatment was begun 1 day after tumor implantation and by 87% when treatment was delayed until day 8.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 55303-99-6
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Molecular Weight 312.45
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Formula C21H28O2
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SMILES
O=C1C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](C)CC[C@]3(C)C(C)=CCC[C@@]23[H])=CC(C=C1)=O
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Synonyms
(+)-Avarone
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
Dysidea avara
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocols
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Mammalian live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining
Live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining assays are based on the simultaneous detection of intracellular esterase activity in metabolically active (viable) cells and membrane integrity loss in non-viable cells. In commonly used dual-staining approaches, membrane-permeant fluorogenic substrates are converted by intracellular esterases into fluorescent products in live cells, while impermeant DNA-binding dyes selectively enter cells with compromised plasma membranes and label nucleic acids in dead or dying cells, enabling discrimination between viable and non-viable populations by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Sakurai J, et al. Highly efficient total synthesis of the marine natural products (+)-avarone, (+)-avarol, (-)-neoavarone, (-)-neoavarol and (+)-aureol. Chemistry. 2008;14(3):829-37. [Content Brief]
[2]. Müller WE, et al. Potent antileukemic activity of the novel cytostatic agent avarone and its analogues in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res. 1985 Oct;45(10):4822-6. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Avarone Related Classifications
HY-135771 Related Classifications
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