Streptozotocin
Based on 150 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Streptozotocin (Streptozocin; STZ) is an antibiotic widely used in experimental animal models of induced diabetes. Streptozotocin enters B cells via the glucose transporter (GLUT2) and causes the alkylation of DNA ( DNA-methylating ). Streptozotocin can induce the apoptosis of β cells.
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- Pureté: 99.13%
- CAS No.: 18883-66-4
- Formule: C8H15N3O7
- Masse moléculaire:265.22
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-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Streptozotocin
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Activité biologique
DNA alkylator[2]
The IC50 values of Streptozotocin for HL60, K562 and C1498 cells were 11.7, 904 and 1024 μg/ml, respectively[3].
Streptozotocin (0-20 mM, 48 h) (dissolved in citrate buffer, pH 4.4 and diluted in DMEM just before use) induces cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in HepG2 cells[7].
Streptozotocin (10 mM, 0-120 min) (dissolved in 50 mM sodium citrate and 0.45% NaCl, pH 4.5) is specifically transported by GLUT2, which contributes to the cytotoxicity in GLUT2-expressing cells[8].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.
Streptozotocin is suitable for constructing models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Streptozotocin is highly water-soluble, which is often dissolved in cold acidic citric acid buffer (pH 4.0-4.7), commonly used in animal experiments, ready for use. Once absorbed, distributes widely throughout the body, including crossing the blood-brain barrier and placenta, entering various tissues. In the liver, Streptozotocin undergoes chemical modification, converting into an active form that causes DNA methylation and damages pancreatic β-cells, leading to diabetes. The elimination half-life of Streptozotocin varies depending on the species and route of administration.
Administration: 100 mg/kg-220 mg/kg • i.p. • single high dose, or 40-60 mg/kg for five consecutive days.
Rat: Sprague-Dawley or Wistar rats • male • 8-10 weeks-old
Administration: 65 mg/kg • i.p. • single high dose.
1) The sensitivity of different species of animals to STZ varies greatly, and it is recommended to use male rats (female mice are more tolerant to STZ) [4];
2) Fasting without water before administration can increase the sensitivity of pancreatic β cells to STZ. STZ injection in model animals generally requires rapid injection;
3) Different strains of mice have different sensitivities to STZ. Studies have reported that the DBA/2 strain is the most sensitive, followed by C57BL6. Balb/cJ mice are resistant to multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetes[4];
4) After STZ treatment, animals die due to fatal hypoglycemia due to massive necrosis of pancreatic β-cells and sudden release of insulin, usually within 48 hours after injection. To prevent this, it is best to provide animals with 10% sucrose water regularly after STZ treatment. If animal mortality exceeds 20% when using a single high-dose STZ diabetic mouse protocol, treat animals with an intraperitoneal injection of 5% glucose solution within 6 hours of STZ injection[5];
5) preliminary experiments are required, and it is not recommended to directly use the administration methods and dosages in the literature.
Other indicators : generally accompanied by increased water intake, urine volume, and weight loss. Serum biochemical indexes such as total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein also increased significantly with the occurrence of diabetes.
Administration: 4-8 weeks of high-fat diet + low-dose i.p. injection of 30-70 mg/kg STZ for 3-5 days or a single i.p. dose of 90- 100 mg/kg.
Rat: Sprague-Dawley or Wistar rats • male • 8-10 weeks-old
Administration: 4-8 weeks of high-fat diet + i.p. injection of 25-40 mg/kg STZ, a single dose.
Same precautions as for "Induction of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)".
Other indicators : generally accompanied by increased water intake, urine volume, and weight loss. Serum biochemical indexes such as total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein also increased significantly with the occurrence of diabetes.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 18883-66-4
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Appearance Solid
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Masse moléculaire 265.22
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Formule C8H15N3O7
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](NC(N(C)N=O)=O)[C@H]1O
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Synonyms
Streptozocin; NSC-85998; U 9889
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
Streptomyces achromogenes
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Livraison
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
Stockage
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.
Publications (150)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell Metab
Tumor-associated Schwann cell remodeling under metabolic stress via lactate sensing orchestrates pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development. [Abstract]2025 Sep 2;37(9):1907-1925.e14. PMID: 40803319
Streptozotocin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Metab. 2025 Sep 2;37(9):1907-1925.e14. [Abstract]
Mice were fed a dietconsisting of one-third high-fat feed and two-thirds regular feed for 2 days, followed by a diet consisting of half high-fat feed and half regular feed for another 2 days. Finally, the mice were fed a diet consisting entirely of high-fat feed. After 6 weeks of continuous high-fat feed, Streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg, i.p., 5 consecutive days) was used to induce T2DM (DM-KPC). H&E and IHC staining of pancreatic tissues.
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Nat Biomed Eng
A fluorescence sandwich immunoassay for the real-time continuous detection of glucose and insulin in live animals. [Abstract]2021 Jan;5(1):53-63. PMID: 33349659
Streptozotocin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Biomed Eng. 2021 Jan;5(1):53-63. [Abstract]
Streptozotocin (STZ) was administered intra-peritoneally to each rat at a dose of 65 mg/kg. Water containing 10% sucrose was given to rats for 24 hours after injection with STZ to prevent hypoglycemia. RT-ELISA measurement of in vivo glucose concentrations over 30-50 mins in diabetic rats.
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Nat Biomed Eng
A co-formulation of supramolecularly stabilized insulin and pramlintide enhances mealtime glucagon suppression in diabetic pigs. [Abstract]2020 May;4(5):507-517. PMID: 32393892
Streptozotocin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Biomed Eng. 2020 May;4(5):507-517. [Abstract]
Male Sprague Dawley rats 160-230 g (8-10 weeks) were fasted 6-8 hours prior to treatment with Streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg, i.p.). Rats were provided with water containing 10% sucrose for 24 hours after injection with STZ. Blood glucose levels were tested for hyperglycemia daily. Fasted diabetic male rats received subcutaneous administration of different therapies.
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Autophagy
XIAP-ULK1-Mediated mitophagy modulates carnitine metabolism to mitigate diabetic kidney disease. [Abstract]2025 Oct 25. PMID: 41139215 -
Exp Mol Med
Glia maturation factor beta deficiency protects against diabetic osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclast hyperactivity. [Abstract]2023 May;55(5):898-909. PMID: 37121966 -
ACS Nano
Hydrogel-Powered Adversity Transformation: On-Demand Ultrasonic Switching Strategy for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing. [Abstract]2025 Oct 21;19(41):36813-36825. PMID: 41071711
Streptozotocin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Nano. 2025 Oct 21;19(41):36813-36825. [Abstract]
Type I diabetic mouse models was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg Streptozotocin (STZ) daily for 7 days in male C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old). Two weeks after STZ injection, mice with blood glucose levels exceeding 16.8 mmol/L were considered diabetic. Full-thickness skin wounds (10 mm in diameter) were created on the dorsum. POMHH promotes diabetic wounds healing by remodeling the wound microenvironment.
Streptozotocin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Nano. 2025 Oct 21;19(41):36813-36825. [Abstract]
Type I diabetic mouse models was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg Streptozotocin (STZ) daily for 7 days in male C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old). Two weeks after STZ injection, mice with blood glucose levels exceeding 16.8 mmol/L were considered diabetic. Full-thickness skin wounds (10 mm in diameter) were created on the dorsum. POMHH promotes diabetic wounds healing by remodeling the wound microenvironment
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J Adv Res
Aberrant activation of p53-TRIB3 axis contributes to diabetic myocardial insulin resistance and sulforaphane protection. [Abstract]2025 Jun:72:467-484. PMID: 39069209 -
J Adv Res
Discovery and identification of semaphorin 4D as a bioindicator of high fracture incidence in type 2 diabetic mice with glucose control. [Abstract]2025 Mar 10:S2090-1232(25)00174-2. PMID: 40073972 -
J Adv Res
Asperosaponin VI inhibition of DNMT alleviates GPX4 suppression-mediated osteoblast ferroptosis and diabetic osteoporosis. [Abstract]2024 Dec 6:S2090-1232(24)00554-X. PMID: 39647633 -
Cardiovasc Diabetol
Piezo1 deletion mitigates diabetic cardiomyopathy by maintaining mitochondrial dynamics via ERK/Drp1 pathway. [Abstract]2025 Mar 20;24(1):127. PMID: 40114130 -
Cardiovasc Diabetol
Down-regulation of WWP2 aggravates Type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial injury through modulating ubiquitination and degradation of DDX3X. [Abstract]2023 May 6;22(1):107. PMID: 37149668 -
Sci Transl Med
An ultrafast insulin formulation enabled by high-throughput screening of engineered polymeric excipients. [Abstract]2020 Jul 1;12(550):eaba6676. PMID: 32611683 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Spatiotemporal controlled release of YCM/Cu2⁺ hydrogel microneedle system synergistically accelerates chronic wound healing in diabetes. [Abstract]2026 Apr 14;24(1):494. PMID: 41981667 -
Cell Rep Med
Hypothalamic malate dehydrogenase 2 modulates systemic glucose metabolism through oxytocin-mediated thermogenesis. [Abstract]2026 Feb 17;7(2):102616. PMID: 41672064 -
Cell Death Differ
AARS1-mediated lactylation of H3K18 and STAT1 promotes ferroptosis in diabetic nephropathy. [Abstract]2025 Sep 23. PMID: 40987895 -
J Control Release
Circular RNA-based therapy provides sustained and robust expression of FGF2 to accelerate diabetic wound healing. [Abstract]2025 Dec 10;388(Pt 2):114382. PMID: 41192517 -
Int J Biol Sci
DNA Polymerase Gamma Acetylation Governs Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Vascular Cell Senescence. [Abstract]2026 Feb 4;22(5):2435-2451. PMID: 41800262 -
Int J Biol Sci
Targeted Inhibition of LPL/FABP4/CPT1 fatty acid metabolic axis can effectively prevent the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis to liver cancer. [Abstract]2021 Oct 11;17(15):4207-4222. PMID: 34803493 -
Phytomedicine
2026 Jan:150:157671. PMID: 41385948 -
Phytomedicine
Safranal accelerates diabetic wound healing by suppressing ferroptosis through modulation of transcription factor Forkhead Box O3. [Abstract]2026 Jan:150:157675. PMID: 41385950 -
Phytomedicine
Baicalin alleviates lipid metabolism disorders in diabetic kidney disease via targeting FKBP51. [Abstract]2025 Apr:139:156473. PMID: 39986224 -
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Mater Today Bio
Nature-derived microneedles with metal-polyphenolic networks encapsulation for chronic soft tissue defects repair: Responding and remodeling the regenerative microenvironment. [Abstract]2025 Feb 1:31:101539. PMID: 40026624 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Immunomodulatory Hydrogel for Electrostatically Capturing Pro-inflammatory Factors and Chemically Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species in Chronic Diabetic Wound Remodeling. [Abstract]2024 Dec;13(31):e2402080. PMID: 39380409 -
Acta Biomater
A calcitonin gene-related peptide co-crosslinked hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing by regulating M2 macrophage polarization and angiogenesis. [Abstract]2025 Apr:196:109-122. PMID: 40020959 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
Mangiferin alleviates diabetic pulmonary fibrosis in mice via inhibiting endothelial-mesenchymal transition through AMPK/FoxO3/SIRT3 axis. [Abstract]2024 May;45(5):1002-1018. PMID: 38225395 -
Cell Death Discov
Upregulation of rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol metabolism by PKCδ mediates endothelial apoptosis in diabetic wound healing. [Abstract]2024 May 29;10(1):263. PMID: 38811564 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
Fisetin treatment alleviates kidney injury in mice with diabetes-exacerbated atherosclerosis through inhibiting CD36/fibrosis pathway. [Abstract]2023 Oct;44(10):2065-2074. PMID: 37225845 -
J Orthop Translat
2024 Jul 25:48:25-38. PMID: 39087140 -
Diabetes
2022 Nov 1;71(11):2412-2425. PMID: 35984399 -
Dev Cell
A pathological role of O-GlcNAcylation-driven TR11B production and function in lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Sep 3:S1534-5807(25)00530-1. PMID: 40930100 -
Chin Med J (Engl)
XBP1-mediated mitochondrial damage activates the mtDNA/STING/NLRP3 pathway to delay diabetic wound healing. [Abstract]2026 May 26. PMID: 42192237 -
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Int J Biol Macromol
ETS transcription factor 1-insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2-interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 pathway promotes ferroptosis-driven osteoblast senescence in diabetic osteoporosis. [Abstract]2026 Mar:350:150917. PMID: 41692190 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Dual-functional gallium/chitosan/silk/umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosome sponge scaffold for diabetic wound by angiogenesis and antibacteria. [Abstract]2024 Jun 24;274(Pt 2):133420. PMID: 38925194 -
Int J Mol Med
Synergistic effects of Akebia saponin D and Semaglutide on diabetic nephropathy and osteoporosis via the Klotho‑p53 signaling axis. [Abstract]2026 Jan;57(1):25. PMID: 41268608 -
Mol Med
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exendin 4 ameliorates diabetes-associated vascular calcification by regulating mitophagy through the AMPK signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 May 8;30(1):58. PMID: 38720283 -
Clin Transl Med
O-GlcNAcylation promotes malignancy and cisplatin resistance of lung cancer by stabilising NRF2. [Abstract]2024 Oct;14(10):e70037. PMID: 39358921 -
Clin Transl Med
2021 Apr;11(4):e387. PMID: 33931977 -
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
Mitochondrial-Targeting Drug-Loaded Nanoparticles Reprogram Macrophage Metabolism via ROS/NO Co-elimination for Diabetic Wound Healing. [Abstract]2025 Dec 24;17(51):69180-69195. PMID: 41383171 -
Cell Rep
High glucose impairs cognitive function by inducing lipid droplet accumulation through lactylation of HSD17B10 at K105. [Abstract]2026 Jun 11;45(6):117550. PMID: 42275213 -
Cell Rep
SUCLG1 deficiency-induced histone succinylation impairs oncogene expression in acute myeloid leukemia. [Abstract]2025 Aug 12;44(8):116147. PMID: 40811057 -
Cell Rep
Depletion of CUL4B in macrophages ameliorates diabetic kidney disease via miR-194-5p/ITGA9 axis. [Abstract]2023 May 23;42(6):112550. PMID: 37224018 -
J Med Chem
High-Throughput Screening of Natural Products Alleviating Diabetic Nephropathy Using a Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) Responsive Fluorescent Probe. [Abstract]2026 Jan 22;69(2):1698-1709. PMID: 41480733 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Procyanidin B2 attenuates microvascular dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy via inhibition of caspase-1/GSDMD mediated pyroptosis. [Abstract]2025 Mar 26:344:119528. PMID: 39986358 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Serum metabolomics and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveal the role of puerarin in alleviating bone loss aggravated by antidiabetic agent pioglitazone in type 2 diabetic mice. [Abstract]2025 Jan 31:340:119128. PMID: 39617084 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Phthalides from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. attenuate diabetic nephropathy in mice. [Abstract]2023 Sep 29;319(Pt 2):117247. PMID: 37777028 -
J Agric Food Chem
Hesperetin-Attenuated Diabetes-Induced Vascular Endothelial Injury, Associated with Gut Microbiota Modulation and Cholesterol Homeostasis. [Abstract]2025 Oct 27. PMID: 41140140 -
Biochem Pharmacol
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Solvant et solubilité
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (377.05 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 100 mg/mL (377.05 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: Sodium Citrate Buffer, 0.1M, pH 4.0
Solubility: 50 mg/mL (188.52 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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-
-
-
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Pureté et documentation
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Fiche technique (291 KB)
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SDS (571 KB)
- English - EN (571 KB)
- Français - FR (571 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (571 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (571 KB)
- Español - ES (571 KB)
- Swedish - SV (571 KB)
- Italian - IT (571 KB)
- Korean - KR (571 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (571 KB)
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Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)
Références
[1]. Bennett RA, et al. Alkylation of DNA in rat tissues following administration of streptozotocin. Cancer Res. 1981 Jul;41(7):2786-90. [Content Brief]
[2]. Huang F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of a new peptide from Squalus mitsukurii liver (S-8300) in streptozocin-induced diabetic mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Dec;57(12):1575-80. [Content Brief]
[3]. Diab RA, et al. Immunotoxicological effects of streptozotocin and alloxan: in vitro and in vivo studies. Immunol Lett. 2015 Feb;163(2):193-8. [Content Brief]
[4]. Furman BL. Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Models in Mice and Rats. Curr Protoc Pharmacol. 2015 Sep 1;70:5.47.1-5.47.20. [Content Brief]
[5]. Kim B, et al. Outbred Mice with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Show Sex Differences in Glucose Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 8;24(6):5210. [Content Brief]
[6]. Gurley SB, et al. Impact of genetic background on nephropathy in diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2006 Jan;290(1):F214-22. [Content Brief]
[7]. Raza H, et al. Streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(5):5751-5767. [Content Brief]
[8]. Schnedl WJ, et al. STZ transport and cytotoxicity. Specific enhancement in GLUT2-expressing cells. Diabetes. 1994 Nov;43(11):1326-33. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 3.7705 mL | 18.8523 mL | 37.7045 mL | 94.2614 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7541 mL | 3.7705 mL | 7.5409 mL | 18.8523 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3770 mL | 1.8852 mL | 3.7705 mL | 9.4261 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2514 mL | 1.2568 mL | 2.5136 mL | 6.2841 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1885 mL | 0.9426 mL | 1.8852 mL | 4.7131 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1508 mL | 0.7541 mL | 1.5082 mL | 3.7705 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1257 mL | 0.6284 mL | 1.2568 mL | 3.1420 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0943 mL | 0.4713 mL | 0.9426 mL | 2.3565 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0754 mL | 0.3770 mL | 0.7541 mL | 1.8852 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0628 mL | 0.3142 mL | 0.6284 mL | 1.5710 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0471 mL | 0.2357 mL | 0.4713 mL | 1.1783 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0377 mL | 0.1885 mL | 0.3770 mL | 0.9426 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Streptozotocin Related Classifications
HY-13753 Related Classifications
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