Lauryl sulfate
Lauryl sulfate (Dodecyl hydrogen sulphate) is an anionic chaotropic surfactant. Lauryl sulfate dissolves viral envelopes, denatures viral proteins, inhibits viral infectivity and HIV-1 syncytium formation. Lauryl sulfate potently inhibits the infectivity of HSV-1 strain F (ED50 = 17.9 μM) and HSV-2 strain 333 (ED50 = 32.7 μM). Lauryl sulfate induces environmental toxicity, disrupting environmental balance and physiological processes of organisms. As a contaminant, Lauryl sulfate is toxic to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Lauryl sulfate can be used in studies related to sexually transmitted infections.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 151-41-7
- Formula: C12H26O4S
- Molecular Weight:266.40
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
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HIV-1 |
HSV-1 |
HSV-2 |
Lauryl sulfate (100 μM) does not inhibit the activities of purified calf thymus DNA polymerase α, recombinant rat DNA polymerase β, or recombinant terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase at a concentration of 100 μM[1].
Lauryl sulfate (1 h) potently inhibits the infectivity of HSV-1 strain F (ED50 = 17.9 μM) and HSV-2 strain 333 (ED50 = 32.7 μM) in Vero cells by acting directly on the virus rather than host cells, and it targets the post-virus-binding entry step[4].
Lauryl sulfate completely inhibits HIV-1-dependent syncytium formation between 1G5 and J1.1 cells. Its action preferentially targets viral envelope proteins on the surface of infected cells, and this mechanism differs significantly from that underlying its inhibition of viral cell infection[4].
Lauryl sulfate inhibits the infectivity of poliovirus, reovirus and rotavirus in HeLa and CV-1 cells in a pH-dependent manner, with the strongest inhibitory effect at acidic pH, while it stabilizes poliovirus at neutral/basic pH. Its mechanism of action involves viral dissociation or capsid protein extraction[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Intravaginal gel pretreatment with Lauryl sulfate (gel containing 2.5% Lauryl sulfate; administered intravaginally) completely prevents genital HSV-2 infection and death in mice, and maintains significant protective efficacy for at least 1 hour after administration[4].
Pretreatment of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) with lauryl sulfate (6.25-100 μM; virus pretreated at 37°C for 1 hour; inoculated onto scratched skin) completely prevents skin lesions and death caused by HSV-1 infection in female hairless SKH1 mice, whereas lower concentrations improve survival rate but fail to reduce lesion scores[5].
Buffered solutions of lauryl sulfate (1-5%; administered intravaginally) completely prevent perineal lesions and death caused by lethal HSV-2 infection in progestogen-pretreated female BALB/c mice[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Rabbits[4]
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Dosage:1.7 mM
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Administration:viral pretreatment; 10 min; 37°C
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Result:Prevented papilloma development at 80% of sites and resulted in only very small papillomas at remaining 20% sites 4 weeks post-inoculation (lower viral inoculum).
Delayed papilloma development at each inoculated site (higher viral inoculum).
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Animal Model:Mice[4]
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Dosage:2.5%
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Administration:intravaginal; 5 minutes prior to viral inoculation; 1 hour prior to viral inoculation
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Result:Completely prevented development of genital herpetic lesions, eliminated detectable infectious virus in vaginal mucosa, and resulted in 100% survival (pretreatment 5 minutes prior to inoculation).
Provided significant protection (pretreatment 1 hour prior to inoculation).
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Animal Model:SKH1 (female, 5 to 6 weeks old, cutaneous HSV-1 infection model)[5]
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Dosage:6.25 μM (virus pretreatment); 25 μM (virus pretreatment); 100 μM (virus pretreatment)
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Administration:inoculated onto scarified skin; virus pretreatment for 1 hour at 37°C
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Result:Increased survival rate to 67% (vs. 50% control) with no significant reduction in mean lesion score.
Increased survival rate to 83% with no significant reduction in mean lesion score.
Eliminated cutaneous lesion development and achieved 100% survival rate over 15 days.
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Animal Model:BALB/c (female, 4 weeks old, intravaginal HSV-2 infection model, progestogen primed)[5]
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Dosage:1% (intravaginal pretreatment); 5% (intravaginal pretreatment)
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Administration:intravaginal
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Result:Prevented perineal redness and swelling throughout the 15-day observation period.
Achieved 100% survival rate (vs. control mortality between days 6 and 11).
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 151-41-7
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Molecular Weight 266.40
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Formula C12H26O4S
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SMILES
O=S(=O)(O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC
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Synonyms
Dodecyl hydrogen sulphate; Dodecyl sulfate
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Nakamura R, et al. Chemical properties of fatty acid derivatives as inhibitors of DNA polymerases. Org Biomol Chem. 2007 Dec 21;5(24):3912-21. [Content Brief]
[3]. Guo Y, et al. Pharmaceutical Lauryl Sulfate Salts: Prevalence, Formation Rules, and Formulation Implications. Molecular pharmaceutics. 2022 Feb 07;19(2):432-439. [Content Brief]
[4]. Piret J, et al. Sodium lauryl sulfate, a microbicide effective against enveloped and nonenveloped viruses. Current drug targets. 2002 Feb;3(1):17-30. [Content Brief]
[5]. Piret J, et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of sodium lauryl sulfate and dextran sulfate as microbicides against herpes simplex and human immunodeficiency viruses. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2000 Jan;38(1):110-9. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Lauryl sulfate Related Classifications
HY-184852 Related Classifications
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