HSV Infection

Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine inhibits the membrane aggregation of NINJ1 and prevents plasma membrane rupture during cell death. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis.

Carrageenan is an antiviral and anticancer agent. Carrageenan inhibits herpes simplex virus (HSV), HIV, and hepatitis A virus (HAV) by directly binding to the viral capsid to block the attachment of viruses such as HPV to HSPG factors on the cell surface. Carrageenan delays and arrests cell cycle progression, exhibits cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cells, and can be applied to studies related to cervical cancer, genital warts, hepatitis A, and other conditions. Carrageenan also induces acute non-immune inflammation, triggers a three-phase inflammatory response involving the release of multiple proinflammatory mediators, and causes persistent edema, hyperalgesia, and neutrophil recruitment in mice.

Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) is a Cyclopentenone prostaglandin. Prostaglandin A2 induces Caspase-dependent Apoptosis, activates p53. Prostaglandin A2 activates ERK2 and JNK1/SAPK. Prostaglandin A2 shows antiviral activity against HSV-1. Prostaglandin A2 has anti-tumor effects. Prostaglandin A2 can be used for the research of colorectal cancer, colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and herpetic keratitis.

1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue is a photosensitizer, virus inactivator and hemoglobin oxidant derived from methylene blue. When activated, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue generates reactive oxygen species including singlet oxygen, and acts as a metachromatic dye. When activated in monomeric or dimeric form, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue induces photoinactivation of R17 phage and vesicular stomatitis virus and oxidizes hemoglobin via non-singlet oxygen reactive oxygen species or singlet oxygen-mediated pathways, respectively. The monomeric form, with higher nucleic acid affinity, achieves virus inactivation under specific conditions without forming methemoglobin. 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue binds to substances such as glycosaminoglycans to produce color changes. Although it is susceptible to interference from non-glycosaminoglycan components in urine, it is still applicable to spectrophotometric analysis for glycosaminoglycan quantification. With these unique photochemical and binding properties, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue is widely used in studies of viral infections and related biochemical analyses.

Brassicasterol is a metabolite of Ergosterol and has cardiovascular protective effects. Brassicasterol exerts anticancer effects in prostate cancer through dual targeting of AKT and androgen receptor signaling pathways. Brassicasterol inhibits HSV-1 (IC₅₀=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Brassicasterol also inhibits sterol δ 24-reductase, slowing the progression of atherosclerosis. Brassicasterol is also a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.

Pegtarazimod TFA (RLS-0071 TFA) is a dual-target anti-inflammatory peptide that exerts its effects by simultaneously regulating the complement system and neutrophil-associated inflammatory pathways. Pegtarazimod TFA reduces ROS production both in vitro and in vivo, and decreases the level of neutrophil elastase, a marker of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), in vivo, thereby alleviating inflammatory responses. Pegtarazimod TFA significantly improves the survival rate of mice in multiple in vivo models of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Pegtarazimod TFA inhibits the activation of the C1 complex, reduces the herpes zoster-like spread of herpes simplex virus type 1 skin infection, and improves the survival rate of infected mice. Pegtarazimod TFA can be used in research related to acute graft-versus-host disease, acute pulmonary diseases, and skin herpes simplex virus type 1 infection.

(Rac)-Adibelivir hydrochloride ((Rac)-IM-250 hydrochloride) is a blood-brain barrier-penetrant HSV helicase-primase inhibitor and metabolic stabilizer with antiviral activity. (Rac)-Adibelivir hydrochloride is also effective against Acyclovir (HY-17422)-resistant strains, and its deuterated structure exhibits enhanced metabolic stability, reducing the formation of hydroxylated metabolites. (Rac)-Adibelivir prolongs in vivo half-life, reduces administration dosage, improves oral bioavailability, and achieves higher brain exposure in mice. (Rac)-Adibelivir hydrochloride can be used in the research of herpes simplex infection, herpes encephalitis and Alzheimer's disease.

Caulerpin is an orally active natural product with anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, anti-bacteria and analgesic activities. Caulerpin acts as an inhibitor of mitochondrial ETC complex I and acetylcholinesterase. Caulerpin blocks hypoxia-induced activation of HIF-1α protein, inhibits VEGF secretion and tumor angiogenesis under hypoxic conditions, reduces the expression of NLRP3 and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppresses the load of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Caulerpin can be used in studies related to breast cancer, prostate cancer, tuberculosis and viral infections.

Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium solution (100 mM ± 3 mM) (GCV-TP disodium) is a competitive DNA polymerase inhibitor and a metabolite of Ganciclovir (HY-13637). Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium solution (100 mM ± 3 mM) can replace Guanine-5'-triphosphate to terminate DNA chain extension, and mimics dGTP (HY-138616) to compete with mammalian DNA polymerases. Ganciclovir triphosphate disodium solution (100 mM ± 3 mM) can be used in research related to HSV infection, retinoblastoma, glioblastoma and colorectal cancer.

Ganciclovir triphosphate (GCV-TP) is a competitive DNA polymerase inhibitor and a metabolite of Ganciclovir (HY-13637). Ganciclovir triphosphate can replace Guanine-5'-triphosphate to terminate DNA chain extension, and mimics dGTP (HY-138616) to compete with mammalian DNA polymerases. Ganciclovir triphosphate can be used in research related to HSV infection, retinoblastoma, glioblastoma and colorectal cancer.

UCM05 (G28UCM) is a fatty acid synthase (FASN) and filamentous temperature-sensitive protein Z (Ftsz) inhibitor. UCM05 inhibits fatty acid synthesis, viral replication, and Gram-positive bacterial growth. UCM05 binds to FtsZ GTP-binding sites, inhibits GTPase activity, and disrupts Z-ring localization. UCM05 can be used for the research of HSV-1/2 infection, HIV-1 infection, and Gram-positive bacterial infections^[1][2][3].

RBN012811 is a highly selective PROTAC-based PARP14 degrader. RBN012811 forms a ternary complex with cereblon by binding to the NAD⁺ site of PARP14, and mediates the specific degradation of PARP14 via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (IC₅₀=10 nM). RBN012811 effectively depletes endogenous PARP14 in various cell lines and primary human macrophages, thereby downregulating IL-10 production and IFN-β mRNA levels, increasing phosphorylated STAT1 levels to enhance inflammatory signaling, and inhibiting interferon-induced ADPr condensate formation. RBN012811 also modulates viral replication, exhibiting increased HSV1 replication while reducing VSV replication. RBN012811 has important application value in research related to cancer and viral infections.

Casuarinin is an orally active antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, virucidal and gastroprotective agent. Casuarinin upregulates the expression of p21/WAF1, Fas/APO‑1, mFasL, sFasL and HSP‑70, arrests cell cycle, induces apoptosis and inhibits cancer cell proliferation. Casuarinin inhibits TNF‑α-induced phosphorylation of MAPK and activation of NF‑κB, downregulates the expression of iNOS, NF‑κB, COX‑2 and ICAM‑1, and reduces the production of proinflammatory mediators. Casuarinin attenuates ethanol-induced activation of caspase‑3 and elevation of TNF‑α, inhibits the growth of Candida albicans, and inhibits HSV‑2. Casuarinin can be used in research related to mammary adenocarcinoma, inflammatory skin diseases, gastric ulcers, candidiasis and herpes simplex virus infections.

Arabinosylhypoxanthine is a purine nucleoside analog. Arabinosylhypoxanthine selectively inhibits viral DNA synthesis. Arabinosylhypoxanthine exhibits anti-HSV activity. Arabinosylhypoxanthine can be used in studies related to herpes simplex virus infection.

Vidarabine monohydrate is a Purine nucleoside derivative and Antiviral agent. The triphosphate derivative of Vidarabine monohydrate competitively inhibits DNA polymerase, incorporates into the terminus of elongating DNA molecules, and interferes with the early steps of viral DNA synthesis. Vidarabine monohydrate inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and vaccinia virus, reduces viral shedding, and accelerates skin healing. Vidarabine monohydrate is metabolized to arabinosyl hypoxanthine, causes minimal impairment of corneal wound healing in rabbit models, and is associated with recurrence of herpes simplex encephalitis. Vidarabine monohydrate can be used in the research of herpetic keratoconjunctivitis, herpes simplex encephalitis, herpetic uveitis, and chronic active hepatitis associated with hepatitis B virus.

ABI-5366 is a helicase-primase inhibitor. ABI-5366 can be used for research of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.

HSV-60mer sodium is a 60 bp double-stranded DNA oligonucleotide derived from the HSV-1 genome, and also an IFNβ inducer. HSV-60mer sodium colocalizes with endogenous cytoplasmic IFI16 in immune cells. HSV-60mer sodium activates the transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB, induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and inhibits HSV-1 replication in immune cells. HSV-60mer sodium can be used in studies related to herpes simplex virus type 1 infection.

Fiacitabine (NSC 382097; FIAC; FOAC) is a potent and highly selective anti-herpesvirus agent. Fiacitabine acts as an inhibitor of HSV DNA polymerase, with a K_i of 0.26 μM for HSV-1 and 0.42 μM for HSV-2, respectively. Fiacitabine can be efficiently phosphorylated by thymidine kinase encoded by the virus itself to generate FIACTP, an active triphosphate metabolite. Fiacitabine is applicable to research related to herpesvirus infections.

HN0037 is a selective, orally active Helicase-primase inhibitor. HN0037 is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4. HN0037 inhibits HSV replication by targeting the viral helicase-primase complex, which consists of three proteins encoded by UL5 (helicase), UL52 (primase), and UL8 (scaffold protein that promotes primer synthesis).

UCM05 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lysipressin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. UCM05 (G28UCM) is a fatty acid synthase (FASN) and filamentous temperature-sensitive protein Z (Ftsz) inhibitor. UCM05 inhibits fatty acid synthesis, viral replication, and Gram-positive bacterial growth. UCM05 binds to FtsZ GTP-binding sites, inhibits GTPase activity, and disrupts Z-ring localization. UCM05 can be used for the research of HSV-1/2 infection, HIV-1 infection, and Gram-positive bacterial infections^[1][2][3].