Glycine
Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine inhibits the membrane aggregation of NINJ1 and prevents plasma membrane rupture during cell death. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.93%
- CAS No.: 56-40-6
- Formula: C2H5NO2
- Molecular Weight:75.07
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Storage:
Store at room temperature 3 years.
In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Glycine
More- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Mar 29;23(1):258. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2024 May:71:103112. [Abstract]
- Diabetologia. 2024 Apr;67(4):738-754. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 Mar:352:151186. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2024 Feb 21;22(1):192. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2025 Dec 1;9(1):19. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Oct 19;26(20):10154. [Abstract]
- Molecules. 2025 Mar 9;30(6):1224. [Abstract]
- Molecules. 2024 Jul 30;29(15):3590. [Abstract]
- Oncol Rep. 2025 Dec;54(6):169. [Abstract]
- Amino Acids. 2024 Sep 18;56(1):56. [Abstract]
- Physiol Rep. 2025 Aug;13(16):e70465. [Abstract]
- JIMD Rep. 2024 Aug 19;65(5):341-353. [Abstract]
- Exp Brain Res. 2023 Dec;241(11-12):2735-2750. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2025 July 15.
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Biological Activity
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NMDA Receptor |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Microbial Metabolite |
NINJ1 |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | EC50 |
106 μM
Compound: 750
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Substrate uptake and inhibition of the Glycine Transporter-1 (GlyT1, SLC6A9) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A9 cells
Substrate uptake and inhibition of the Glycine Transporter-1 (GlyT1, SLC6A9) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A9 cells
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10.5281/zenodo.7361399 |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
106 μM
Compound: 750
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Substrate uptake and inhibition of the Glycine Transporter-1 (GlyT1, SLC6A9) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A9 cells (PubChem AID: 1794809)
Substrate uptake and inhibition of the Glycine Transporter-1 (GlyT1, SLC6A9) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A9 cells (PubChem AID: 1794809)
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10.5281/zenodo.7361399 |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
128 μM
Compound: 750
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Substrate uptake by the Glycine Transporter-2 (GlyT2, SLC6A5) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A5 cells
Substrate uptake by the Glycine Transporter-2 (GlyT2, SLC6A5) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A5 cells
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10.5281/zenodo.7360571 |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
128 μM
Compound: 750
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Substrate uptake by the Glycine Transporter-2 (GlyT2, SLC6A5) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A5 cells (PubChem AID: 1794825)
Substrate uptake by the Glycine Transporter-2 (GlyT2, SLC6A5) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC6A5 cells (PubChem AID: 1794825)
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10.5281/zenodo.7360571 |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
94 μM
Compound: glycine
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Antagonist activity at human glycine alpha-1 receptor in HEK293 cells by FMP assay
Antagonist activity at human glycine alpha-1 receptor in HEK293 cells by FMP assay
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[PMID: 17722904] |
| KB 3-1 | IC50 |
>50 mM
Compound: glycine
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Cytotoxicity against human KB-3-1 cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human KB-3-1 cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 21657271] |
| KB-V1 | IC50 |
>50 mM
Compound: glycine
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Cytotoxicity against drug-resistant human KBV1 cells expressing P-gp incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against drug-resistant human KBV1 cells expressing P-gp incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 21657271] |
Glycine (0-1 mM, 0-48 h) has anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects. It can downregulate the production of VEGF in tumor cells HCT-116, HT-29 and CC-531, inhibit the growth of endothelial cells HUVEC through GlyR, and indirectly inhibit HUVEC migration and capillary formation[3].
Glycine (5 mM, 50 mM, 10 min) can prevent the aggregation of NINJ1 in the plasma membrane and inhibit cell death caused by the breakdown of NINJ1 dependent property membrane, thereby exerting its cytoprotective effect[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:HUVEC cells
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Concentration:0, 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mM
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Incubation Time:0-48 h
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Result:Reduced VEGF or conditioned medium-stimulated HUVEC migration and angiogenesis but had no direct effect on HUVEC migration.
Glycine (500 and 1000 mg/kg/day for 14 days, i.p.) can significantly reduce kidney damage in lead-exposed mice by inhibiting ROS production[5].
Glycine (single 1 or 2 g/kg, p.o.) increases extracellular serotonin but not dopamine in the prefrontal cortex of rats
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:renal injury in mice exposed to Pb, adult male BALB/c mice (25–30 g)[5]
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Dosage:500 and 1000 mg/kg/day for 14 days
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Administration:i.p.
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Result:Significantly reduces elevated serum BUN and creatinine levels due to lead exposure.
Significantly reduced ROS elevation in renal tissue due to lead exposure.
Mitigated renal histopathological alterations in mice exposed to lead, included tubular dilation, protein cast, vacuolization, and inflammation.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 56-40-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 75.07
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Formula C2H5NO2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
NCC(O)=O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Store at room temperature 3 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (15)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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J Nanobiotechnology
Single-cell multi-omics analysis reveals the mechanism of action of a novel antioxidant polyphenol nanoparticle loaded with STAT3 agonist in mediating cardiomyocyte ferroptosis to ameliorate age-related heart failure. [Abstract]2025 Mar 29;23(1):258. PMID: 40158134
Glycine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Mar 29;23(1):258. [Abstract]
(A) Schematic diagram of the synthesis steps of PN@Col nanoparticles(61 mg (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), 10 mg Glycine and 2 mg Colivelin);(B) Morphological features of PN (top) and PN@Col (bottom) observed using TEM (scale bar: 100 nm/200 nm);(C) Morphology of PN (top) and PN@Col (bottom) observed using SEM (scale bar: 5 μm/1 μm);
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Redox Biol
Enteric coronavirus PDCoV evokes a non-Warburg effect by hijacking pyruvic acid as a metabolic hub. [Abstract]2024 May:71:103112. PMID: 38461791 -
Diabetologia
Canagliflozin regulates metabolic reprogramming in diabetic kidney disease by inducing fasting-like and aestivation-like metabolic patterns. [Abstract]2024 Apr;67(4):738-754. PMID: 38236410
Glycine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Diabetologia. 2024 Apr;67(4):738-754. [Abstract]
Representative image of kidneys stained with H&E, PAS and Masson (×400, scale bar, 25 μm) and TEM (×8000, scale bar, 1 μm) in different groups (Glycine (Gly，0.5-1% wt/vol.，drinking water for 12 weeks). The arrows indicate glomerular dilatation, mesangial matrix hyperplasia, and interstitial fibrosis, respectively.
Glycine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Diabetologia. 2024 Apr;67(4):738-754. [Abstract]
(a) Schematic of the animal experiment design. The experimental groups received water supplemented with Glycine (Gly，0.5-1% wt/vol., 12 weeks). (b) FBG levels in mice during the intervention. (c) Levels of insulin in the different groups. (d, e) Body weight (d) and food intake (e) in mice during the intervention.(f, g) Serum creatinine (f) and UACR (g) in the different groups.
Glycine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Diabetologia. 2024 Apr;67(4):738-754. [Abstract]
Western blot analysis of AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR and p-mTOR protein expression in kidneys of experimental groups received water supplemented with Glycine (Gly，0.5-1% wt/vol., 12 weeks).
Glycine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Diabetologia. 2024 Apr;67(4):738-754. [Abstract]
Expression of AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR, p-mTOR, BCL-2 and BAX in HK-2 cells with Glycine (GLY, 0.4-0.8 mM, 48 h) supplementation was detected by western blot.
Glycine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Diabetologia. 2024 Apr;67(4):738-754. [Abstract]
Cell viability of HK-2 cells in a high-glucose environment with Glycine (GLY, 0.4-0.8 mM, 48 h) supplementation was measured by CCK-8 assay.
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Int J Biol Macromol
Chemotherapy-photothermal liposomes modified by DNA-protein network inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma progression basing on regulating tumor microenvironment. [Abstract]2026 Mar:352:151186. PMID: 41786175 -
J Transl Med
ZSWIM4 inhibition improves chemosensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer cells by suppressing intracellular glycine biosynthesis. [Abstract]2024 Feb 21;22(1):192. PMID: 38383406 -
Commun Biol
Molecular defense strategy of volatile organic compound-emitting plants (order Piperales) against herbivorous mammals. [Abstract]2025 Dec 1;9(1):19. PMID: 41326785 -
Int J Mol Sci
Discovery of a Novel Anticoagulant Cystine Knot Peptide from Spider Venom Gland Transcriptome. [Abstract]2025 Oct 19;26(20):10154. PMID: 41155448 -
Molecules
Seeking Correlation Among Porin Permeabilities and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations Through Machine Learning: A Promising Route to the Essential Molecular Descriptors. [Abstract]2025 Mar 9;30(6):1224. PMID: 40142001 -
Molecules
Enhancing Functional Properties and Protein Structure of Almond Protein Isolate Using High-Power Ultrasound Treatment. [Abstract]2024 Jul 30;29(15):3590. PMID: 39124994 -
Oncol Rep
m6A reader IGF2BP2 mediates paclitaxel resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via FOXM1 mRNA stabilization. [Abstract]2025 Dec;54(6):169. PMID: 41041871 -
Amino Acids
Identification of amino acids metabolomic profiling in human plasma distinguishes lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus. [Abstract]2024 Sep 18;56(1):56. PMID: 39292313 -
Physiol Rep
Metabolic shifts in plasma amino acids and related metabolites in response to SGLT2 inhibition and hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes. [Abstract]2025 Aug;13(16):e70465. PMID: 40842430 -
JIMD Rep
Reduced guanidinoacetate in plasma of patients with autosomal dominant Fanconi syndrome due to heterozygous P341L GATM variant and study of organoids towards treatment. [Abstract]2024 Aug 19;65(5):341-353. PMID: 39544690 -
Exp Brain Res
The NR2B-targeted intervention alleviates the neuronal injuries at the sub-acute stage of cerebral ischemia: an exploration of stage-dependent strategy against ischemic insults. [Abstract]2023 Dec;241(11-12):2735-2750. PMID: 37845379 -
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 25 mg/mL (333.02 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)
Methanol : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Johnson JW, et al. Glycine potentiates the NMDA response in cultured mouse brain neurons. Nature. 1987 Feb 5-11;325(6104):529-31. [Content Brief]
[2]. Fone KCF, et al. Comparative Pro-cognitive and Neurochemical Profiles of Glycine Modulatory Site Agonists and Glycine Reuptake Inhibitors in the Rat: Potential Relevance to Cognitive Dysfunction and Its Management. Mol Neurobiol. 2020 May;57(5):2144-2166. [Content Brief]
[3]. Bruns H, et al. Glycine inhibits angiogenesis in colorectal cancer: role of endothelial cells. Amino Acids. 2016 Nov;48(11):2549-2558. [Content Brief]
[4]. Borges JP, et al. Glycine inhibits NINJ1 membrane clustering to suppress plasma membrane rupture in cell death. Elife. 2022 Dec 5;11:e78609. [Content Brief]
[5]. Shafiekhani M, et al. Glycine supplementation mitigates lead-induced renal injury in mice. J Exp Pharmacol. 2019 Feb 18;11:15-22. [Content Brief]
[6]. Bannai M, et al. Oral administration of glycine increases extracellular serotonin but not dopamine in the prefrontal cortex of rats. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011 Mar;65(2):142-9. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 13.3209 mL | 66.6045 mL | 133.2090 mL | 333.0225 mL |
| 5 mM | 2.6642 mL | 13.3209 mL | 26.6418 mL | 66.6045 mL | |
| 10 mM | 1.3321 mL | 6.6605 mL | 13.3209 mL | 33.3023 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.8881 mL | 4.4403 mL | 8.8806 mL | 22.2015 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.6660 mL | 3.3302 mL | 6.6605 mL | 16.6511 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.5328 mL | 2.6642 mL | 5.3284 mL | 13.3209 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.4440 mL | 2.2202 mL | 4.4403 mL | 11.1008 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.3330 mL | 1.6651 mL | 3.3302 mL | 8.3256 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.2664 mL | 1.3321 mL | 2.6642 mL | 6.6605 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.2220 mL | 1.1101 mL | 2.2202 mL | 5.5504 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.1665 mL | 0.8326 mL | 1.6651 mL | 4.1628 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.1332 mL | 0.6660 mL | 1.3321 mL | 3.3302 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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