Group XV phospholipase A2/Pla2g15, Mouse (His, myc)

Group XV phospholipase A2 (Pla2g15) exhibits dual calcium-independent phospholipase and O-acyltransferase activities, potentially contributing to glycerophospholipid homeostasis and the remodeling of acyl groups in acidic cellular compartments. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ester bond of the fatty acyl group at sn-1 or sn-2 positions of phospholipids, demonstrating both phospholipase A1 and A2 activities, and transfers it to the hydroxyl group at the first carbon of lipophilic alcohols through O-acyltransferase activity. Pla2g15 prefers fatty acyl donors such as phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylglycerols, and phosphatidylserines, favoring sn-2 over sn-1 deacylation of unsaturated fatty acyl groups. Additionally, it selectively hydrolyzes the sn-1 fatty acyl group of truncated oxidized phospholipids, potentially participating in the detoxification of reactive oxidized phospholipids during oxidative stress. Pla2g15 plays a vital role in phospholipid degradation in alveolar macrophages, suggesting implications in pulmonary surfactant clearance. At neutral pH, it hydrolyzes the sn-1 fatty acyl group of lysophosphatidylcholines.