MIP-5/CCL15 Protein, Human (68a.a, His)

CCL15, also known as macrophage inhibitory protein 5 (MIP-5), leukocyte chemokine 1 (Lkn-1) and human CC chemokine 2 (HCC-2), is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family, a cluster of chemokines located on human chromosome 17 with a gene sequence similar to CC motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and CC motif chemokine ligand 3 ( CCL3). CCL15 can be expressed in certain leukocytes and macrophages in the liver, small intestine, colon, and lung^[1]. CCL15 acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes and can bind to chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3, of which CCR3 is the major receptor for human eosinophils and plays an important role in the migration of monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Meanwhile, CCL15 plays an effector molecule role in the regulation of hematopoietic cells and host defense. Recombinant human CCL15 is also the most abundant chemokine in follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). CCL15 has been reported to be elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with stage III nodular disease and in peripheral blood from patients with severe persistent asthma, contributing to the severity and persistence of the disease by targeting its receptors (especially CCR1) in an autocrine manner^[2][3].

CCL15 (0.1-1000 ng/mL) can mediate human eosinophilic leukemia EoL-1 cells migration and increase PKCσ activity in a time-dependent manner via the Ptx-sensitive Gi/Go protein and PLC. Besides, it enhances butyric acid-induced EoL-1 cell differentiation^[2].
CCL15 is the most abundant chemokine in follicular thyroid carcinoma(FTC). 51.4-fold more CCL15 mRNA is present in FTC than in follicular adenoma. Condition medium of FTC cell lines induced THP-1 cell chemotaxis by 33 ~ 77%, and anti-CCL15 neutralizing antibodies reduces THP-1 cell migration in a dose-dependent manner^[3].