NMI Protein, Mouse (His)

NMI Protein serves as a signaling pathway regulator involved in the innate immune system response. In the presence of interleukin 2 (IL2) and interferon IFN-gamma (IFNG), NMI interacts with signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), activating downstream genes crucial for development and homeostasis. It enhances the recruitment of CBP/p300 coactivators to STAT1 and STAT5, resulting in increased transcription of STAT1- and STAT5-dependent genes. In response to interferon IFN-alpha, NMI forms a complex with the transcriptional regulator IFI35, preventing the proteasome-mediated degradation of IFI35 and regulating immune response. Additionally, NMI negatively regulates nuclear factor NF-kappa-B signaling by inhibiting the nuclear translocation and activation of NF-kappa-B subunit p65/RELA, impacting endothelial cell processes. It also plays a role in limiting virus-triggered type I interferon production by inducing the degradation of IRF7. Extracellularly, NMI functions as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), promoting inflammation when released by macrophages during injury or pathogen invasion. Macrophage-secreted NMI activates NF-kappa-B signaling in adjacent macrophages through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) binding, inducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. NMI interacts with various transcription factors, including MYCN, MYC, and STAT proteins, and undergoes ubiquitination mediated by TRIM21.