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Reduction

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

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By Research Areas:	Cancer (135) Cardiovascular Disease (64) Endocrinology (18) Infection (59) Inflammation/Immunology (100) Metabolic Disease (121) Neurological Disease (90)
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Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

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Peptides

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Isotope-Labeled Compounds

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Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-105129

Pimonidazole hydrochloride 5+ Cited Publications	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Cancer
Pimonidazole is a novel hypoxia marker for complementary study of tumor hypoxia and cell proliferation in tumor . Pimonidazole accumulates in hypoxic cells via covalent binding with macromolecules or by forming reductive metabolites after reduction of its nitro group, it can be used for qualitative and quantitative assessment of tumor hypoxia .

HY-P10745

Petrelintide ZP8396	Amylin Receptor	Metabolic Disease
Petrelintide (ZP8396) is a dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonist (DACRA) Petrelintide elicits a selective reduction in high-fat diet intake in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats, which is accompanied by a loss of fat mass and preservation of lean mass during weight reduction. Petrelintide can be utilized in diabetes research .

HY-105129A

Pimonidazole 5+ Cited Publications	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Cancer
Pimonidazole is a novel hypoxia marker for complementary study of tumor hypoxia and cell proliferation in tumor . Pimonidazole accumulates in hypoxic cells via covalent binding with macromolecules or by forming reductive metabolites after reduction of its nitro group, it can be used for qualitative and quantitative assessment of tumor hypoxia .

HY-P10745A

Petrelintide acetate ZP8396 acetate	Amylin Receptor	Metabolic Disease
Perelintide (ZP8396) acetate is a dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonist (DACRA). Perelintide acetate elicits a selective reduction in high-fat diet intake in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats, which is accompanied by a loss of fat mass and preservation of lean mass during weight reduction. Perelintide acetate can be utilized in diabetes research .

HY-N0893

Tetrahydrocurcumin 2 Publications Verification HZIV 81-2	Cytochrome P450 Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Tetrahydrocurcumin is a Curcuminoid found in turmeric (Curcuma longa) that is produced by the reduction of Curcumin. Tetrahydrocurcumin inhibit CYP2C9 and CYP3A4.

HY-P1008

Z-VDVAD-FMK 5 Publications Verification Z-VD(OMe)VAD(OMe)-FMK	Caspase	Cancer
Z-VDVAD-FMK is a special inhibitor of caspase-2. Z-VDVAD-FMK produces a reduction in Lovastatin-induced apoptosis .

HY-145605

Vutiglabridin HSG4112	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Bacterial PPAR	Metabolic Disease
Vutiglabridin (HSG4112), a racemic compound, is a potent anti-obesity agent . Vutiglabridin, an optimized structural analog of Glabridin, markedly supersedes Glabridin in weight reduction efficacy and chemical stability .

HY-B1901

Eperisone hydrochloride (±)-Eperisone hydrochloride	P2X Receptor	Neurological Disease
Eperisone Hydrochloride ((±)-Eperisone hydrochloride) is an orally active antispastic agent with a vasodilator effect, used for the research of muscle stiffness and pain. Eperisone Hydrochloride is a potent and selectively P2X7 receptor antagonist, also shows antagonism for human P2X3. Eperisone Hydrochloride works by relaxing both skeletal muscles and vascularsmooth muscles, demonstrating a variety of effects such as reduction ofmyotonia, improvement of circulationand and suppression of the pain reflex .

HY-100582

Ribitol 3 Publications Verification Adonitol; Adonite	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol.

HY-W229874

EN106	E1/E2/E3 Enzyme NF-κB Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) SOD	Cancer
EN106 is a potent inhibitor of FEMIB. EN106 is a cysteine-reactive covalent ligand. EN106 disrupts recognition of the key reductive stress substrate of FEM1B, FNIP1. EN106 reduces oxidative stress and rescues high glucose-induced impaired angiogenesis in HUVECs .

HY-W006230

Anthraflavic acid	Cytochrome P450	Cancer
Anthraflavic acid specifically inhibits the activity of cytochrome P-448 without affecting phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 or NADPH-dependent cytochrome c reduction. Anthraflavic acid inhibits cytosolic metabolic pathways, blocks the microsomal and cytosolic activation of IQ, and reduces the metabolic activation level of Glu-P-I. Anthraflavic acid may exert anticancer activity by inhibiting the metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens. Anthraflavic acid is applicable to cancer-related research .

HY-N6618

DL-Mannitol	Others	Others
DL-Mannitol is obtained by combining D-mannitol with a sample of Lmannitol obtained by reduction of L-mannono-1, Clactone .

HY-Y0418

Dulcite Dulcitol; Melampyrit; NSC 1944	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Dulcite (Dulcitol; Melampyrit; NSC 1944) is a sugar alcohol. Dulcite is produced by the reduction of galactose by aldose reductase in non-insulin-dependent cells .

HY-118930A

MK-0493 hydrochloride	Melanocortin Receptor	Metabolic Disease Endocrinology
MK-0493 hydrochloride is a potent, orally active and selective agonist of the melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R), demonstrating significant reductions in energy intake .

HY-P2807

L-Lactate dehydrogenase, E.coli LAD	Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Lactate dehydrogenase, E.coli is a redox enzyme. L-Lactate dehydrogenase, E.coli catalyzes the reduction of pyruvate to L-lactate by NADH in vivo with absolute enantiospecificity .

HY-W540000

Graphitic carbon nitride	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Graphitic carbon nitride is a metal-free photocatalyst with a semiconductor absorption wavelength of 460 nm. Graphitic carbon nitride can be applied to photocatalytic water splitting, degradation of organic pollutants, and carbon dioxide reduction .

HY-78036

Mesaconic acid Citronic acid; Methylfumaric acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Mesaconic acid is an active product that can be extracted from Saxifraga stolonifera. Mesaconic acid is used as a fire retardant and is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction .

HY-120423

AM-6538	Cannabinoid Receptor	Neurological Disease
AM6538 is a long-acting, high affinity and pseudo-irreversible cannabinoid (CB) antagonist. AM6538 is a structural analog of rimonabant. AM6538 can be effectively used to evaluate the apparent efficacy of cannabinoid full and partial agonists. AM6538 may be useful in future studies that require temporary reductions in cannabinoid receptor availability . AM-6538 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

HY-107620

PD 198306	MEK	Neurological Disease
PD 198306 is a selective MAPK/ERK-kinase (MEK) inhibitor. PD 198306 results in an observable reduction in the Streptozocin induced increase in the level of active ERK1 and 2. Antihyperalgesic effects .

HY-D0852A

Sodium metavanadate, 99% 1 Publications Verification Sodium vanadate(V), 99%	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Sodium metavanadate, 99% (Sodium vanadate(V), 99%) is a biochemical reagent used as a vanadium source in microbial cultures to study vanadium reduction in mesophilic and thermophilic methanogens .

HY-41877

Succinimide pyrrolidine-2,5-dione	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others Neurological Disease
Succinimide rapidly hydrolyzes into aspartic acid and aspartic acid during the reduction/alkylation process. Succinimide is utilized in the development of antiepileptic agent .

HY-P2809

Malic dehydrogenase, microorganism 1 Publications Verification MDH; EC 1.1.1.37	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) (MDH) catalyzes the mutual conversion of oxaloacetate and malate, and is associated with the oxidation/reduction of dinucleotide coenzymes .

HY-N4072

6''-O-Acetylglycitin 4 Publications Verification	Others	Metabolic Disease
6''-O-Acetylglycitin, a acetyl glucoside, is one of the isoflavone isomer in soybeans, shows various extents of content reduction dependent on storage temperature, packaging condition, and its isoflavone isomer kind .

HY-D0222

N,N-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine	Fluorescent Dye	Others
N,N-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine is an aromatic amine and a dye. N,N-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine can be used in nitrate reduction test .

HY-B1901R

Eperisone hydrochloride (Standard) (±)-Eperisone hydrochloride (Standard)	P2X Receptor Reference Standards	Neurological Disease
Eperisone (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Eperisone (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Eperisone Hydrochloride ((±)-Eperisone hydrochloride) is an orally active antispastic agent with a vasodilator effect, used for the research of muscle stiffness and pain. Eperisone Hydrochloride is a potent and selectively P2X7 receptor antagonist, also shows antagonism for human P2X3. Eperisone Hydrochloride works by relaxing both skeletal muscles and vascularsmooth muscles, demonstrating a variety of effects such as reduction ofmyotonia, improvement of circulationand and suppression of the pain reflex .

HY-111391R

Resazurin sodium (Standard) Diazoresorcinol sodium (Standard)	Reference Standards Bacterial	Others
Resazurin (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Resazurin (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Resazurin sodium (Diazoresorcinol sodium) is commonly used to measure bacterial and eukaryotic cell viability through its reduction to the fluorescent product resorufin.

HY-117580

16α-Hydroxyprednisolone OH-PRED	Drug Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
16α-Hydroxyprednisolone (OH-PRED) is a stereoselective metabolite of the 22(R) epimer of the glucocorticoid Budesonide (HY-13580). 16α-Hydroxyprednisolone formation is catalyzed by isoenzymes within the cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) subfamily. 16α-Hydroxyprednisolone formation can be inhibited by antibodies targeting the CYP3A subfamily .

HY-N4203

Isopropyl ferulate	Fungal	Infection
Isopropyl ferulate, isolated from Notopterygium incisum, is used in the reduction of pharmaceuticals, preparation of antifungal agents, cosmetics and as antioxidant agent and so forth .

HY-169004

CBT-295	TGF-beta/Smad Interleukin Related	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
CBT-295 is an orally active autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor. CBT-295 exhibits a significant reduction in inflammatory cytokines like TGF-β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels, also reduced bile duct proliferation marker CK-19 and lowered liver fibrosis. The reversal of liver fibrosis with CBT-295 led to a reduction in blood and brain ammonia levels. CBT-295 also reduced neuroinflammation induced by ammonia. CBT-295 is promising for research of liver cirrhosis and associated encephalopathy .

HY-W011757

Neocuproine hydrochloride monohydrate, 99% 1 Publications Verification	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Neocuproine hydrochloride monohydrate, 99% can be used to prepare complex solutions for studying antioxidant capacity determination in biological samples based on copper reduction complexes.

HY-111872

SNIPER(ABL)-020	SNIPERs Bcr-Abl	Cancer
SNIPER(ABL)-020, conjugating Dasatinib (ABL inhibitor) to Bestatin (IAP ligand) with a linker, induces the reduction of BCR-ABL protein .

HY-W193398

N-2-Cyclohexylethyl-N-methylamine	Monoamine Oxidase	Cardiovascular Disease
N-2-Cyclohexylethyl-N-methylamine is an amine from A.ridigula Benth for a reduction of monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity .

HY-W055845

4-Methylbenzamide oxime	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
4-Methylbenzamide oxime is a model of benzamide oxime and can be used as a substrate for mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC) catalytic enzyme reduction .

HY-P2807K

L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, bovine muscle	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, bovine muscle is an oxidoreductase. L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, bovine muscle catalyzes the reversible conversion of lactate to pyruvate with the reduction of NAD+ to NADH .

HY-111860

SNIPER(ABL)-013	SNIPERs Bcr-Abl	Cancer
SNIPER(ABL)-013, conjugating GNF5 (ABL inhibitor) to Bestatin (IAP ligand) with a linker, induces the reduction of BCR-ABL protein with a DC₅₀ of 20 μM .

HY-N1322

Sanggenol A	Bacterial β-glucuronidase	Others
Sanggenol A acts as a dual inhibitor of nitrofuranone reduction mediated by the intestinal microbial nitrification reductases EcNfsA and EcNfsB. In addition, Sanggenol A is also an effective inhibitor of intestinal bacterial β-glucuronidase .

HY-111861

SNIPER(ABL)-024	SNIPERs Bcr-Abl	Cancer
SNIPER(ABL)-024, conjugating GNF5 (ABL inhibitor) to LCL161 derivative (IAP ligand) with a linker, induces the reduction of BCR-ABL protein with a DC₅₀ of 5μM .

HY-W129615

Pentachloroaniline 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachloroaniline	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Pentachloroaniline (2,3,4,5,6-Pentachloroaniline) is a pentachlorinated aromatic amine pesticide that serves as a substrate for reductive dehalogenation reactions and a metabolite of quintozene. Pentachloroaniline can be converted into different trichloroanilines and dichloroanilines via reduction. Pentachloroaniline cannot induce its own dehalogenation activity in Desulfitobacterium frappieri PCP-1, and its conversion process must rely on induction by 3,5-dichlorophenol .

HY-W783829

(2E)-Hexenoyl-CoA Hex-2-trans-enoyl-CoA	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
(2E)-Hexenoyl-CoA (Hex-2-trans-enoyl-CoA) is an intermediate in fatty acid metabolism. (2E)-Hexenoyl-CoA undergoes reductive carboxylation to yield butylmalonyl-CoA .

HY-W001968

3-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde 3-TC	Drug Intermediate	Others
3-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde is a thiophene derivative substrate for biocatalytic reduction to 3-thiophenemethanol, and can be processed by Pseudomonas putida S12 cells. 3-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde functions as an intermediate compound. 3-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde exhibits toxicity toward Pseudomonas putida S12 cells at elevated concentrations, reducing specific growth rate and final biomass yield .

HY-141653

MK-8666 tromethamine	Free Fatty Acid Receptor	Metabolic Disease
MK-8666 (tromethamine) is a GPR40 agonist. MK-8666 (tromethamine) can be used in the research of type II diabetes .

HY-W133897

tert-Butylamine borane	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
tert-Butylamine borane is a mild reducing agent. tert-Butylamine borane involves in the selective reduction of aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohols .

HY-W017206

1-Phenyl-2-nitropropene	Drug Intermediate	Others
1-Phenyl-2-nitropropene is the reduction product of acetophenone and can be used to prepare chiral amine compounds .

HY-106767

Dulofibrate	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Metabolic Disease
Dulofibrate is a hypolipidaemic agent that induces microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes. Dulofibrate is selective for a reduction in triglycerides. Dulofibrate decreases nopol conjugation .

HY-E70522

Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR	Others	Others
Dihydrofolate reductase is a key enzyme in folate metabolism and, therefore, in the production of thymidine. Its role in thymidine biosynthesis is the reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate using the cofactor NADPH .

HY-W012308

2′-Hydroxydihydrochalcone	Drug Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
2′-Hydroxydihydrochalcone (Compound 2a) is an anti-inflammatory agent. 2′-Hydroxydihydrochalcone can be synthesized from the reduction of Flavone (HY-N2424) .

HY-P11633

YLRPEGDW	Autophagy	Neurological Disease
YLRPEGDW is an orally active sleep-promoting peptide. YLRPEGDW upregulates Autophagy-related genes, increase Autophagy activity. YLRPEGDW could improve Caffeine-induced sleep reduction .

HY-147391

ASIC-IN-1	Sodium Channel	Neurological Disease
ASIC-IN-1 is a potent acid sensing ion channel inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of < 10 µM. ASIC-IN-1 causes a dose- dependent reduction of the pain intensity .

HY-126730

Rubratoxin A	Phosphatase	Cancer
Rubratoxin A is a natural mycotoxin and competitive inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) with an IC₅₀ of 170 nM. Rubratoxin A causes suppression of tumor metastasis and reduction of primary tumor volume in mouse xenografts .

HY-78036R

Mesaconic acid (Standard) Citronic acid (Standard); Methylfumaric acid (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards	Others
Mesaconic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mesaconic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mesaconic acid is an active product that can be extracted from Saxifraga stolonifera. Mesaconic acid is used as a fire retardant and is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction[1].

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-B0456

Riboflavin Maximum Cited Publications 10 Publications Verification Vitamin B2; E101	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Riboflavin, an orally active and easily absorbed micronutrient, is a precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which serve as coenzymes for numerous enzymatic reactions and perform key metabolic functions by mediating the transfer of electrons in biological oxidation-reduction reaction .

HY-N2515

Ginsenoside Rk1 5+ Cited Publications	Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Araliaceae Source Classification	NF-κB PI3K JAK Apoptosis
Ginsenoside Rk1 is a unique component created by processing the ginseng plant (mainly Sung Ginseng, SG) at high temperatures . Ginsenoside Rk1 has anti-inflammatory effect, suppresses the activation of Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway and NF-κB . Ginsenoside Rk1 has anti-tumor effect, antiplatelet aggregation activities, anti-insulin resistance, nephroprotective effect, antimicrobial effect, cognitive function enhancement, lipid accumulation reduction and prevents osteoporosis . Ginsenoside Rk1 induces cell apoptosis by triggering intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and blocking PI3K/Akt pathway .

HY-N9933

Tauro-β-muricholic acid 4 Publications Verification TβMCA	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Animals Endogenous metabolite Steroids Source Classification	FXR Apoptosis
Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) is an orally active trihydroxylated bile acid and a competitive, reversible FXR antagonist (IC₅₀=40 μM). Tauro-β-muricholic acid inhibits bile acid-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential, while simultaneously inhibiting intestinal FXR signaling, affecting bile acid synthesis, hepatic lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Accumulation of tauro-β-muricholic acid disrupts metabolic homeostasis, promoting cancer stem cell proliferation and tumor progression. The mechanisms of tauro-β-muricholic acid involve two aspects: first, inhibiting the translocation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax to mitochondria and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); and second, blocking the FXR signaling pathway to regulate bile acid metabolism, reduce serum ceramide production, and downregulate the hepatic SREBP1C/CIDEA pathway. Tauro-β-muricholic acid possesses anti-hepatocyte apoptosis, bile acid homeostasis regulation, and liver fat accumulation reduction properties, and also functions as a biomarker, making it useful in the study of diseases such as bile acid metabolism disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, colorectal cancer, and liver fibrosis .

HY-N0893

Tetrahydrocurcumin 2 Publications Verification HZIV 81-2	Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Plants Endogenous metabolite Microorganisms Phenols Polyphenols Curcuma longa Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Zingiberaceae Cancer	Cytochrome P450 Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite
Tetrahydrocurcumin is a Curcuminoid found in turmeric (Curcuma longa) that is produced by the reduction of Curcumin. Tetrahydrocurcumin inhibit CYP2C9 and CYP3A4.

HY-118103

Coprostanol 5β-Cholestan-3β-ol	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Coprostanol (5β-Cholestan-3β-ol) is a fecal sterol formed by microbial reduction of cholesterol in the intestines of man and higher animals. Coprostanol can be used as an indicator sterol of fecal pollution. Coprostanol has been recognized as a good indicator of pollution of water resources by sewage discharges. Coprostanol can serve as a potential biological indicator for cerebral chondrodystrophy (CTX) .

HY-113149A

Argininosuccinic acid disodium	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Argininosuccinic acid disodium is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-113224

Desmosterol 5 Publications Verification	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Disease markers Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite LXR Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) Interleukin Related Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NOD-like Receptor (NLR)
Desmosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. In the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, Desmosterol is a direct precursor of cholesterol. As an endogenous metabolite, Desmosterol is used to study cholesterol metabolism . Desmosterol is an LXR activator and SREBP inhibitor, which can suppress macrophage inflammasome activation and prevent vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. A reduction in Desmosterol promotes the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages and pyrin domain-dependent inflammasome activation of NLRP3. Desmosterol holds potential for research in inflammation, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases .

HY-30004

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an endogenous metabolite. In the presence of low concentrations (1 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a small molecule agonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 0.7-0.9 μM. At high concentrations (10 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 81.6 nM. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid exerts neuroprotective activity by moderately activating NMDA receptors to prevent neuronal cell death in ischemic animal models. Additionally, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an antagonist of NMDA receptors, inducing blood pressure reduction and antioxidant effects in stroke-prone hypertensive rats. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid enhances object recognition memory and cognitive flexibility dependent on the prefrontal cortex, but does not affect impulsivity nor exhibit an antipsychotic-like profile. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid shows promise for research in the field of neurotoxicity. .

HY-W011142

2'-Deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate disodium dUMP disodium	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
2'-Deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (dUMP) disodium is a deoxynucleotide that is reductively methylated to dTMP (2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate) by bisubstrate enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS). dTMP is a nucleotide required for DNA synthesis .

HY-N0710

alpha-Cyperone 3 Publications Verification α-Cyperone; (+)-α-Cyperone	other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Plants Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
alpha-Cyperone (α-Cyperone) is associated with the down-regulation of COX-2, IL-6, Nck-2, Cdc42 and Rac1, resulting in reduction of inflammation, which would be highly beneficial for treatment of inflammatory diseases such as AD.

HY-111346

1-Linoleoyl Glycerol 1-Linoleoyl-rac-glycerol; 1-Monolinolein	Cardiovascular Disease Saururaceae Classification of Application Fields Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Phospholipase Apolipoprotein Interleukin Related
1-Linoleoyl glycerol is a LpPLA2 inhibitor. 1-Linoleoyl glycerol acts as a precursor for synthesizing various functional lipids, such as phospholipids. 1-Linoleoyl glycerol mitigates inflammation induced by Apolipoprotein CIII (reduction of IL-6) .

HY-N3021

D-chiro-Inositol	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite NF-κB TNF Receptor FOXO Microtubule/Tubulin
D-chiro-Inositol is a stereoisomer of inositol that exhibits activities such as improving glucose metabolism, anti-tumor effects, anti-inflammatory properties, and antioxidant activity. D-chiro-Inositol effectively alleviates cholestasis by enhancing bile acid secretion and reducing oxidative stress. D-chiro-Inositol improves insulin resistance, lowers hyperglycemia and circulating insulin levels, reduces serum androgen levels, and ameliorates some metabolic abnormalities associated with X syndrome by mimicking the action of insulin. Additionally, D-chiro-Inositol can induce a reduction in pro-inflammatory factors (such as Nf-κB) and cytokines (such as TNF-α), thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects. D-chiro-Inositol may be used in the study of liver cirrhosis, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome .

HY-N6967

Levomenol (-)-α-Bisabolol	Structural Classification other families Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Plants Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Apoptosis
Levomenol ((-)-α-Bisabolol), a monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Levomenol also has neuroprotective effects and prevents neuronal damage and memory deficits through reduction of proinflammatory markers induced by permanent focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Levomenol attenuates nociceptive behaviour and central sensitisation in a rodent model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Orally active .

HY-113413

Imidazoleacetic acid 2 Publications Verification Imidazolyl-4-acetic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite GABA Receptor
Imidazoleacetic acid (Imidazolyl-4-acetic acid) is a blood-brain barrier-permeable full agonist of the GABA_A receptor. Imidazoleacetic acid forms via histamine oxidation in the mouse brain. Imidazoleacetic acid exerts multiple neurochemical and behavioral effects. Imidazoleacetic acid induces a range of centrally mediated effects, including analgesia, sedation, hypnosis, as well as reductions in blood pressure, body temperature, isolation-induced aggression and motor activity .

HY-N3610

Coclaurine 1 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Structural Classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants Lauraceae Isoquinoline Alkaloids Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. Source Classification	nAChR
Coclaurine is a class of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids that can be isolated from Sarcopetalum harveyanum with anticancer activity. Coclaurine is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs) antagonist. Coclaurine is a key molecule in S. tetrandra responsible for EFHD2 inhibition. Coclaurine can downregulate EFHD2-related NOX4-ABCC1 signaling and enhanced Cisplatin (HY-17394) sensitivity. Coclaurine suppresses the stemness and metastatic properties of NSCLC cells. Coclaurine disrupts the interaction between the transcription factor FOXG1 and the EFHD2 promoter, leading to a reduction in EFHD2 transcription .

HY-100582

Ribitol 3 Publications Verification Adonitol; Adonite	Structural Classification Animals Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Saccharides Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol.

HY-125365

Rifamycin S 2 Publications Verification	Infection Quinones Structural Classification Monophenols Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Phenols Naphthalene Quinones Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Antibiotic
Rifamycin S, a quinone, is an antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA). Rifamycin S is the oxidized forms of a reversible oxidation-reduction system involving two electrons. Rifamycin S generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits microsomal lipid peroxidation. Rifamycin S can be used for tuberculosis and leprosy .

HY-N7126

Citronellal	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. Rutaceae Plants Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Potassium Channel
Citronellal is a monoterpene that can be found in the essential oils in various aromatic species of plants, with antiinflammatory and antinociceptive properties. Citronellal attenuates mechanical nociception, mediated in part by the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway. Citronellal induces reduction of spontaneuous activity, ataxia, analgesia, and sedation in vivo. Citronellal can attenuate mechanical nociception response in mouse model .

HY-113149

Argininosuccinic acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Argininosuccinic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-W013159

2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium 1 Publications Verification 5′-dGMP disodium	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (5′-dGMP) disodium is a mononucleotide having guanine as the nucleobase. 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is a reactant involved in analysis of self-assembling in solution and nucleation/growth of G-qudruplexes, nucleophilic trapping and reductive alkylation. 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium can be used as an oxidizable target. 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is a nucleic acid guanosine triphosphate (GTP) derivative and is a nucleotide precursor used in DNA synthesis .

HY-N3945

Glaucine O,O-Dimethylisoboldine; S-(+)-Glaucine; NSC 34396	Infection Alkaloids other families Classification of Application Fields Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Glaucium flavum Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Papaveraceae Source Classification	Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Calcium Channel MMP NF-κB
Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid extracted from Glaucium flavum that possesses various activities, including cough relief, bronchodilation, anti-inflammatory effects, analgesia, antipyretic properties, and anticancer effects. Glaucine acts as a selective and orally active inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), with a K_i of 3.4 µM in human bronchial tissues and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine induces relaxation of human isolated bronchi by antagonizing calcium channels. Additionally, Glaucine inhibits the activation of NF-κB, leading to a reduction in the expression of the MMP-9 gene, thereby suppressing the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Therefore, Glaucine holds potential for research in asthma and breast cancer .

HY-141466

Crotonyl-CoA	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Histone Acetyltransferase
Crotonyl-CoA, a high-energy acyl donor, is an intermediate in the fermentation of butyric acid, and in the metabolism of lysine and tryptophan. Crotonyl-CoA is important in the metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids. Crotonyl-CoA acts as a substrate for p300’s histone crotonyltransferase activity, competing with acetyl-CoA for p300-mediated histone acylation reactions. Crotonyl-CoA regulates global and gene-specific histone crotonylation levels in cells, with cellular concentration changes altering histone crotonylation at regulatory elements of activated genes. Crotonyl-CoA serves as the substrate for crotonyl-CoA reductase/carboxylase (CCRC)-catalyzed NADPH-mediated reduction and carbon dioxide trapping to form unusual alkylmalonyl-CoA polyketide synthase extender units. Crotonyl-CoA can be used for the research of LPS-induced inflammatory response .

HY-N6618

DL-Mannitol	other families Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Plants Disease Research Fields Saccharides Source Classification	Others
DL-Mannitol is obtained by combining D-mannitol with a sample of Lmannitol obtained by reduction of L-mannono-1, Clactone .

HY-Y0418

Dulcite Dulcitol; Melampyrit; NSC 1944	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Animals Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Saccharides Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Dulcite (Dulcitol; Melampyrit; NSC 1944) is a sugar alcohol. Dulcite is produced by the reduction of galactose by aldose reductase in non-insulin-dependent cells .

HY-N7259

(+)-Isomenthone	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Pelargonium hortorum Plants Geraniaceae Source Classification	JNK p38 MAPK Apoptosis
(+)-Isomenthone is an enantiomer form of Menthone (HY-N2381). (+)-Isomenthone blocks TNF-α-triggered activation of the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.(+)-Isomenthone inhibits TNF-α-mediated reductions in cell viability, increases in apoptosis, and downstream apoptotic events linked to pathway activation.(+)-Isomenthone protects human dermal fibroblasts against TNF-α-induced cell death under serum-deprived conditions .

HY-N3431

Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside	Flavonols Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Calycanthaceae	AMPK PD-1/PD-L1 FXR Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside is a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside demonstrates cardioprotective potential targeting the AMPKα1 signaling pathway. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside significantly upregulates the mRNA expression of AMPKα1 in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside reverses APAP-induced reduction of glutathione (GSH) content and increase of ROS production in L02 cells. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside has the potential for heart failure .

HY-W353102

Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide)	Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Phenols Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite P-glycoprotein
Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) is a D-ring glucuronide metabolite of natural estrogen formed in the liver. Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) is a substrate of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide family (Oatp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2). Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) regulates MRP8-mediated transport processes and inhibits MRP8-mediated transport of dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate and taurocholic acid. Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) induces immediate, reversible reduction of bile flow and acute intrahepatic cholestasis in female rats without altering the bile acid composition in bile. Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) can be used in studies related to intrahepatic cholestasis .

HY-129987

Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) sodium	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite P-glycoprotein
Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) sodium is a D-ring glucuronide metabolite of natural estrogen formed in the liver. Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) sodium is a substrate of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide family (Oatp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2). Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) sodium regulates MRP8-mediated transport processes and inhibits MRP8-mediated transport of dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate and taurocholic acid. Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) sodium induces immediate, reversible reduction of bile flow and acute intrahepatic cholestasis in female rats without altering the bile acid composition in bile. Estradiol 17-(β-D-Glucuronide) sodium can be used in studies related to intrahepatic cholestasis .

HY-114557

NSC 90469 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine	Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	JNK NF-κB Sirtuin PGC-1α COX TGF-β Receptor Collagen
NSC 90469 (3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine) is an orally active thyroid hormone derivative. NSC 90469 inhibits JNK phosphorylation and NF-κB acetylation, blocks SIRT1 protein expression, induces elevated PGC-1α levels, and stimulates COX activity. NSC 90469 enhances UCP1-mediated thermogenesis, increases hepatic Dio1 activity, inhibits TSH levels and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function, enhances lipid metabolism, and regulates energy metabolism via the mitochondrial pathway. NSC 90469 prevents blood glucose reduction, reduces urinary albumin excretion, inhibits renal matrix expansion, decreases TGF-β1 expression, and reduces renal fibronectin and type Ⅳ collagen deposition. NSC 90469 also increases energy expenditure and prevents diet-induced overweight. NSC 90469 can be used in studies related to diabetic nephropathy, hypothyroidism, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and diet-induced obesity .

HY-78036

Mesaconic acid Citronic acid; Methylfumaric acid	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Brassica oleracea L. Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Plants Brassicaceae Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Mesaconic acid is an active product that can be extracted from Saxifraga stolonifera. Mesaconic acid is used as a fire retardant and is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction .

HY-N6678

Zearalanone 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Antibacterial Disease Research Microorganisms Macrolide Antibiotics Antibiotics Phenols Polyphenols Anticancer Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Source Classification	Drug Metabolite
Zearalanone is a reductive metabolite of Zearalenone (HY-103447). Zearalanone binds to serum albumin across multiple species. Zearalanone enhances the binding affinity of Warfarin (HY-B0687) to serum albumin .

HY-100582R

Ribitol (Standard) Adonitol (Standard); Adonite (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Animals Endogenous metabolite Saccharides Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Ribitol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ribitol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol.

HY-N7676

Marein 3 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Chalcones Flavonoids other families Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	AMPK HDAC
Marein has the neuroprotective effect due to a reduction of damage to mitochondria function and activation of the AMPK signal pathway. Marein improves insulin resistance induced by high glucose in HepG2 cells through CaMKK/AMPK/GLUT1 to promote glucose uptake, through IRS/Akt/GSK-3β to increase glycogen synthesis, and through Akt/FoxO1 to decrease gluconeogenesis. Marein is a HDAC inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 100 μM. Marein has beneficial antioxidative, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic effects .

HY-B1941

4-tert-Octylphenol 2 Publications Verification	Monophenols Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Phenols Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis
4-tert-Octylphenol, a endocrine-disrupting chemical, is an estrogenic agent. 4-tert-Octylphenol is also a biodegradation product of non-ionic surfactants alkylphenol polyethoxylates. 4-tert-Octylphenol induces apoptosis in neuronal progenitor cells in offspring mouse brain. 4-tert-Octylphenol reduces bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), mitotic marker Ki67, and phospho-histone H3 (p-Histone-H3), resulting in a reduction of neuronal progenitor proliferation. 4-tert-Octylphenol disrupts brain development and behavior in mice, which is promising for reserch of immune response, neuro-related diseases and ethology .

HY-164642

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate RuBP	Structural Classification Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RUBP) is a vital photosynthetic intermediate and substrate. Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate acts as both product and substrate for Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1 R15Pi. Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate tightly binds to inactive RuBP carboxylase sites in plant leaves.Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate serves as the key substrate for CO₂ fixation in photosynthesis. Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate supports carboxylation and regeneration processes in photosynthesis. Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate determines the dynamic transition temperature of photosynthetic control. Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate can be used for photosynthesis and enzyme mechanism research .

HY-41877

Succinimide pyrrolidine-2,5-dione	Source Classification	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Succinimide rapidly hydrolyzes into aspartic acid and aspartic acid during the reduction/alkylation process. Succinimide is utilized in the development of antiepileptic agent .

HY-N4072

6''-O-Acetylglycitin 4 Publications Verification	Monophenols Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Glycine max (L.) merr Phenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Source Classification	Others
6''-O-Acetylglycitin, a acetyl glucoside, is one of the isoflavone isomer in soybeans, shows various extents of content reduction dependent on storage temperature, packaging condition, and its isoflavone isomer kind .

HY-B0456R

Riboflavin (Standard) 1 Publications Verification Vitamin B2 (Standard); E101 (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Riboflavin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Riboflavin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Riboflavin, an orally active and easily absorbed micronutrient, is a precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which serve as coenzymes for numerous enzymatic reactions and perform key metabolic functions by mediating the transfer of electrons in biological oxidation-reduction reaction .

HY-N13009

MO-2097	Phenols Polyphenols Morus alba L. Plants Moraceae Source Classification	Raf HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase ERK MEK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Caspase
MO-2097 is a RAF-1/HIF-1α inhibitor. MO-2097 induces RAF-1 destabilization, leading to a reduction in EMT-associated transcription factors and mesenchymal markers. MO-2097 inhibits HIF-1a protein expression mediated by hnRNPA2B1 under hypoxic and mimetic hypoxia. MO-2097 induces mitochondrial ROS, which leads to apoptosis in cells. MO-2097 effectively suppresses colorectal cancer metastasis by inhibiting the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. MO-2097 attenuates tumor growth in a xenograft HCT116 cell mouse model. MO-2097 can be used for the study of colorectal cancer .

HY-N1989

Bacoside A	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Scrophulariaceae Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. Source Classification	Na+/K+ ATPase CaMK Apoptosis Cholinesterase (ChE) NO Synthase NF-κB
Bacoside A is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable triterpenoid saponin that modulates the activities of ATPases, AChE, CaMK2A and iNOS. Derived from Bacopa monniera. Bacoside A exerts significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by maintaining ion balance, scavenging reactive oxygen species, stabilizing cell membranes, and regulating the expression of NF-κB and apoptosis-related proteins. Bacoside A counteracts morphine-induced reductions in Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase, Ca ²⁺-ATPase and Mg ²⁺-ATPase activities, increases mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Bacoside A specifically binds to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIA to trigger endoplasmic reticulum calcium release. Bacoside A exhibits non-apoptotic cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells while protecting normal nerve cells from stress-induced damage. Bacoside A is applicable to the research of Parkinson's disease and glioblastoma multiforme .

HY-30004R

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an endogenous metabolite. In the presence of low concentrations (1 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a small molecule agonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 0.7-0.9 μM. At high concentrations (10 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 81.6 nM. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid exerts neuroprotective activity by moderately activating NMDA receptors to prevent neuronal cell death in ischemic animal models. Additionally, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an antagonist of NMDA receptors, inducing blood pressure reduction and antioxidant effects in stroke-prone hypertensive rats. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid enhances object recognition memory and cognitive flexibility dependent on the prefrontal cortex, but does not affect impulsivity nor exhibit an antipsychotic-like profile. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid shows promise for research in the field of neurotoxicity. .

HY-N4203

Isopropyl ferulate	Infection Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Umbelliferae Kleinia odora (Forssk.) DC. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Fungal
Isopropyl ferulate, isolated from Notopterygium incisum, is used in the reduction of pharmaceuticals, preparation of antifungal agents, cosmetics and as antioxidant agent and so forth .

HY-N0893R

Tetrahydrocurcumin (Standard) HZIV 81-2 (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Phenols Polyphenols Plants Curcuma longa Endogenous metabolite Source Classification Zingiberaceae	Reference Standards Cytochrome P450 Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite
Tetrahydrocurcumin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tetrahydrocurcumin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tetrahydrocurcumin is a Curcuminoid found in turmeric (Curcuma longa) that is produced by the reduction of Curcumin. Tetrahydrocurcumin inhibit CYP2C9 and CYP3A4.

HY-N12267

N,N′-Diferuloylputrescine (E/Z)-Terrestribisamide	Zea mays L. Gramineae Phenols Polyphenols Plants Source Classification	Melanocortin Receptor
N,N′-Diferuloylputrescine ((E/Z)-Terrestribisamide) is a inhibitor of pigmentation with 57% reduction. N,N′-Diferuloylputrescine significantly reduces the protein level of MITF. N,N′-Diferuloylputrescine has strong antioxidant activities as radical scavengers against reactive oxygen species .

HY-N1322

Sanggenol A	Structural Classification Flavonoids Flavones Plants Moraceae Morus alba Linn. Source Classification	Bacterial β-glucuronidase
Sanggenol A acts as a dual inhibitor of nitrofuranone reduction mediated by the intestinal microbial nitrification reductases EcNfsA and EcNfsB. In addition, Sanggenol A is also an effective inhibitor of intestinal bacterial β-glucuronidase .

HY-N0710R

alpha-Cyperone (Standard) α-Cyperone (Standard); (+)-α-Cyperone (Standard)	Structural Classification other families Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
alpha-Cyperone (Standard) is the analytical standard of alpha-Cyperone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. alpha-Cyperone (α-Cyperone) is associated with the down-regulation of COX-2, IL-6, Nck-2, Cdc42 and Rac1, resulting in reduction of inflammation, which would be highly beneficial for treatment of inflammatory diseases such as AD.

HY-N3021R

D-chiro-Inositol (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite NF-κB TNF Receptor FOXO Microtubule/Tubulin
D-chiro-Inositol is a stereoisomer of inositol that exhibits activities such as improving glucose metabolism, anti-tumor effects, anti-inflammatory properties, and antioxidant activity. D-chiro-Inositol effectively alleviates cholestasis by enhancing bile acid secretion and reducing oxidative stress. D-chiro-Inositol improves insulin resistance, lowers hyperglycemia and circulating insulin levels, reduces serum androgen levels, and ameliorates some metabolic abnormalities associated with X syndrome by mimicking the action of insulin. Additionally, D-chiro-Inositol can induce a reduction in pro-inflammatory factors (such as Nf-κB) and cytokines (such as TNF-α), thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects. D-chiro-Inositol may be used in the study of liver cirrhosis, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome .

HY-N16396

Ampelanol	Quinones Microorganisms Anthraquinones Source Classification	Drug Derivative
Ampelanol is a derivative of Altersolanol A (HY-125461). Ampelanol has no anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity through the reduction of one of a carbonyl group and removal of hydroxyl substituents within Altersolanol A. Ampelanol can be used as a negative control .

HY-N1282R

Seneciphylline (Standard)	Alkaloids Structural Classification other families Pyrrole Alkaloids Plants Compositae Sophora yunnanensis C. Y. Ma Source Classification	Reference Standards Glutathione S-transferase Cytochrome P450
Seneciphylline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Seneciphylline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Seneciphylline is a toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid in Gynura japonica . Seneciphylline significantly increases the activities of epoxide hydrase and glutathione-S-transferase but causes reduction of cytochrome P-450 and related monooxygenase activities .

HY-P2450

Leucinostatin A Antibiotic P168	Infection Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Fungal Antibiotic
Leucinostatin A (Antibiotic P168) is a nonapeptide exerting a remarkable activity especially against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Leucinostatin A is a hydrophobic nonapeptide antibiotic. Leucinostatin A inhibits prostate cancer growth through reduction of insulin-like growth factor-I expression in prostate stromal cells. Antiprotozoal activies .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-W011500S

TCEP-d16 hydrochloride

1 Publications Verification

TCEP-d₁₆ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled TCEP hydrochloride . TCEP hydrochloride (Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride) is a non-thiol reducing agent that is more stable and produces a faster S-S reductive reaction than other chemical reductants. TCEP hydrochloride is a trialkylphosphine, selectively reduces protein disuldes without altering the properties or interacting with thiol-directed agents in the reaction mixture. TCEP hydrochloride is also a commonly used reducing agent in the DNA/AuNP chemistry .

HY-100582S

Ribitol-1-13C
Ribitol-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol .

HY-113128S

sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate-13C3 disodium
sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate- ¹³C₃ disodium is the ¹³C-labeled sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate disodium. sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate disodium is produced by cytosolic glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase pathway through the reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate using NADH formed during glycolysis .

HY-118103S

Coprostanol-d5

Coprostanol-d₅ (5β-Cholestan-3β-ol-d₅) is the deuterium labeled Coprostanol. Coprostanol (5β-Cholestan-3β-ol) is a fecal sterol formed by microbial reduction of cholesterol in the intestines of man and higher animals. Coprostanol can be used as an indicator sterol of fecal pollution. Coprostanol has been recognized as a good indicator of pollution of water resources by sewage discharges. Coprostanol can serve as a potential biological indicator for cerebral chondrodystrophy (CTX).

HY-W016099S

3-Methyl-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid-d4
3-Methyl-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 3-Methyl-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid. 3-Methyl-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid (MQCA), an important N-oxide reductive metabolite of Quinocetone or Olaquindox, potently inhibits the growth of Chang liver cells through S phase arrest of the cell cycle .

HY-100442S1

Paquinimod-d5-1
Paquinimod-d5-1 is a deuterated analog of Paquinimod (HY-100442). Paquinimod (ABR 215757) is a specific and orally active inhibitor of S100A8/S100A9. Paquinimod rescues the pneumonia with substantial reduction of viral loads in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice .

HY-B0456S5

Riboflavin-d8
Riboflavin-d₈ (Vitamin B2-d₈ ) is deuterium labeled Riboflavin. Riboflavin, an orally active and easily absorbed micronutrient, is a precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which serve as coenzymes for numerous enzymatic reactions and perform key metabolic functions by mediating the transfer of electrons in biological oxidation-reduction reaction .

HY-107322S

Barnidipine-d5 hydrochloride

Barnidipine-d₅ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Barnidipine hydrochloride. Barnidipine hydrochloride (Mepirodipine hydrochloride) is an L-type calcium antagonist (CaA) with high affinity for [3H] initrendipine binding sites (Ki=0.21 nmol/l), has selective action against CaA receptors .Barnidipine hydrochloride (Mepirodipine hydrochloride) is an antihypertensive agent and acts by the reduction of peripheral vascular resistance secondary to its vasodilatory action .

HY-107322AS1

Barnidipine-d5

Barnidipine-d₅ is the deuterium-labeled Barnidipine (HY-107322A). Barnidipine-d₅ (Mepirodipine) is an L-type calcium antagonist (CaA) with high affinity for [ ³H] initrendipine binding sites (K_i=0.21 nmol/l), has selective action against CaA receptors . Barnidipine-d₅ (Mepirodipine) is an antihypertensive agent and acts by the reduction of peripheral vascular resistance secondary to its vasodilatory action .

HY-23155S

2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate-d5

2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate-d₅ isothiocyanate-d₅ is the deuterium labeled 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate[1]. 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate is a potent antifungal agent. 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata, with a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 1.22 mM. The antifungal effect of 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate against Alternaria alternata might be via reduction in toxin content and breakdown of cell membrane integrity[2][3].

HY-W013159S

2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate-13C10,15N5 disodium

2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate- ¹³C₁₀, ¹⁵N₅ (dGMP- ¹³C₁₀, ¹⁵N₅) disodium is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium (HY-W013159). 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (5′-dGMP) disodium is a mononucleotide having guanine as the nucleobase. 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is a reactant involved in analysis of self-assembling in solution and nucleation/growth of G-qudruplexes, nucleophilic trapping and reductive alkylation. 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium can be used as an oxidizable target. 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium is a nucleic acid guanosine triphosphate (GTP) derivative and is a nucleotide precursor used in DNA synthesis .

HY-W768324

Ribitol-13C5
Ribitol- ¹³C₅ (Adonitol- ¹³C₅) is the ¹³C-labeled Ribitol (HY-100582). Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol.

HY-B1901S

Eperisone-d10 hydrochloride

Eperisone-d₁₀ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Eperisone hydrochloride. Eperisone Hydrochloride ((±)-Eperisone hydrochloride) is an antispastic agent used for treatment of diseases characterized by muscle stiffness and pain. It works by relaxing both skeletal muscles and vascularsmooth muscles, thus demonstrating avariety of effects such as reduction ofmyotonia, improvement of circulationand suppression of the pain reflex. Eperisone Hydrochloride ((±)-Eperisone hydrochloride) is a centrally acting muscle relaxant inhibiting the pain reflex pathway, having a vasodilator effect [2 .

HY-W778692

1-Linoleoyl Glycerol-d5
1-Linoleoyl Glycerol-d₅ (1-Linoleoyl-rac-glycerol-d₅; 1-Monolinolein-d₅) is the deuterium labeled 1-Linoleoyl Glycerol (HY-111346). 1-Linoleoyl glycerol is a LpPLA2 inhibitor. 1-Linoleoyl glycerol acts as a precursor for synthesizing various functional lipids, such as phospholipids. 1-Linoleoyl glycerol mitigates inflammation induced by Apolipoprotein CIII (reduction of IL-6) .

HY-105129AS

Pimonidazole-d10

Pimonidazole-d₁₀ is the deuterium labeled Pimonidazole. Pimonidazole is a novel hypoxia marker for complementary study of tumor hypoxia and cell proliferation in tumor . Pimonidazole accumulates in hypoxic cells via covalent binding with macromolecules or by forming reductive metabolites after reduction of its nitro group, it can be used for qualitative and quantitative assessment of tumor hypoxia .

HY-41877S

Succinimide-15N
Succinimide- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N labeled Succinimide. Succinimide rapidly hydrolyzes into aspartic acid and aspartic acid during the reduction/alkylation process. Succinimide is utilized in the development of antiepileptic agent .

HY-113114S

Tetrahydrocortisone-d5
Tetrahydrocortisone-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Tetrahydrocortisone. Tetrahydrocortisone is a stress-induced hormone. Tetrahydrocortisone is also a urinary metabolite of Cortisone derived from the reduction of Cortisone by 5-reductase .

HY-113114S1

Tetrahydrocortisone-d6
Tetrahydrocortisone-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Tetrahydrocortisone. Tetrahydrocortisone is a stress-induced hormone. Tetrahydrocortisone is also a urinary metabolite of Cortisone derived from the reduction of Cortisone by 5-reductase .

HY-N6618S

DL-Mannitol-13C
DL-Mannitol- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled DL-Mannitol. DL-Mannitol is obtained by combining D-mannitol with a sample of Lmannitol obtained by reduction of L-mannono-1, Clactone .

HY-113114S2

Tetrahydrocortisone-d5-1
Tetrahydrocortisone-d₅-1 is the deuterium labeled Tetrahydrocortisone (HY-113114). Tetrahydrocortisone is a stress-induced hormone. Tetrahydrocortisone is also a urinary metabolite of Cortisone derived from the reduction of Cortisone by 5-reductase .

HY-100582S1

Ribitol-2-13C
Ribitol-2- ¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol

HY-100582S2

Ribitol-3-13C
Ribitol-3- ¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol

HY-100582S3

Ribitol-5-13C
Ribitol-5- ¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol

HY-W721517

Gabapentin-d10
Gabapentin-d₁₀ is the deuterium labeled Gabapentin (HY-A0057). Gabapentin is a potent, orally active P/Q type Ca2+ channel blocker. Gabapentin inhibits neuronal Ca2+ influx and reduction of neurotransmitter release. Gabapentin is a GABA analog that can be used to relieve neuropathic pain .

HY-A0057AS2

Gabapentin-d4 hydrochloride
Gabapentin-d4 hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Gabapentin hydrochloride (HY-A0057A). Gabapentin hydrochloride is a potent, orally active P/Q type Ca ²⁺ channel blocker. Gabapentin hydrochloride inhibits neuronal Ca ²⁺ influx and reduction of neurotransmitter release. Gabapentin hydrochloride is a GABA analog that can be used to relieve neuropathic pain .

HY-100442S

Paquinimod-d5
Paquinimod-d5 is a deuterated analog of Paquinimod (HY-100442). Paquinimod (ABR 215757) is a specific and orally active inhibitor of S100A8/S100A9. Paquinimod rescues the pneumonia with substantial reduction of viral loads in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice .

HY-147338S

5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate-d3 trisodium

5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate-d₃ trisodium is the deuterium labeled 5-Methylcytidine 5’-triphosphate trisodium (HY-147338A). 5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate (5-Methyl-CTP) trisodium is a modified nucleoside triphosphate. 5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate trisodium can apply in replacing unmodified mRNA, resulting in the increase of translational properties and stability, as well as the reduction of innate immune responses in human and other mammalian cells .

HY-147338S2

5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate-d8 trisodium

5-Methylcytidine 5'-triphosphate-d₈ trisodium is the deuterium-labeled form of 5-Methylcytidine 5'-triphosphate trisodium (HY-147338A). 5-Methylcytidine 5'-triphosphate (5-Methyl-CTP) trisodium is a modified nucleoside triphosphate. 5-Methylcytidine 5'-triphosphate trisodium can be used to replace unmodified mRNA, resulting in the increase of translational properties and stability, as well as the reduction of innate immune responses in human and other mammalian cells .

HY-W700621

TCEP-d12 hydrochloride

TCEP-d₁₂ (hydrochloride) (Tris(2-?carboxyethyl)?phosphine hydrochloride-d₁₂) is deuterium labeled TCEP (hydrochloride). TCEP hydrochloride (Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride) is a non-thiol reducing agent that is more stable and produces a faster S-S reductive reaction than other chemical reductants. TCEP hydrochloride is a trialkylphosphine, selectively reduces protein disuldes without altering the properties or interacting with thiol-directed agents in the reaction mixture. TCEP hydrochloride is also a commonly used reducing agent in the DNA/AuNP chemistry .

HY-B1272AS

Desipramine-d4

Desipramine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Desipramine (HY-B1272A). Desipramine is a first-generation tricyclic antidepressant. Desipramine selectively binds to norepinephrine transporter and blocks neuronal norepinephrine reuptake. Desipramine activates MAPK signaling via ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, represses NF-κB and AP-1 activity, and induces apoptosis via ROS elevation, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and intracellular calcium increase. Desipramine also shows anyi-inflammatory activity, inhibiting TNF-α production. Desipramine can be used for the research of hepatocellular cancer, inflammation, and neurological diseases .

HY-B1272AS1

Desipramine-d3

Desipramine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Desipramine (HY-B1272A). Desipramine is a first-generation tricyclic antidepressant. Desipramine selectively binds to norepinephrine transporter and blocks neuronal norepinephrine reuptake. Desipramine activates MAPK signaling via ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, represses NF-κB and AP-1 activity, and induces apoptosis via ROS elevation, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and intracellular calcium increase. Desipramine also shows anyi-inflammatory activity, inhibiting TNF-α production. Desipramine can be used for the research of hepatocellular cancer, inflammation, and neurological diseases .

HY-155227S

ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5

ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 (Compound (-)-9a) is a deuterated dual-target inhibitor of EGFR and ALK, with an IC₅₀ of 1.08 nM for EGFR and an IC₅₀ of 2.395 nM for ALK. ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 inhibits the phosphorylated proteins in the EGFR, ALK, and BRK signaling pathways, blocking the cell cycle, leading to a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and cell apoptosis (Apoptosis). ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 also significantly inhibits tumor growth in animal models and demonstrates good safety. ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 holds promise for research in the field of cancer treatment

HY-14744S

Levamlodipine-d4

Levamlodipine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Levamlodipine. Levamlodipine ((S)-Amlodipine; Levoamlodipin) is an orally active L-type calcium channel blocker and MMP-9 modulator with high permeability and retention properties. Levamlodipine significantly enhances plaque stability and improves lipid profiles by reducing blood pressure, decreasing systolic blood pressure variability, and inhibiting MMP-9 expression in atherosclerotic plaques. Levamlodipine not only alleviates cardiac and aortic hypertrophy and prevents renal atrophy, but also produces synergistic effects in blood pressure reduction and organ protection when combined with bisoprolol (HY-129029). Levamlodipine exerts no significant inhibitory effect on abdominal aortic intimal hyperplasia. When excessively accumulated in the epidermis, Levamlodipine may induce changes in keratin structure, impair the skin barrier and trigger inflammation; long-term use further exacerbates skin irritation caused by local administration. Levamlodipine can be used in research related to hypertension and atherosclerosis .

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