Cat. No.: HY-123962

G6PD activator AG1

10 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 10 publication(s) in Google Scholar

G6PD activator AG1 is a potent and selective glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) agonist with an EC50 of 3 μM. G6PD is an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the oxidation of glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconolactone and the simultaneous reduction of NAD phosphate (NADP) to reduced NADP (NADPH). G6PD activator AG1 can reduce hemolysis of human erythrocytes.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.18%
CAS No.: 421581-52-4
Formula: C₂₄H₃₀N₄S₂
Molecular Weight:438.65

Storage:

4°C, protect from light

* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

G6PD activator AG1 Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 421581-52-4

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (10)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

IC50: 3 µΜ (G6PD)^[1]

All NADPH Oxidase Isoforms :

In Vitro

AG1 (50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000 nM) of 1 μM increases the viability by 20% and the proteolytic stability of Canton G6PD in SH-SY5Y cells. AG1 has no effect when G6PD was knocked down by siRNA, supporting the specificity of AG1 toward G6PD^[2].
AG1 (1-5 μΜ; pre-incubated overnight) reduces the extent of hemolysis with 5 μΜ in human erythrocytes suspension (5%) exposed to either 1 mM chloroquine (CQ; 4 hours) or diamide (a GSH oxidant; 4 hours). AG1 increases GSH levels and reduced ROS levels together with increased G6PD activity under these drug-induced oxidative stress^[2].
AG1 has no effect on the dimerization or activity of several other NAD- or NADP+-dependent dimeric or tetrameric enzymes, including 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1)^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 421581-52-4
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 438.65
Formula C₂₄H₃₀N₄S₂
Color White to yellow
SMILES

C1(CCNCCSSCCNCCC2=CNC3=C2C=CC=C3)=CNC4=C1C=CC=C4
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Publications (10)

All Bio/Physico-chemical AssayFlow CytometryWBIn Vivo Efficacy StudyELISA

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Biomed Eng

A live bacteria enzyme assay for identification of human disease mutations and drug screening. [Abstract]

2025 Sep;9(9):1547-1556. PMID: 40307426
Redox Biol

A potential therapeutic strategy based on acute oxidative stress induction for wild-type NRF2/KEAP1 lung squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 8:75:103305. PMID: 39137583

G6PD activator AG1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Aug 8:75:103305. [Abstract]

G6PD activator AG1 (25–100 μM; 24 h) induced cell death in H226 cells but causes only a low percentage of cell death in active-NRF2 HCC15 cells at 100 μM.
Redox Biol

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase alleviates epileptic seizures by repressing reactive oxygen species production to promote signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-mediated N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors inhibition. [Abstract]

2024 Aug:74:103236. PMID: 38875958

G6PD activator AG1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Aug:74:103236. [Abstract]

Quantification of ROS, NADPH/NADP⁺, and GSH/GSSH in the AG1 (G6PD activator AG1; 1 μM; 12 h) and AG1+DMF groups after kainic acid (KA) treatment of HT22 cells. AG1 decreased ROS levels and increased the NADPH/NADP⁺ and GSH/GSSH ratios; DMF attenuated these changes.

G6PD activator AG1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Aug:74:103236. [Abstract]

Representative immunoblots and quantification of STAT1 in agonist (Con, G6PD activator AG1 (AG1, 1 μM; 12 h), and AG1+DMF groups) groups after KA treatment of HT22 cells. AG1 increased STAT1 protein expression, whereas DMF attenuated the G6PD inhibitor, 6-An-induced increase in STAT1 expression.

G6PD activator AG1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Aug:74:103236. [Abstract]

The seizure susceptibility in the sham and AG1 (G6PD activator AG1; 4 μg; i.h.; single dose) groups following the injection of PTZ (n = 8). AG1 reduced the kindling rate from 100% to 37.5% and delayed cumulative seizure incidence.
Cell Death Dis

Post-irradiation dietary restriction impairs hematopoiesis via inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 7;17(1):8. PMID: 41500989

G6PD activator AG1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2026 Jan 7;17(1):8. [Abstract]

G6PD enzyme activity and NADPH content in bone marrow cells of dietary-restricted C57BL/6 mice 1 month after 4.5 Gy X-ray irradiation and administration of AG1 (G6PD activator AG1; 20 mg/kg; i.p.; every other day for 9 doses), analyzed by ELISA. AG1 increased G6PD activity and NADPH content.

G6PD activator AG1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2026 Jan 7;17(1):8. [Abstract]

Peripheral blood WBC, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts in dietary-restricted C57BL/6 mice 1 month after 4.5 Gy X-ray irradiation and administration of AG1 (G6PD activator AG1; 20 mg/kg; i.p.; every other day for 9 doses). AG1 increased WBC, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts.
Cell Rep

G6PD deficiency triggers dopamine loss and the initiation of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 7;44(1):115178. PMID: 39772392
Life Metab

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase regulates mitophagy by maintaining PINK1 stability. [Abstract]

2024 Dec 13;4(1):loae040. PMID: 39872984
Sci Rep

Combined effects of double mutations on catalytic activity and structural stability contribute to clinical manifestations of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. [Abstract]

2021 Dec 21;11(1):24307. PMID: 34934109
Thromb Res

Activation of the pentose phosphate pathway mitigates platelet storage lesions and improves platelet preservation quality. [Abstract]

2025 Aug:252:109377. PMID: 40516318
Ann Med Surg (Lond)

Synergistic mechanism of Shengyang Shiyiwei Pill in enhancing bevacizumab efficacy for hepatocellular carcinoma-associated ascites. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 25;88(1):290-302. PMID: 41496997
bioRxiv

Metabolic control of enteroendocrine cell fate through a redox state sensor CtBP. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 2:2025.06.30.662346. PMID: 40631244

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 62.5 mg/mL (142.48 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.2797 mL

11.3986 mL

22.7972 mL

5 mM

0.4559 mL

2.2797 mL

4.5594 mL

10 mM

0.2280 mL

1.1399 mL

2.2797 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (271 KB)
SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2019023264A1/en?oq=WO2019023264A1

[2]. Kaitlyn Ryan, et al. Current investigations on clinical pharmacology and therapeutics of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Dec 14;222:107788. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.2797 mL	11.3986 mL	22.7972 mL	56.9930 mL
	5 mM	0.4559 mL	2.2797 mL	4.5594 mL	11.3986 mL
	10 mM	0.2280 mL	1.1399 mL	2.2797 mL	5.6993 mL
	15 mM	0.1520 mL	0.7599 mL	1.5198 mL	3.7995 mL
	20 mM	0.1140 mL	0.5699 mL	1.1399 mL	2.8497 mL
	25 mM	0.0912 mL	0.4559 mL	0.9119 mL	2.2797 mL
	30 mM	0.0760 mL	0.3800 mL	0.7599 mL	1.8998 mL
	40 mM	0.0570 mL	0.2850 mL	0.5699 mL	1.4248 mL
	50 mM	0.0456 mL	0.2280 mL	0.4559 mL	1.1399 mL
	60 mM	0.0380 mL	0.1900 mL	0.3800 mL	0.9499 mL
	80 mM	0.0285 mL	0.1425 mL	0.2850 mL	0.7124 mL
	100 mM	0.0228 mL	0.1140 mL	0.2280 mL	0.5699 mL

Keywords

G6PD activator AG1

10 Cited Publications

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G6PD activator AG1

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) G6PD activator AG1

All NADPH Oxidase Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (10)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

G6PD activator AG1

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) G6PD activator AG1

All NADPH Oxidase Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (10)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

G6PD activator AG1 Related Classifications

HY-123962 Related Classifications