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mitochondrial replication

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Mitochondrial Metabolism (3) Mitophagy (2) Akt (1) Antibiotic (3) Apoptosis (12) Atg8/LC3 (1) Autophagy (5) Bacterial (1) Bcl-2 Family (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (1) Caspase (1) DNA/RNA Synthesis (7) Drug Metabolite (2) Dynamin (2) EGFR (1) Enterovirus (1) Farnesyl Transferase (1) HBV (1) HIV (6) HSP (1) Influenza Virus (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (1) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (4) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (6) p38 MAPK (1) Parasite (1) PINK1/Parkin (2) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (3) Reference Standards (1) Reverse Transcriptase (4) SARS-CoV (1) Topoisomerase (2) Virus Protease (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (9) Cardiovascular Disease (1) Infection (13) Inflammation/Immunology (1) Metabolic Disease (1) Neurological Disease (4)
Oligonucleotides:	Adenosine (2) Nucleoside Analogs (2)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Targets Recommended: Mitochondrial Metabolism Mitophagy

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-13324

Bardoxolone methyl Maximum Cited Publications 41 Publications Verification RTA 402; NSC 713200; CDDO Methyl ester	Keap1-Nrf2 SARS-CoV Virus Protease	Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Bardoxolone (CDDO; RTA 401) methyl is an orally active and blood-brain-barrier-penetrant activator of Nrf2 and an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease. Bardoxolone methyl inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells with an EC₅₀ value of 0.29 μM. Bardoxolone methyl increases levels of pNrf2 and HO-1, inhibits inflammatory mediators like pNFκB and MCP-1. Bardoxolone methyl activates the Nrf2 pathway to enhance antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses, inhibits viral replication, and improves mitochondrial function. Bardoxolone methyl can be used in research on chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP), COVID-19, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) .

HY-B0116

Stavudine 4 Publications Verification d4T	Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .

HY-N6769

Radicicol 4 Publications Verification Monorden	HSP Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite	Infection
Radicicol is an inhibitor of Hsp90 with an IC₅₀ value < 1 μM, and leads to proteasomal degradation . Radicicol exhibits inhibition on PDK with IC₅₀s of 230 μM (PDK1) and 400 μM (PDK3). Radicicol is an antifungal and antimalarial antibiotic, impairs mitochondrial replication by targeting P. falciparum topoisomerase VIB . Radicicol is also an inhibitor of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), with an IC₅₀ value of 16.04 μM .

HY-N10470

Bleomycin A5 1 Publications Verification Pingyangmycin	Antibiotic DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Dynamin PINK1/Parkin Mitophagy	Infection Cancer
Bleomycin A5 (Pingyangmycin) is a glycopeptide antibiotic with multiple biological activities, which can be isolated from Streptomyces. Bleomycin A5 exerts cytotoxic effects by binding to Fe ²⁺ to form a complex, inducing single-strand and double-strand DNA breaks, and inhibiting DNA replication. Bleomycin A5 inhibits Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and suppresses PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy, ultimately triggering mitochondria-mediated cellular apoptosis. Bleomycin A5 can be used in cancer research .

HY-N7922

Urolithin M5 1 Publications Verification Decarboxyellagic acid	Influenza Virus p38 MAPK EGFR Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Infection Neurological Disease
Urolithin M5 (Decarboxyellagic acid) is an orally active influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor and neuroprotective agent, with IC₅₀ values of 174.8 μM (HK68), 191.5 μM (pdm09), 243.2 μM (WSN) and 257.1 μM (PR8) against four influenza virus neuraminidases, respectively. Urolithin M5 inhibits viral neuraminidase activity, thereby blocking influenza virus replication (including oseltamivir (HY-13317)-resistant strains), protecting infected mammals from death and improving pulmonary edema. Urolithin M5 forms a hydrogen-bond stabilized complex with IGF1R, and binds to MAPK14, AKT1, NFKB1 and EGFR. Urolithin M5 reduces reactive oxygen species production, inhibits neuronal apoptosis, restores mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and promotes neurite outgrowth of damaged neuronal cells. Urolithin M5 can be used in research related to influenza virus infection and Alzheimer's disease .

HY-W011725

N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine m6dA	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Mitochondrial Metabolism DNA/RNA Synthesis	Neurological Disease Cancer
N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine (m6dA) is an adenine nucleoside analogue. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine targets nuclear processes and DNA replication machineries including WER, SATB1, TFAM, Jumu, SSBP1, DNA polymerase η and phage polymerase Gp90 exo ⁻. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine acts as a multifunctional epigenetic regulator that modulates transcription, DNA damage response, cell cycle, transposon silencing, stress adaptation, epigenetic crosstalk, and nucleosome organization in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine regulates mitochondrial epigenetic inheritance and is required for fear extinction memory in mice. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine exhibits dysregulated levels in cancers. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine can be used for the research of glioblastoma, triple negative breast cancer, and conditioned fear (fear extinction impairment) .

HY-155386

Peroxynitrite sodium	Biochemical Assay Reagents Enterovirus DNA/RNA Synthesis Mitochondrial Metabolism	Infection Neurological Disease
Peroxynitrite sodium is a product of the diffusion-controlled reaction between nitric oxide and superoxide radicals, as well as an oxidant and an antiviral agent. Peroxynitrite sodium inhibits *Mitochondrial* respiration. Peroxynitrite sodium suppresses the replication of Coxsackievirus, partly by inhibiting viral RNA entry into host cells. Peroxynitrite sodium induces a significant nociceptive response .

HY-125918

Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride Pingyangmycin hydrochloride	Antibiotic DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Dynamin PINK1/Parkin Mitophagy	Infection Cancer
Bleomycin A5 (Pingyangmycin) hydrochloride is a glycopeptide antibiotic with multiple biological activities, which can be isolated from Streptomyces. Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride exerts cytotoxic effects by binding to Fe ²⁺ to form a complex, inducing single-strand and double-strand DNA breaks, and inhibiting DNA replication. Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride inhibits Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and suppresses PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy, ultimately triggering mitochondria-mediated cellular apoptosis. Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride can be used in cancer research .

HY-148172

L-Fd4A	HIV HBV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog	Infection
L-Fd4A is an adenine derivative. L-Fd4A has anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (EC₅₀=1.5 μM) and anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) (EC₅₀=1.7 μM) activity. L-Fd4A has low cytotoxicity .

HY-B0116A

Stavudine sodium d4T sodium	Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine (d4T) sodium is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine sodium has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine sodium also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine sodium reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine sodium induces apoptosis .

HY-B0116R

Stavudine (Standard) d4T (Standard)	Reference Standards Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Stavudine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .

HY-123393

PNU-142586	Topoisomerase	Others
PNU-142586 is the major metabolite of Linezolid (HY-10394). PNU-142586 can inhibit the activity of DNA topoisomerase 2-α (TOP2A) and DNA topoisomerase 2-β (TOP2B). PNU-142586 interferes with DNA replication and transcription by blocking the binding of DNA to TOP2 and inhibiting ATP hydrolysis, ultimately leading to antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects, including mitochondrial dysfunction. PNU-142586 can be used to study Linezolid-induced hematotoxicity and its molecular mechanism .

HY-N8361

Glycoborinine	HIV Apoptosis	Infection Cancer
Glycoborinine, a natural carbazole alkaloid, can be isolated from Glycosmis pentaphylla. Glycoborinine induces HepG2 cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. Glycoborinine also inhibits HIV replication in cells .

HY-178158

SQS-IN-1	Farnesyl Transferase Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
SQS-IN-1 is a squalene synthase (SQS) inhibitor. SQS-IN-1 exhibits potent and broad-spectrum anti-proliferative effects on both mouse and human lung cancer cell lines. SQS-IN-1 inhibits DNA replication and the cell cycle, causing mitochondrial hyperpolarization and inducing cell apoptosis. SQS-IN-1 inhibits cell migration and invasion. SQS-IN-1 can be used to the study of lung cancer .

HY-173128

TZOA	Apoptosis	Infection
TZOA is an antiviral agent that inhibits the replication of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in a dose-dependent manner and significantly reduces viral titers. TZOA can effectively counteract IHNV-induced apoptosis, maintain mitochondrial membrane potential and homeostasis, and restore MAVS-mediated interferon expression. TZOA has antiviral activity .

HY-162456

Anticancer agent 205	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
Anticancer agent 205 (compound 9) is a potent anticancer agent. Anticancer agent 205 binds to G4-mtDNA target and inhibits the replication, transcription, and translation of mtDNA (mitochondrial genome). Anticancer agent 205 causes mitochondrial dysfunction, increases ROS production, induces DNA damage and cellular senescence. Anticancer agent 205 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrests at G0/G1 phase. Anticancer agent 205 has the potential for the research of colorectal cancer .

HY-B0116S

Stavudine-d4	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Stavudine. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .

HY-W344074

Cytarabine 5’-monophosphate	DNA/RNA Synthesis Drug Metabolite	Cancer
Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate is a metabolite of the nucleoside analog Cytarabine (HY-13605), catalyzed by deoxycytidine kinase. Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate is incorporated into DNA by DNA polymerase α, which reduces the rate of DNA synthesis. At a concentration of 15 mM, Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate inhibits nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae). Additionally, Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate (3.5-75.1 mg/kg) improves survival in leukemia mice (L1210 mice). Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate can be used in cancer research .

HY-181599

XAN-5	Mitochondrial Metabolism DNA/RNA Synthesis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Autophagy Caspase Bcl-2 Family Atg8/LC3	Cancer
XAN-5 is a mitochondrial DNA G-quadruplex (mtG4) ligand with a K_d of 3.8 μM. XAN-5 selectively binds and stabilizes mtG4 structures, disrupting mitochondrial gene transcription and DNA replication. XAN-5 triggers mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS overproduction, G0 phase arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis. XAN-5 inhibits autophagy and induces immunogenic cell death. XAN-5 inhibits tumor growth in a mouse liver cancer model while enhancing tumor-infiltrating CD4 ⁺ and CD8 ⁺ T cells. XAN-5 targets two cancer resistance mechanisms simultaneously. XAN-5 can be used for the research of liver cancer .

HY-W654323

PNU-142586 sodium	Topoisomerase Drug Metabolite	Others
PNU-142586 sodiu) is the major metabolite of Linezolid (HY-10394). PNU-142586 can inhibit the activity of DNA topoisomerase 2-α (TOP2A) and DNA topoisomerase 2-β (TOP2B). PNU-142586 interferes with DNA replication and transcription by blocking the binding of DNA to TOP2 and inhibiting ATP hydrolysis, ultimately leading to antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects, including mitochondrial dysfunction. PNU-142586 can be used to study Linezolid-induced hematotoxicity and its molecular mechanism .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-N6769

Radicicol 4 Publications Verification Monorden	Antifungal Classification of Application Fields Marine natural products Anti-parasitic Disease Research Infection Microorganisms Macrolide Antibiotics Antibiotics Phenols Polyphenols Marine microorganism Disease Research Fields Source Classification	HSP Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite
Radicicol is an inhibitor of Hsp90 with an IC₅₀ value < 1 μM, and leads to proteasomal degradation . Radicicol exhibits inhibition on PDK with IC₅₀s of 230 μM (PDK1) and 400 μM (PDK3). Radicicol is an antifungal and antimalarial antibiotic, impairs mitochondrial replication by targeting P. falciparum topoisomerase VIB . Radicicol is also an inhibitor of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), with an IC₅₀ value of 16.04 μM .

HY-N10470

Bleomycin A5 1 Publications Verification Pingyangmycin	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Animals Source Classification	Antibiotic DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Dynamin PINK1/Parkin Mitophagy
Bleomycin A5 (Pingyangmycin) is a glycopeptide antibiotic with multiple biological activities, which can be isolated from Streptomyces. Bleomycin A5 exerts cytotoxic effects by binding to Fe ²⁺ to form a complex, inducing single-strand and double-strand DNA breaks, and inhibiting DNA replication. Bleomycin A5 inhibits Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and suppresses PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy, ultimately triggering mitochondria-mediated cellular apoptosis. Bleomycin A5 can be used in cancer research .

HY-N7922

Urolithin M5 1 Publications Verification Decarboxyellagic acid	Structural Classification Canarium album (Lour.) Rauesch. Phenols Polyphenols Plants Burseraceae Source Classification	Influenza Virus p38 MAPK EGFR Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis
Urolithin M5 (Decarboxyellagic acid) is an orally active influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor and neuroprotective agent, with IC₅₀ values of 174.8 μM (HK68), 191.5 μM (pdm09), 243.2 μM (WSN) and 257.1 μM (PR8) against four influenza virus neuraminidases, respectively. Urolithin M5 inhibits viral neuraminidase activity, thereby blocking influenza virus replication (including oseltamivir (HY-13317)-resistant strains), protecting infected mammals from death and improving pulmonary edema. Urolithin M5 forms a hydrogen-bond stabilized complex with IGF1R, and binds to MAPK14, AKT1, NFKB1 and EGFR. Urolithin M5 reduces reactive oxygen species production, inhibits neuronal apoptosis, restores mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and promotes neurite outgrowth of damaged neuronal cells. Urolithin M5 can be used in research related to influenza virus infection and Alzheimer's disease .

HY-125918

Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride Pingyangmycin hydrochloride	Structural Classification Microorganisms Antibiotics Source Classification	Antibiotic DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Dynamin PINK1/Parkin Mitophagy
Bleomycin A5 (Pingyangmycin) hydrochloride is a glycopeptide antibiotic with multiple biological activities, which can be isolated from Streptomyces. Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride exerts cytotoxic effects by binding to Fe ²⁺ to form a complex, inducing single-strand and double-strand DNA breaks, and inhibiting DNA replication. Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride inhibits Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and suppresses PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy, ultimately triggering mitochondria-mediated cellular apoptosis. Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride can be used in cancer research .

HY-N8361

Glycoborinine	Alkaloids Glycosmis arborea (Retz.) Corrêa Rutaceae Plants Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	HIV Apoptosis
Glycoborinine, a natural carbazole alkaloid, can be isolated from Glycosmis pentaphylla. Glycoborinine induces HepG2 cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. Glycoborinine also inhibits HIV replication in cells .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0116S

Stavudine-d4
Stavudine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Stavudine. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-W011725

N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine m6dA		Nucleoside Analogs Adenosine
N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine (m6dA) is an adenine nucleoside analogue. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine targets nuclear processes and DNA replication machineries including WER, SATB1, TFAM, Jumu, SSBP1, DNA polymerase η and phage polymerase Gp90 exo ⁻. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine acts as a multifunctional epigenetic regulator that modulates transcription, DNA damage response, cell cycle, transposon silencing, stress adaptation, epigenetic crosstalk, and nucleosome organization in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine regulates mitochondrial epigenetic inheritance and is required for fear extinction memory in mice. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine exhibits dysregulated levels in cancers. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine can be used for the research of glioblastoma, triple negative breast cancer, and conditioned fear (fear extinction impairment) .

HY-148172

L-Fd4A		Nucleoside Analogs Adenosine
L-Fd4A is an adenine derivative. L-Fd4A has anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (EC₅₀=1.5 μM) and anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) (EC₅₀=1.7 μM) activity. L-Fd4A has low cytotoxicity .

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mitochondrial replication

Inhibitors & Agonists

NaturalProducts

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Natural
Products