Piptanthus nepalensis (Hook.) D. Don

Ergolide is an orally active dual inhibitor targeting NF-κB/p65 and NLRP3. Ergolide blocks the NF-κB signaling pathway and the nuclear translocation of p65, and irreversibly binds to the NACHT domain of NLRP3 to inhibit inflammasome assembly. Ergolide significantly reduces the production of inflammatory mediators (e.g., NO, PGE₂) and cytokines, induces cancer cell apoptosis, autophagy and ROS generation. Ergolide also enhances the anti-tumor effect of vincristine. Ergolide alleviates acute lung injury via an NLRP3-dependent mechanism, and effectively improves the survival rate and behavioral function of septic mice and inflammatory zebrafish models. Ergolide is used in the research of metastatic uveal melanoma, neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease), sepsis and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Daidzein-4',7-diglucoside is a natural product that can be isolated from Radix puerariae.

Inula japonica polysaccharide is a polysaccharide derived from Inula japonica.

1-Hydroxy-4αH-1,10-secoeudesma-5(6),10(14),11(13)-trien-12,8β-olide is a neuroprotective agent. 1-Hydroxy-4αH-1,10-secoeudesma-5(6),10(14),11(13)-trien-12,8β-olide reduces the protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2, blocks the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB, and inhibits nitric oxide production. 1-Hydroxy-4αH-1,10-secoeudesma-5(6),10(14),11(13)-trien-12,8β-olide promotes the polarization of microglia to the M2 phenotype by inducing the production of Arg-1, and alleviates cell damage induced by H₂O₂ and 6-Hydroxydopamine (HY-B1081).

6-Methoxybritannilactone is an inhibitor of NO production with an EC₅₀ of 3.2 μM. 6-Methoxybritannilactone can be used in the research of neurodegenerative diseases.

8-epi-Helenalin is a semitterpene lactone with anti-tumor activity that can be isolated from Inula britannicaL. var. chinensis (Rupr.) Reg. and the ED₅₀ values of 8-epi-Helenalin for HL-60, A549, MCF7, HCT-15, SK-OV-3 and Malme-3M are 12.2 μM, 53.8 μM, 9.1 μM, 8.7 μM, 18.7 μM and 8.3 μM, respectively. 8-epi-Helenalin can be used for anti-tumor studies.

1-O-Acetyl-6-O-isobutyrylbritannilactone is a Sesquiterpenoids product that can be isolated from the flower heads of Inula britannica..

1-O-Acetyl-6alpha-O-(2-methylbutyryl)britannilactone is a Sesquiterpenoids product that can be isolated from the flower heads of Inula britannica..

Dibritannilactone B is a Sesquiterpenoids product that can be isolated from the aerial parts of Inula britannica..

α-Spinasterol acetate (5α-Stigmasta-7,22-dien-3β-ol, acetate) is a Sesquiterpenoids product that can be isolated from the roots of Trigonostemon chinensis Merr..

Britannilactone diacetate (1,6-O,O-Diacetylbritannilactone; Compound 2) exhibits potential NO inhibition effect. Britannilactone diacetate exhibits activity against NO production induced by LPS in BV-2 microglial cells with the EC₅₀ value of 6.3 μM. Britannilactone diacetate exhibits a favorable blood-brain barriers (BBB) penetration and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) property.

Ivangustin is a sesquiterpene isolated from the flower heads of the medicinal plant Inula britannica.