(Rac)-SHIN2
Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar
(Rac)-SHIN2 is a pyrazolopyran derivative and a serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) inhibitor. (Rac)-SHIN2 has antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity against Hep2 cells. (Rac)-SHIN2 exerts potent antibacterial activity against both vancomycin-susceptible and vanA-type vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.09%
- CAS No.: 2204289-53-0
- Formula: C23H26N4O3
- Molecular Weight:406.48
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) (Rac)-SHIN2
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Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT)[1]
In Vitro
(Rac)-SHIN2 (0.001-10 μM; 24 h) exhibits antibacterial activity against both E. faecium (VSEfm) and E. faecium (VREfmvanA), with EC50 values of 4.7 nM and 9.8 nM, respectively[1].
(Rac)-SHIN2 (3 days) has a CC50 of 7.5 μM against Hep2 cells[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 2204289-53-0
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 406.48
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Formula C23H26N4O3
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Color Light yellow to yellow
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SMILES
N#CC(C1(C2=CC(C#CCCCO)=CC(CO)=C2)C(C)C)=C(N)OC3=C1C(C)=NN3
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (3)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Arch Biochem Biophys
SHIN-2 exerts potent activity against VanA-type vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in vitro by stabilizing the active site loop of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. [Abstract]2024 Nov:761:110160. PMID: 39313141 -
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bioRxiv
2025 Jul 2:2025.06.18.660357. PMID: 40631095
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (246.01 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.15 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.15 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Mammalian live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining
Live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining assays are based on the simultaneous detection of intracellular esterase activity in metabolically active (viable) cells and membrane integrity loss in non-viable cells. In commonly used dual-staining approaches, membrane-permeant fluorogenic substrates are converted by intracellular esterases into fluorescent products in live cells, while impermeant DNA-binding dyes selectively enter cells with compromised plasma membranes and label nucleic acids in dead or dying cells, enabling discrimination between viable and non-viable populations by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
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Bacterial live/dead nucleic-acid viability staining
The LIVE/DEAD bacterial viability staining method is based on differential permeability of nucleic-acid-binding fluorescent dyes, most commonly SYTO 9 and propidium iodide (PI), which enables discrimination of bacterial populations with intact versus compromised cytoplasmic membranes. SYTO 9 penetrates both intact and damaged bacterial membranes and binds nucleic acids to produce green fluorescence, whereas propidium iodide penetrates only cells with compromised membranes and fluoresces red while also reducing SYTO 9 signal through competitive binding and fluorescence interactions. The resulting fluorescence pattern is interpreted as a proxy for membrane integrity, which is widely used as an indicator of bacterial viability in microscopy, flow cytometry, and spectroscopic platforms. However, mechanistic studies show that SYTO 9 and PI interactions involve displacement and fluorescence resonance energy transfer effects, which can influence signal interpretation depending on dye ratios a
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (282 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Hayashi H, et al. SHIN-2 exerts potent activity against VanA-type vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in vitro by stabilizing the active site loop of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2024 Nov;761:110160. [Content Brief]
[2]. Vamsi Mootha, et al. Method of treating and preventing viral infection. WO2022120195A1. 2022-06-09.
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.4601 mL | 12.3007 mL | 24.6015 mL | 61.5036 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4920 mL | 2.4601 mL | 4.9203 mL | 12.3007 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2460 mL | 1.2301 mL | 2.4601 mL | 6.1504 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1640 mL | 0.8200 mL | 1.6401 mL | 4.1002 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1230 mL | 0.6150 mL | 1.2301 mL | 3.0752 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0984 mL | 0.4920 mL | 0.9841 mL | 2.4601 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0820 mL | 0.4100 mL | 0.8200 mL | 2.0501 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0615 mL | 0.3075 mL | 0.6150 mL | 1.5376 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0492 mL | 0.2460 mL | 0.4920 mL | 1.2301 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0410 mL | 0.2050 mL | 0.4100 mL | 1.0251 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0308 mL | 0.1538 mL | 0.3075 mL | 0.7688 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0246 mL | 0.1230 mL | 0.2460 mL | 0.6150 mL |
(Rac)-SHIN2 Related Classifications
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