Ganciclovir sodium
Based on 28 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Ganciclovir (BW 759) sodium, a nucleoside analogue, is an orally active antiviral agent with activity against CMV. Ganciclovir sodium also has activity in vitro against members of the herpes group and some other DNA viruses. Ganciclovir sodium inhibits the in vitro replication of human herpes viruses (HSV 1 and 2, CMV) and adenovirus serotypes 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 19, 22 and 28. Ganciclovir sodium has an IC50 of 5.2 μM for feline herpesvirus type-1 (FHV-1) and can diffuse into the brain.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.92%
- CAS No.: 107910-75-8
- Formula: C9H12N5NaO4
- Molecular Weight:277.21
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ganciclovir sodium
More- Cell. 2025 Apr 3;188(7):1828-1841.e15. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2020 Nov 25;183(5):1402-1419.e18. [Abstract]
- Nat Neurosci. 2024 Aug;27(8):1522-1533. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Apr 17;15(1):3311. [Abstract]
- Trends Biotechnol. 2025 Aug 29:S0167-7799(25)00316-6. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Jul 20;20(1):340. [Abstract]
- Brain Behav Immun. 2019 Aug:80:394-405. [Abstract]
- Sci Data. 2022 Oct 8;9(1):610. [Abstract]
- Pharmaceutics. 2023 Nov 27;15(12):2680. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2022 Mar:197:114917. [Abstract]
- Cells. 2019 Dec 20;9(1):31. [Abstract]
- Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Oct 16;18(10):1560. [Abstract]
- Microchem J. 2021, 106587.
- Eur J Pharm Sci. 2019 Jan 15:127:29-37. [Abstract]
- PLoS Pathog. 2024 Apr 16;20(4):e1012141. [Abstract]
- Stem Cells. 2025 Jun 24;43(7):sxaf032. [Abstract]
- Antiviral Res. 2021 Sep:193:105124. [Abstract]
- J Virol. 2017 Jan 18;91(3). pii: e02152-16. [Abstract]
- Microb Pathog. 2026 Apr:213:108349. [Abstract]
- J Gen Virol. 2026 Mar;107(3):002248. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2026 May 1;330(5):G532-G548. [Abstract]
- Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2020 Apr;8(2):e00575. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Jun 2.
- New York University. 2026.
- Preprints. 2025 Dec 2.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Nov 13:2025.11.11.687828. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2023 Sep 20.
- Research Square Print. 2023 Mar.
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Others
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Microbiological Assay
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
All Antibiotic Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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CMV |
HSV-1 |
HSV-2 |
FHV-1 5.2 μM (IC50) |
Ganciclovir (BW 759) is an acyclic deoxyguanosine analog structurally similar to acyclovir but with superior activity against CMV. The median Ganciclovir concentration required to inhibit viral replication by 50 percent is 2.15 μM versus 72 μM for acyclovir[4].
The primary mechanism of Ganciclovir action against CMV is inhibition of the replication of viral DNA by ganciclovir-5'-triphosphate (ganciclovir-TP). This inhibition includes a selective and potent inhibition of the viral DNA polymerase. Ganciclovir is metabolized to the triphosphate form by primarily three cellular enzymes: a deoxyguanosine kinase induced by CMV-infected cells; guanylate kinase; and phosphoglycerate kinase[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Ganciclovir (1-80 mg/kg; i.h.; daily for 5 days) delays murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-induced wasting syndrome and mortality[6].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Non-inbred Oncins France 1 (OF1) mice and albino rats non-immunized for MCMV[3]
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Dosage:50 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection, twice a day for five injections (mice) or 3 days (adult rats) (Pharmacokinetic Study)
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Result:In adult rats, the intracochlear diffusion of Ganciclovir was shown to achieve the same concentration as in blood. In gestating mice, transplacental diffusion was observed, with a fetal-to-maternal blood ratio of 0.5. In newborn mice, the plasma concentration profile of Ganciclovir showed a peak at 2 h followed by a gradual decrease. In adult mice, the concentration peaked at 1 h, but became undetectable by 2 h after injection.
Significantly decreased white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets in newborn mice.
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Animal Model:Female SCID mice inoculated with MCMV[6]
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Dosage:0, 1, 10, 80 and 160 mg/kg
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Administration:Subcutaneous injection, once daily for 5 days
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Result:Dose dependently delayed the wasting syndrome and mortality in a dose range up to 80 mg/kg per day, whereas a dose of 160 mg/kg per day induced reversible side-effects.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 107910-75-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 277.21
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Formula C9H12N5NaO4
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
OCC(OCN1C=NC2=C1N=C(N)N=C2O[Na])CO
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Synonyms
BW 759 sodium; 2'-Nor-2'-deoxyguanosine sodium
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Publications (28)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell
2025 Apr 3;188(7):1828-1841.e15. PMID: 39952247 -
Cell
2020 Nov 25;183(5):1402-1419.e18. PMID: 33152263
Ganciclovir sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell. 2020 Nov 25;183(5):1402-1419.e18. [Abstract]
In vivo studies of miR-124-HSV-tk-GFP teratomas in the presence of GCV administration (80mg/kg/d, 10 weeks) using both intratumoral (IT) and intratumoral and intraperitoneal injection methods. A heatmap showing cell type fraction log fold-change for each teratoma replicate compared to a control miR-124-HSV-tk-GFP teratoma in the absence of GCV. Z-scores for each cell type fraction change are plotted as well, with standard deviations calculated using a pooled variance.
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Nat Neurosci
Spatiotemporally selective astrocytic ATP dynamics encode injury information sensed by microglia following brain injury in mice. [Abstract]2024 Aug;27(8):1522-1533. PMID: 38862791 -
Nat Commun
Engineering a synthetic gene circuit for high-performance inducible expression in mammalian systems. [Abstract]2024 Apr 17;15(1):3311. PMID: 38632224 -
Trends Biotechnol
2025 Aug 29:S0167-7799(25)00316-6. PMID: 40885669 -
J Nanobiotechnology
GRP75-driven, cell-cycle-dependent macropinocytosis of Tat/pDNA-Ca2+ nanoparticles underlies distinct gene therapy effect in ovarian cancer. [Abstract]2022 Jul 20;20(1):340. PMID: 35858873
Ganciclovir sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Jul 20;20(1):340. [Abstract]
Long-term GCV (50 mg/kg, ip)-trigged nanoparticle-based therapy in ovarian cancer model.
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Brain Behav Immun
Conditional ablation of reactive astrocytes to dissect their roles in spinal cord injury and repair. [Abstract]2019 Aug:80:394-405. PMID: 30959174 -
Sci Data
High-content, arrayed compound screens with rhinovirus, influenza A virus and herpes simplex virus infections. [Abstract]2022 Oct 8;9(1):610. PMID: 36209289
Ganciclovir sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Data. 2022 Oct 8;9(1):610. [Abstract]
Exemplary overviews of one screening plate for each virus screen. Individual images of each well were stitched yielding the overviews. First two columns of each plate contained DMSO control solvent, the following 20 columns PCL compounds, and the last two columns the positive controls (BafA1 for RV and IAV, and GCV (25 μM) for HSV-1). Scale bar represents 10 mm.
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Pharmaceutics
Combined Treatment with Host-Directed and Anticytomegaloviral Kinase Inhibitors: Mechanisms, Synergisms and Drug Resistance Barriers. [Abstract]2023 Nov 27;15(12):2680. PMID: 38140021
Ganciclovir sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmaceutics. 2023 Nov 27;15(12):2680. [Abstract]
GCV (1-30 μM) exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in newly synthesized DNA due to its inhibitory impact on the viral polymerase processing activity.
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Biochem Pharmacol
Ganciclovir attenuates the onset and progression of experimental autoimmune uveitis by inhibiting infiltration of Th17 and inflammatory cells into the retina. [Abstract]2022 Mar:197:114917. PMID: 35041813 -
Cells
The Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonist Eltrombopag Inhibits Human Cytomegalovirus Replication Via Iron Chelation. [Abstract]2019 Dec 20;9(1):31. PMID: 31861948
Ganciclovir sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cells. 2019 Dec 20;9(1):31. [Abstract]
Antiviral effects of eltrombopag in combination with Ganciclovir (0.61-10000 nM). Effects of equimolar drug concentrations on HCMV LA expression in HCMV Hi91 (MOI 0.02) HFFs 120 h post infection. * p < 0.05 compared to either single treatment.
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Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
New Assay Systems to Characterize the Broad-Spectrum Antiherpesviral and Non-Herpesviral Activity of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) 8 Inhibitors. [Abstract]2025 Oct 16;18(10):1560. PMID: 41155676 -
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Eur J Pharm Sci
FRET-based assay using a three-way junction DNA substrate to identify inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus pUL89 endonuclease activity. [Abstract]2019 Jan 15:127:29-37. PMID: 30342172
Ganciclovir sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Eur J Pharm Sci. 2019 Jan 15:127:29-37. [Abstract]
Viral reporter GFP expression after inoculation and compound treatment. Infected cells treated with DMSO control, BIO, Ganciclovir (GCV) or Letermovir (LTR)
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PLoS Pathog
Palmitoylation of KSHV pORF55 is required for Golgi localization and efficient progeny virion production. [Abstract]2024 Apr 16;20(4):e1012141. PMID: 38626263 -
Stem Cells
Transcriptomic analysis of the m6A reader YTHDF2 in the maintenance and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. [Abstract]2025 Jun 24;43(7):sxaf032. PMID: 40418739 -
Antiviral Res
2021 Sep:193:105124. PMID: 34197862 -
J Virol
Inhibition of Human Cytomegalovirus pUL89 Terminase Subunit Blocks Virus Replication and Genome Cleavage. [Abstract]2017 Jan 18;91(3). pii: e02152-16. PMID: 27881652 -
Microb Pathog
mTORC2-dependent autophagy inhibition regulates the replication of HSV-1 and adenovirus in viral keratitis & conjunctivitis. [Abstract]2026 Apr:213:108349. PMID: 41628839 -
J Gen Virol
Decoding the antiviral potential of eugenol, thymol and vanillin against human cytomegalovirus infection. [Abstract]2026 Mar;107(3):002248. PMID: 41849209 -
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
Regulatory T cells are induced by gut microbiota through differentially regulating costimulatory molecules of enteric glial cells. [Abstract]2026 May 1;330(5):G532-G548. PMID: 41711540 -
Pharmacol Res Perspect
Applicability of free drug hypothesis to drugs with good membrane permeability that are not efflux transporter substrates: A microdialysis study in rats. [Abstract]2020 Apr;8(2):e00575. PMID: 32266794 -
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bioRxiv
Reprogramming the Immune Suppressive Tumor Microenvironment in Glioma Enhances the Efficacy of Immune-Mediated Gene Therapy. [Abstract]2025 Nov 13:2025.11.11.687828. PMID: 41293016 -
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Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 50 mg/mL (180.37 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 5 mg/mL (18.04 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 25 mg/mL (90.18 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (281 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Faulds D, et al. Ganciclovir. A review of its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy in cytomegalovirus infections. Drugs. 1990;39(4):597-638. [Content Brief]
[2]. Maggs DJ, et al. In vitro efficacy of ganciclovir, cidofovir, penciclovir, foscarnet, idoxuridine, and acyclovir against feline herpesvirus type-1. Am J Vet Res. 2004 Apr;65(4):399-403. [Content Brief]
[3]. Boujemla I, et al. Pharmacokinetics and tissue diffusion of ganciclovir in mice and rats. Antiviral Res. 2016;132:111-115. [Content Brief]
[4]. Fletcher CV, et al. Evaluation of ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus disease. DICP. 1989 Jan;23(1):5-12. [Content Brief]
[5]. Matthews T, et al. Antiviral activity and mechanism of action of ganciclovir. Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Jul-Aug;10 Suppl 3:S490-4. [Content Brief]
[6]. Duan J, Paris W, Kibler P, Bousquet C, Liuzzi M, Cordingley MG. Dose and duration-dependence of ganciclovir treatment against murine cytomegalovirus infection in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Antiviral Res. 1998;39(3):189-197. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 3.6074 mL | 18.0369 mL | 36.0737 mL | 90.1843 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7215 mL | 3.6074 mL | 7.2147 mL | 18.0369 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3607 mL | 1.8037 mL | 3.6074 mL | 9.0184 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2405 mL | 1.2025 mL | 2.4049 mL | 6.0123 mL | |
| H2O | 20 mM | 0.1804 mL | 0.9018 mL | 1.8037 mL | 4.5092 mL |
| 25 mM | 0.1443 mL | 0.7215 mL | 1.4429 mL | 3.6074 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1202 mL | 0.6012 mL | 1.2025 mL | 3.0061 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0902 mL | 0.4509 mL | 0.9018 mL | 2.2546 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0721 mL | 0.3607 mL | 0.7215 mL | 1.8037 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0601 mL | 0.3006 mL | 0.6012 mL | 1.5031 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0451 mL | 0.2255 mL | 0.4509 mL | 1.1273 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0361 mL | 0.1804 mL | 0.3607 mL | 0.9018 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.