IBR2
Based on 7 publication(s) in Google Scholar
IBR2 is a potent and specific RAD51 inhibitor and inhibits RAD51-mediated DNA double-strand break repair. IBR2 disrupts RAD51 multimerization, accelerates proteasome-mediated RAD51 protein degradation, inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis.
Para uso exclusivo en investigación. No vendemos a pacientes.
- Pureza : 98.24%
- No. CAS: 313526-24-8
- Fòrmula: C24H20N2O2S
- Peso molecular:400.49
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Almacenamiento:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Actividad biológica
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Chemical Information
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Solvente y solubilidad
- Protocolo
- Pureza y Documentación
- Referencias
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) IBR2
More- Sci Bull. 2025 Aug 25:S2095-9273(25)00865-5. [Abstract]
- Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2025 Jul 3;23(1):93. [Abstract]
- J Virol. 2023 Dec 21;97(12):e0173723. [Abstract]
- Theriogenology. 2026 Jun 24:265:118052. [Abstract]
- Biomed Rep. 2023 Feb 24;18(4):28. [Abstract]
- Patent. US20250049807A1.
- CUNY Hunter College. 2020 Sep.
Actividad biológica
Descripciòn
IC50 & Target
RAD51[1]
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDA-MB-468 | IC50 |
14.8 μM
Compound: IBR2 (rac)
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Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-468 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 4 days by XTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-468 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 4 days by XTT assay
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[PMID: 25874343] |
In Vitro
IBR2 shows interesting RAD51 inhibition activities. RAD51 is rapidly degraded in IBR2-treated cancer cells, and the homologous recombination repair is impaired, subsequently leading to cell death. The IC50 values of the original IBR2 are in the range of 12-20 μM for most tested cancer cell lines. IBR2 can inhibit the growth of triple-negative human breast cancer cell line MBA-MD-468 with an IC50 of 14.8 μM[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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No. CAS 313526-24-8
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Appearance Solid
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Peso molecular 400.49
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Fòrmula C24H20N2O2S
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Color Off-white to pink
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SMILES
O=S(N1C(C2=CNC3=C2C=CC=C3)C4=C(C=CC=C4)C=C1)(CC5=CC=CC=C5)=O
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Envío
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Almacenamiento
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (7)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Sci Bull
Insufficient telomeric DNA damage response promotes chromosomal instability in aged oocytes. [Abstract]2025 Aug 25:S2095-9273(25)00865-5. PMID: 40930920 -
Reprod Biol Endocrinol
Rapamycin reduces DNA damage of in vitro matured oocytes by promoting Rad51-mediated homologous recombination. [Abstract]2025 Jul 3;23(1):93. PMID: 40611176 -
J Virol
SARS-CoV-2 exploits cellular RAD51 to promote viral propagation: implication of RAD51 inhibitor as a potential drug candidate against COVID-19. [Abstract]2023 Dec 21;97(12):e0173723. PMID: 38051260 -
Theriogenology
Farrerol improves the maturation quality of porcine oocytes derived from small follicles associated with RAD51-related DNA repair responses. [Abstract]2026 Jun 24:265:118052. PMID: 42379065 -
Biomed Rep
DNA‑PKcs phosphorylation specific inhibitor, NU7441, enhances the radiosensitivity of clinically relevant radioresistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. [Abstract]2023 Feb 24;18(4):28. PMID: 36926187 -
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Solvente y solubilidad
In Vitro:
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (249.69 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.24 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocolo
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Protocol for Cell Counting and Cell Density Analysis
Cell counting and cell-density analysis estimate the number of cells in a known volume or field area. Manual hemocytometer counting uses a chamber of defined geometry to convert counted cells into cells/mL, while automated counters and image-analysis workflows detect cell objects from optical, brightfield, fluorescence, impedance, or digital-image features. Trypan blue viability counting is based on dye exclusion: viable cells with intact membranes exclude dye, while non-viable cells with compromised membranes stain blue. The readout is total cell density, viable-cell density, dead-cell density, and percent viability. Cell density can also be estimated from microscopy images by counting objects per image area, from flow cytometry using calibrated volume or reference particles, or from in situ microscopy in bioreactors after calibration against reference methods such as hemocytometer or flow cytometry.
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Somatic Cell Culture
A method of simulating the in vivo environment in vitro to maintain the cell growth, differentation and main functions.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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CCK-8/WST-8 Cell Proliferation Assay
The CCK-8/WST-8 assay is based on the reduction of the water-soluble tetrazolium salt WST-8 to a water-soluble formazan product by cellular dehydrogenases in metabolically active cells, where the generated formazan amount is proportional to the number of living cells and is quantified by measuring absorbance in the visible range, providing a colorimetric readout for cell viability and proliferation assessment. This class of tetrazolium-based assays improves upon earlier MTT-based systems by producing a water-soluble formazan, eliminating the need for organic solubilization steps and enabling direct spectrophotometric measurement in culture medium.
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Cell Counting-Based Growth Curve Assay
Cell counting-based growth curve assays quantify cell proliferation by directly measuring changes in viable cell number over time using manual or automated counting methods such as hemocytometer-based counting or instrument-assisted cell enumeration, enabling construction of growth curves that reflect population expansion dynamics in response to culture conditions. A widely used approach is trypan blue exclusion with hemocytometer counting, where membrane-compromised (non-viable) cells take up the dye, allowing discrimination between viable and non-viable cells while simultaneously enabling total cell number quantification. Repeated sampling across time points allows estimation of proliferation rate, growth phases, and comparative growth kinetics between experimental conditions.
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MTT Cell Proliferation Assay
The MTT assay is a colorimetric endpoint assay for estimating viable cell number, cell growth, cytotoxicity, or cell activation in cultured mammalian cells. Living cells reduce the yellow tetrazolium salt MTT into purple/blue formazan, while dead cells do not generate the same signal; the resulting color can be quantified with a multiwell spectrophotometer. MTT reduction is commonly interpreted as a readout of metabolic activity that often correlates with viable cell number, but it should not be treated as a direct cell-counting method unless the assay is optimized for the cell type and experimental condition. Studies show that MTT reduction can involve mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial reducing systems, and formazan may accumulate in intracellular lipid droplets rather than simply marking mitochondria.
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Pureza y Documentación
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Ficha de datos (281 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Instrucciones de manejo (2659 KB)
Referencias
[1]. Jiewen Zhu, et al. A novel small molecule RAD51 inactivator overcomes imatinib-resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia. EMBO Mol Med. 2013 Mar;5(3):353-65. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zhu J, et al. Synthesis, molecular modeling, and biological evaluation of novel RAD51 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem. 2015;96:196-208. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.4969 mL | 12.4847 mL | 24.9694 mL | 62.4235 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4994 mL | 2.4969 mL | 4.9939 mL | 12.4847 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2497 mL | 1.2485 mL | 2.4969 mL | 6.2424 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1665 mL | 0.8323 mL | 1.6646 mL | 4.1616 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1248 mL | 0.6242 mL | 1.2485 mL | 3.1212 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0999 mL | 0.4994 mL | 0.9988 mL | 2.4969 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0832 mL | 0.4162 mL | 0.8323 mL | 2.0808 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0624 mL | 0.3121 mL | 0.6242 mL | 1.5606 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0499 mL | 0.2497 mL | 0.4994 mL | 1.2485 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0416 mL | 0.2081 mL | 0.4162 mL | 1.0404 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0312 mL | 0.1561 mL | 0.3121 mL | 0.7803 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0250 mL | 0.1248 mL | 0.2497 mL | 0.6242 mL |
IBR2 Related Classifications
HY-103710 Related Classifications
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