Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid
Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA) is one of the main components (accounting for approximately 12%) of natural moisturizing factors (NMF) in the mammalian epidermal stratum corneum, and it is produced by the degradation of filaggrin. It exhibits multiple biological activities such as skin moisturization, central GABA release, anxiolysis, and auxiliary ethanol metabolism. The content of Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid correlates with the clinical severity of atopic dermatitis lesions, skin barrier function, and inflammation levels, and shows a negative correlation with the expression of TNF-α and IL-13. Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid can serve as a key skin biomarker for skin barrier function and health.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 115621-24-4
- Formula: C5H7NO3
- Molecular Weight:129.11
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid in the epidermis is mainly generated via non-enzymatic cyclization of glutamine released from the degradation of structural proteins in the stratum corneum, rather than via direct enzymatic synthesis in the viable epidermal layers[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid displays anti-anxiety effects in rats tested in a simple approach-avoidance conflict situation[1].
Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid forms slowly from intradermally injected [3H]glutamine in male guinea pig epidermis, reaching ~40-45% of total epidermal radioactivity by day 9, with synthesis linked to protein degradation and nonenzymic cyclization of released glutamine as the predominant pathway[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 115621-24-4
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Molecular Weight 129.11
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Formula C5H7NO3
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SMILES
O=C(N1C(CCC1)=O)O
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Synonyms
PCA
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Pellegrini-Giampietro DE, Moroni F, Pistelli A, et al.. Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid in acute and chronic alcoholism. Preclinical and clinical studies. Recenti progressi in medicina. 1989 Mar;80(3):160-4. [Content Brief]
[2]. Jung M, Choi J, Lee SA, et al.. Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid levels or caspase-14 expression in the corneocytes of lesional skin correlates with clinical severity, skin barrier function and lesional inflammation in atopic dermatitis. Journal of dermatological science. 2014 Dec;76(3):231-9. [Content Brief]
[3]. Barrett JG, Scott IR. Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid synthesis in guinea pig epidermis. The Journal of investigative dermatology. 1983 Aug;81(2):122-4. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid Related Classifications
HY-154792 Related Classifications
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