RANTES/CCL5 Protein, Rat (P.pastoris, His)

RANTES/CCL5 Protein, Rat (P.pastoris, His) is a key pro-inflammatory chemokine in the CC chemokine family that interacts with CCR1, CCR3, CCR4, and CCR5 to mediate inflammatory immune responses, viral infections, and tumorigenesis. RANTES/CCL5 Protein, Rat (P.pastoris, His) is a recombinant rat RANTES/CCL5 (S25-S92) protein expressed by  P.pastoris with a His tag at the C-terminu^[1].

CCL5, also known as RANTES (Regulation of Activation, Expression and Secretion by Normal T Cells), belongs to the CC subfamily of chemokines. The CCL5 gene is located in the q11.2-q12 region of human chromosome 17 and encodes CCL5 a protein with a molecular weight of 8 kDa. CCL5 can be expressed by T cells, monocytes, NK cells, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and CCL5 can bind to receptors CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5, with the highest affinity for CCR5^[1]. CCL5 binding to CCR5 leads to phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ( PI3K ), and the phosphorylated PI3K further acidifies protein kinase B on serine 473, and the Akt/PKB complex phosphorylates and inactivates the serine/threonine protein kinase GSK-3. In parallel, CCL5 binding to CCR5 induces Bcl2 protein expression, which promotes cell apoptosis. CCL5 can also act as a potential agonist for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75, which, together with GPR75, may play a role in neuronal survival by activating downstream signaling pathways involving PI3, Akt, and MAP kinases, and in insulin secretion by pancreatic islet cells by activating GPR75^[2]. In addition to acting as a chemotactic agent, CCL5 is also a major HIV suppressor produced by CD⁸⁺ T cells. It is involved in inflammation maintenance, transplantation, antiviral immunity, tumor development, and many human diseases and disorders such as viral hepatitis or COVID-19^[3].

Rat

P. pastoris

C-His

P50231 (S25-S92)

81780  [NCBI]

Approximately 9.2 kDa

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Solution

Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

N/A.

Stored at -80°C for 1 year. It is stable at -20°C for 3 months after opening. It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -80°C for extended storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shipping with dry ice.

• [1]. V Appay, et al. RANTES: a versatile and controversial chemokine. Trends Immunol. 2001 Feb;22(2):83-7.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Zhen Zeng, et al. CCL5/CCR5 axis in human diseases and related treatments. Genes Dis. 2022 Jan;9(1):12-27.

  [3]. F Cocchi, et al. Identification of RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta as the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T cells. Science. 1995 Dec 15;270(5243):1811-5.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Nahzli Dilek, et al. Control of transplant tolerance and intragraft regulatory T cell localization by myeloid-derived suppressor cells and CCL5. J Immunol. 2012 May 1;188(9):4209-16.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Khalid Benamar, et al. Elevated level of the proinflammatory chemokine, RANTES/CCL5, in the periaqueductal grey causes hyperalgesia in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 11;592(1-3):93-5.  [Content Brief]