metabolic dysregulation

Carbohydrate metabolism serves as a central hub for energy supply and biosynthesis in living organisms and plays a critical role in the onset and progression of various diseases. In recent years, studies have shown that tumor cells reprogram their energy metabolism through aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) to support rapid proliferation. Immune cells also rely on specific carbohydrate metabolic pathways to regulate their activation and differentiation states, while disorders such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome arise directly from dysregulation of carbohydrate metabolism. In addition, enzymes and key metabolic nodes involved in carbohydrate metabolism have become important targets for drug discovery, and therapeutic strategies targeting glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and energy metabolism are continuously advancing the treatment of cancer and metabolic diseases. Therefore, systematic analysis of carbohydrate metabolic networks and their associated metabolites is of great significance for elucidating disease mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic approaches.

The MCE Carbohydrate Metabolism Metabolite Library is constructed based on classical carbohydrate metabolic pathways and contains 76 metabolites. It systematically integrates key metabolic networks, including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, monosaccharide metabolism, and sugar acid interconversions. The library comprehensively covers core metabolic nodes from glucose uptake and utilization to energy production and biosynthesis, while also incorporating important upstream and downstream intermediates. It enables accurate representation of intracellular metabolic flux dynamics and is well suited for applications such as metabolic flux analysis, target validation, and mechanistic studies. Furthermore, it provides robust support for multi-omics integration and the development of precision intervention strategies.

Amino acids are the fundamental components that sustain life activities, playing roles in ATP generation, promoting nucleotide synthesis, and maintaining cellular redox balance. Moreover, dysregulation of amino acid consumption is a significant potential regulatory mechanism leading to impaired anti-tumor immunity in immune cells. The normal functioning of immune cells relies on amino acid metabolic pathways to obtain energy and materials, and upon activation, they reprogram their metabolism to support growth, proliferation, and effector functions. Additionally, metabolic disorders of specific amino acids (such as branched-chain amino acids, glutamine, and arginine) can exacerbate mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, thereby promoting myocardial fibrosis and cardiac cell damage. Therefore, conducting research related to amino acid metabolism holds promise for discovering potential drugs for diseases related to cancer, immunity, and metabolism.

MCE can provide 195 kinds of metabolites of amino acid metabolic pathways, which can be used for drug screening in various diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, metabolic diseases, mitochondrial-targeted diseases

Cholesterol is a crucial lipid that maintains cell membrane structure, serves as a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones and bile acids, and plays an important role in cell signal transduction and membrane function regulation. Intracellular cholesterol levels are precisely controlled by multiple processes, including synthesis, uptake, transport, esterification, storage, and efflux. Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism is closely associated with diseases such as atherosclerosis, fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, and various cancers.

The Cholesterol Metabolism Compound Library contains 558 compounds and focuses on cholesterol metabolism and homeostatic regulation. It provides an efficient tool for mechanistic studies of cholesterol metabolism and for drug discovery in metabolism‑related diseases.

Glucose homeostasis is tightly regulated to meet the energy requirements of the vital organs and maintain an individual’s health. Glucose metabolism includes glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation and other metabolic pathways. Glucose is the major carbon source that provides the main energy for life. Glucose metabolism dysregulation is also implicated in many diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases and even cancer.

MCE offers a unique collection of 1,777 compounds related to glucose metabolism, which target glucose metabolism related targets, such as GLUT, Hexokinase, Pyruvate Kinase, IDH, etc. MCE glucose metabolism library is a powerful tool for studying glucose metabolism and drug discovery of diseases related to glucose metabolism.

Lipids are a fundamental class of organic molecules implicated in a wide range of biological processes, and based on this can be broadly classified into five categories: fatty acids, triacylglycerols (TAGs), phospholipids, sterol lipids and sphingolipids. Lipids play a crucial role in different metabolic pathways and cellular functions. Lipid metabolism is an important physiological process that is related to nutrient adjustment, hormone regulation, and homeostasis. Lipid metabolism dysregulation is associated with many diseases such as obesity, liver disease, aging and inflammation.

MCE offers a unique collection of 1,026 compounds related to lipid metabolism, which target relevant targets in the process of lipid metabolism, such as ATGL, MAGL, FAAH, acetyl-Coa Carboxylase, FASN, etc. MCE lipid metabolism compound library is a useful tool for research lipid metabolism and drug discovery of diseases related to lipid metabolism.

Energy metabolism is the most fundamental biochemical process in living organisms, encompassing glycolysis, the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, the pentose phosphate pathway, and fatty acid oxidation. These core pathways directly regulate cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of energy metabolism is closely linked to major diseases including cancer, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and ischemia‑reperfusion injury. Targeting these metabolic pathways has become a frontier in drug discovery and mechanistic research.

The MCE Energy Metabolite Compound Library features 89 structurally defined small‑molecule compounds. It covers energy substrates, pathway intermediates, coenzymes and redox carriers, nucleotide derivatives, and microenvironmental modulators. This library is applicable to research areas including tumor metabolism, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, and cardiometabolic diseases, providing a high‑quality tool for mechanistic studies, biomarker discovery, and high‑throughput drug screening.

Research has shown that drugs targeting aging pathways demonstrate promising potential in models of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, osteoarthritis, and various malignancies. This suggests that intervening in the biological processes of aging may enable synergistic prevention and treatment of multiple chronic diseases. Against the backdrop of the gradual elucidation of core aging mechanisms-including cellular senescence, telomere attrition, epigenetic dysregulation, and chronic inflammation anti-aging research has shifted from traditional phenotypic interventions toward targeting key pathways that regulate biological age.

The MCE Anti-Aging Compound Library Mini is precisely built upon this cutting-edge concept. It focuses on aging-related targets validated through genetic or functional studies, comprising 381 compounds designed to provide systematic research tools for aging biology and intervention strategy development. The library covers core mechanisms such as mTOR, SIRT, energy metabolism, clearance of senescent cells, optimization of mitochondrial function, and telomere maintenance. For each target, 1-5 compounds with clear activity and strong representativeness have been carefully selected, spanning the entire translational spectrum from preclinical tool molecules to clinically investigational drugs.

Lipids are important energy storage substances in the human body. They are involved in the regulation of cell structure and function, as well as signaling pathways and gene expression. Abnormal lipid levels in tissues or their dysregulation can lead to various diseases. These include obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and cancer. Therefore, maintaining normal levels of lipid metabolism is critical to overall health.

One of the key features of cancer is aberrant lipid metabolism. This includes alterations in lipid uptake, lipid desaturation, neolipogenesis, lipid droplets, and fatty acid oxidation in cancer cells. These changes all contribute to cellular survival in an ever-changing microenvironment. They do this by modulating feed-forward oncogenic signals and key oncogenic functions. Additionally, they affect oxidative stress, other types of stress, immune responses, and intercellular communication. Alterations in lipid metabolism have a strong impact on the properties of cancer stem cells. This includes aspects such as self-renewal, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, drug sensitivity, and resistance. Furthermore, these alterations also modulate T cell responses.

MCE can offer 146 metabolites of lipid metabolism pathways, which can be used for drug screening in cancer, immune-based diseases, metabolic diseases, and other diseases.