2. Apoptosis Anti-infection Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Dengue virus Apoptosis Bacterial Fungal Endogenous Metabolite Antibiotic Flavivirus
  4. Mycophenolic acid

Mycophenolic acid  (Synonyms: Mycophenolate)

Cat. No.: HY-B0421 Purity: 99.63%
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Mycophenolic acid is a potent uncompetitive inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor with an EC50 of 0.24 µM. Mycophenolic acid demonstrates antiviral effects against a wide range of RNA viruses including influenza. Mycophenolic acid is an immunosuppressive agent. Antiangiogenic and antitumor effects.

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Mycophenolic acid Chemical Structure

Mycophenolic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 24280-93-1

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 7 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Mycophenolic acid:

Mycophenolic acid Related Antibodies

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Description

Mycophenolic acid is a potent uncompetitive inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor with an EC50 of 0.24 µM. Mycophenolic acid demonstrates antiviral effects against a wide range of RNA viruses including influenza. Mycophenolic acid is an immunosuppressive agent. Antiangiogenic and antitumor effects[1][2].

IC50 & Target

Microbial Metabolite

 

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Mycophenolic acid demonstrates antiviral effects against a wide range of RNA viruses including influenza, dengue virus, Zika virus, rotavirus, CCHFV, and hantavirus[1].
IMPDH is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanosine nucleotides[2].
Mycophenolic acid (0.01-1 μM; 72 hours) exhibits preferential antiproliferative activity against the endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Endothelial cells are most sensitive cells to Mycophenolic acid treatment with an IC50 <500 nM for antimitotic effects[2].
Fibroblasts are also prone to Mycophenolic acid-induced cell cycle inhibition but exhibit a higher IC50 (<1 μM) compared with endothelial cells. The two human tumor cell lines A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells and PC3 prostate cancer cells show intermediate sensitivity with an IC50 >1 μM. U87 glioblastoma cells are resistant against MPA treatment up to 1 μM[2].
Mycophenolic acid (0.05-2 μM; 18 hours) exhibits a dose-dependent down-regulation of HDAC2 and MYC, whereas up-regulates NDRG1[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Mycophenolic acid Related Antibodies

Cell Proliferation Assay[2]

Cell Line: Primary isolated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMVEC) , fibroblasts, U87 glioblastoma cells, PC3 prostate cancer cells, A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells
Concentration: 0.01, 0.1, 1 μM
Incubation Time: 72 hours
Result: Exhibited preferential antiproliferative activity against HDMVEC and fibroblasts. Whereas U87 glioblastoma cells were resistant to treatment, A549 non-small cell lung cancer and PC3 prostate cancer cells showed intermediate sensitivity. 

Western Blot Analysis[2]

Cell Line: HDMVEC
Concentration: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 μM
Incubation Time: 18 hours
Result: Showed a dose-dependent regulation of HDAC2, MYC, and NDRG1. 
In Vivo

Mycophenolic acid exerts its antitumor effects via modulation of the tumor microenvironment, U87 tumor growth is markedly inhibited in vivo in BALB/c nude mice[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Athymic 8-week-old, 20 g BALB/c nu/nu mice bearing Mycophenolic acid-resistant human U87 tumor model[2]
Dosage: 120 mg/kg MMF (the morpholinoethyl ester prodrug of Mycophenolic acid)
Administration: Oral gavage; b.i.d.
Result: MMF (the morpholinoethyl ester prodrug of Mycophenolic acid) significantly inhibited tumor growth (∼70% after day 14 after tumor implantation) in MMF-treated versus control mice.
Microvessel density (CD31 staining) and pericyte coverage determined by α-smooth muscle actin staining were markedly reduced in MMF-treated versus control tumors (44% and 78%, respectively).
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

320.34

Formula

C17H20O6
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(O)CC/C(C)=C/CC1=C(O)C2=C(COC2=O)C(C)=C1OC
Structure Classification
Initial Source

several species of Penicillium
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (312.17 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.1217 mL 15.6084 mL 31.2168 mL
5 mM 0.6243 mL 3.1217 mL 6.2434 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.80 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.80 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  Corn Oil

    Solubility: 33.33 mg/mL (104.05 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.63%

COA (247 KB) HNMR (179 KB) LCMS (137 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.1217 mL 15.6084 mL 31.2168 mL 78.0421 mL
5 mM 0.6243 mL 3.1217 mL 6.2434 mL 15.6084 mL
10 mM 0.3122 mL 1.5608 mL 3.1217 mL 7.8042 mL
15 mM 0.2081 mL 1.0406 mL 2.0811 mL 5.2028 mL
20 mM 0.1561 mL 0.7804 mL 1.5608 mL 3.9021 mL
25 mM 0.1249 mL 0.6243 mL 1.2487 mL 3.1217 mL
30 mM 0.1041 mL 0.5203 mL 1.0406 mL 2.6014 mL
40 mM 0.0780 mL 0.3902 mL 0.7804 mL 1.9511 mL
50 mM 0.0624 mL 0.3122 mL 0.6243 mL 1.5608 mL
60 mM 0.0520 mL 0.2601 mL 0.5203 mL 1.3007 mL
80 mM 0.0390 mL 0.1951 mL 0.3902 mL 0.9755 mL
100 mM 0.0312 mL 0.1561 mL 0.3122 mL 0.7804 mL
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Mycophenolic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Mycophenolic acid24280-93-1MycophenolateDengue virusApoptosisBacterialFungalEndogenous MetaboliteAntibioticFlavivirusDENVinosinemonophosphatedehydrogenaseIMPDHantiviralRNAvirusesinfluenzaimmunosuppressiveAntiangiogenicantitumorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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