Cat. No.: HY-N0250

Saikosaponin D

12 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Saikosaponin D is a triterpene saponin isolated from Bupleurum, with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and anti-allergic activities; Saikosaponin D inhibits selectin, STAT3 and NF-kB and activates estrogen receptor-β.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.81%
CAS No.: 20874-52-6
Formula: C₄₂H₆₈O₁₃
Molecular Weight:780.98

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Saikosaponin D Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 20874-52-6

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (12)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[2]^[3]

STAT3

NF-κB

ERβ

All STAT Isoforms :

All NF-κB Isoforms :

All Estrogen Receptor/ERR Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	30.82 μM Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 26259802]
Bcap37	IC₅₀	10.67 μM Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human Bcap37 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Bcap37 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 26259802]
HeLa	IC₅₀	10 μM Compound: 26	Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells	[PMID: 32030976]
Hep 3B2	IC₅₀	9.61 μM Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 26259802]
HepG2	IC₅₀	4.88 μM Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 26259802]
MCF7	IC₅₀	7.68 μM Compound: 9	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as induction of cell death incubated for 2 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 26259802]

In Vitro

Saikosaponin D (Compound 3) is a triterpene saponin, which inhibits E-selectin, L-selectin and P-selectin binding to THP-1 cells, with IC₅₀s of 1.8 μM, 3.0 μM and 4.3 μM, and such effects are not due to cytotoxic action. Saikosaponin D (1, 5, 10 μM) dose-dependently inhibits the THP-1 adhesion to the HUVECs monolayer activated by TNF-α. Saikosaponin D (30 μM) also inhibits the expression of P-selectin ligand (CD162) in THP-1 cells^[1]. Saikosaponin D (5 μM) suppresses the proliferation of HSC-T6 cells induced by H₂O₂ treatment, reduces the expression levels of α-SMA, TGF-β1, Hyp, COL1 and TIMP-1, and increases MMP-1 expressioon, thus inhibiting H₂O₂-induced excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) formation, with similar effects to estradiol (E2), and these effects are blocked by ER antagonists. Saikosaponin D also inhibits oxidative stress-induced ROS generation and down reduates MAPK signaling pathway, and the inhibition is also suppressed by ER antagonists^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Saikosaponin D (2 mg/kg/day, i.p.) shows a protective effect on overdose of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury of mice. Saikosaponin D affects APAP metabolism, increases GSH levels but does not alter PPARα activation. Saikosaponin D (2 mg/kg/day, i.p.) also suppresses APAP-induced increases in the expression of STAT3 target genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibits APAP-induced activation of STAT3 and NF-kB^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 20874-52-6
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 780.98
Formula C₄₂H₆₈O₁₃
Color White to off-white
SMILES

CC1(C)CC[C@]2(CO3)[C@H](O)C[C@@]4(C)[C@]([C@]5([H])C=C[C@]43[C@]2([H])C1)(C)CC[C@@]([C@]5(C)CC6)([H])[C@@](CO)(C)[C@H]6O[C@@](O[C@H](C)[C@@H]7O)([H])[C@H](O)[C@H]7O[C@@]8([H])[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O8
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Triterpenes
Initial Source
- Plants
- Umbelliferae
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (12)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayCell Imaging/StainingRT-PCRWBHistological Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Adv Sci (Weinh)

Ultrasound-Responsive Piezoelectric Membrane Promotes Osteoporotic Bone Regeneration via the "Two-Way Regulation" Bone Homeostasis Strategy. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 28:e2504293. PMID: 40289898
Chem Eng J

2024 Jul 15, 492, 152263.
Phytomedicine

6''-O-acetylsaikosaponin D targets STAT3-mediated transcriptional remodeling to induce ferroptosis and apoptosis. [Abstract]

2026 May 15:157:158301. PMID: 42166974
Drug Des Devel Ther

Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Bone Loss by Saikosaponin D is Associated with Regulation of the RANKL/RANK Pathway. [Abstract]

2021 Nov 23;15:4741-4757. PMID: 34848946

Saikosaponin D purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021 Nov 23;15:4741-4757. [Abstract]

Cell viability of BMMs (bone marrow-derived macrophages) was evaluated by CCK-8 at 48, 96 h treated with Saikosaponin D (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 μM).

Saikosaponin D purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021 Nov 23;15:4741-4757. [Abstract]

The role of Saikosaponin D (SSD) (0.5, 1 μM) in osteoclast formation in a dose-dependent manner. BMMs stimulated by RANKL (50 ng/mL) were treated with or without various concentrations of SSD for 7 days. After fixing, the cells subjected to TRAP staining.

Saikosaponin D purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021 Nov 23;15:4741-4757. [Abstract]

mRNA expression profile of OMG (osteoclast marker genes) (time-dependent). RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative PCR) was performed on total RNA extracted from cells stimulated by RANKL (50 ng/mL) and treated with 2 μM Saikosaponin D (SSD) for the indicated time points during the 5 day osteoclast culture.

Saikosaponin D purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021 Nov 23;15:4741-4757. [Abstract]

BMMs were treated without or with various concentrations of SSD (0.5, 1 and 2 μmol/L) for 1 h and then were treated with RANKL (50 ng/mL) for 15 min. Total proteins extracted from BMMs were probed for protein levels using immunoblot analyses.

Saikosaponin D purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021 Nov 23;15:4741-4757. [Abstract]

H&E staining and TRAP staining of calvaria from the high-dose Saikosaponin D (SSD) (4 mg/kg) group, low-dose SSD (2 mg/kg) group, LPS group, and sham group.
J Inflamm Res

Potential Targets and Mechanisms of Saikosaponin D in Psoriasis: A Bioinformatic and Experimental Study on Oxidative Stress. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 26:18:16487-16507. PMID: 41333037
J Inflamm Res

Saikosaponin-d Attenuates Irinotecan-Induced Intestinal Toxicity via TAK1/NF-κB Pathway and Enhances Antitumor Efficacy. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 18:18:7973-7988. PMID: 40546408
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol

Saikosaponin D suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 May;398(5):6059-6070. PMID: 39638887
Cancer Manag Res

2026 Jan 21;18:1-13.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Engineered MAP30ER: A plant toxin-derived platform for EGFR-Targeted delivery of protein and chemotherapeutic payloads. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 10:776:152184. PMID: 40517671
Inhal Toxicol

Saikosaponin D ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by maintaining alveolar epithelial barrier integrity and inhibiting ferroptosis via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 26:1-13. PMID: 40569790
Biochem Genet

Saikosaponin D Attenuates Postherpetic Neuralgia and Reduces Inflammation by Regulating Gut Microbiota in a Rodent Model. [Abstract]

2026 May 8. PMID: 42101756
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

Saikosaponin D Inhibits the Proliferation and Promotes the Apoptosis of Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells by Inducing Autophagosome Formation. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 18:2021:5451758. PMID: 34457023

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (64.02 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.2804 mL

6.4022 mL

12.8044 mL

5 mM

0.2561 mL

1.2804 mL

2.5609 mL

10 mM

0.1280 mL

0.6402 mL

1.2804 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.20 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.20 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Cell Assay^[1]

Cell viability is assessed by morphology and by reduction of the tetrazolium salt (MTT). Briefly, the THP-1 cells (2 × 10⁵ cells/well) and various concentrations of compounds 1-4 (including Saikosaponin D) are added to the 96-well plates, incubated for 48 h at 37°C, and 5 µL of MTT solution (5 mg/mL in PBS) is added to each well of the 96-well plates. After incubation for 4 h at 37°C, the absorbance is measured at 540 nm using a microplate reader with the reference absorbance at 650 nm^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[2]

Mice^[2]
Male 6- to 7-week-old C57BL6 mice are randomly divided into four groups, vehicle/control, Saikosaponin D (SSd)/control, vehicle/APAP, and SSd/APAP, and killed 4 h or 24 h after single APAP injection. For overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) injection, a typical single dose of 200 mg/kg/day is used. Saikosaponin D, 2 mg/kg once daily is used as the dosing regimen. Saikosaponin D powder is dissolved in a saline solution supplemented with 0.1% Tween 20 and is administered by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day once daily for five days. Saline solution containing 0.1% Tween 20 without Saikosaponin D is administered as a vehicle. APAP is dissolved in warm saline solution (20 mg/mL) and is injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes after the last Saikosaponin D injection. Saline is injected to mice in the control groups^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (283 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Jang MJ, et al. Saikosaponin D isolated from Bupleurum falcatum inhibits selectin-mediated cell adhesion. Molecules. 2014 Dec 4;19(12):20340-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. Liu A, et al. Saikosaponin d protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting NF-κB and STAT3 signaling. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 Nov 5;223:80-6. [Content Brief]

[3]. Que R, et al. Estrogen receptor-β-dependent effects of saikosaponin‑d on the suppression of oxidative stress-induced rat hepatic stellate cell activation. Int J Mol Med. 2018 Mar;41(3):1357-1364. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	1.2804 mL	6.4022 mL	12.8044 mL	32.0111 mL
	5 mM	0.2561 mL	1.2804 mL	2.5609 mL	6.4022 mL
	10 mM	0.1280 mL	0.6402 mL	1.2804 mL	3.2011 mL
	15 mM	0.0854 mL	0.4268 mL	0.8536 mL	2.1341 mL
	20 mM	0.0640 mL	0.3201 mL	0.6402 mL	1.6006 mL
	25 mM	0.0512 mL	0.2561 mL	0.5122 mL	1.2804 mL
	30 mM	0.0427 mL	0.2134 mL	0.4268 mL	1.0670 mL
	40 mM	0.0320 mL	0.1601 mL	0.3201 mL	0.8003 mL
	50 mM	0.0256 mL	0.1280 mL	0.2561 mL	0.6402 mL
	60 mM	0.0213 mL	0.1067 mL	0.2134 mL	0.5335 mL

Keywords

Saikosaponin D

12 Cited Publications

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Saikosaponin D

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Saikosaponin D

All STAT Isoforms

All NF-κB Isoforms

All Estrogen Receptor/ERR Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (12)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Saikosaponin D Related Classifications

HY-N0250 Related Classifications