1. Signaling Pathways
  2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. SOD

SOD

Superoxide Dismutase

SOD (Superoxide dismutase), an antioxidant enzyme, are a group of metalloenzymes that defenses against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated injury. SOD can catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2˙-) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2). The chemical moiety of SOD contains some metal ions such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, and Fe2+ in the active site, which mediates the dismutation process. On the basis of these metallic cofactors, SOD can be classified into three distinct types, SOD1 (Cu/Zn-SOD), SOD2 (Mn-SOD), and SOD3 (Fe-SOD)[1][2].

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-175833
    NF-κB-IN-20
    Agonist
    NF-κB-IN-20 is an orally active NF-κB inhibitor. NF-κB-IN-20 directly binds to the Keap1 protein, activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway, and simultaneously inhibiting the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, thereby synergistically reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. NF-κB-IN-20 M11 inhibits the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, significantly reduces the level of ROS, and restores the mitochondrial membrane potential. NF-κB-IN-20 can be used for the study of acute lung injury (ALI).
    NF-κB-IN-20
  • HY-181474
    CF-Vanillin
    Modulator
    CF-Vanillin is an orally active hypolipidemic/hepatic protector with strong binding affinity for PPAR-α. CF-Vanillin exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. CF-Vanillin reduces triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and alleviates liver injury. CF-Vanillin can be used in the research of diseases such as hyperlipidemia and liver injury.
    CF-Vanillin
  • HY-N18905
    α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin
    Activator
    α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin is an orally effective structural modification derivative of Hesperidin (HY-15337) with anti-apoptotic (apoptosis) and antioxidant activities. α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin upregulates the expression of the Bcl-2 gene, while downregulating the expressions of the Bax and caspase-3 genes. α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin increases total antioxidant capacity, SOD and catalase levels, and decreases malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin improves sperm motility, viability and plasma membrane function, while restoring reproductive organ weight and seminiferous tubule structure. α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin increases fertility index and exerts a synergistic protective effect with Proanthocyanidins (HY-N0794) in male rats with testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin can be used in the research of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.
    α-D-Glucosyl hesperidin
  • HY-161612
    Mycosporine 2 glycine
    Inhibitor
    Mycosporine 2 glycine is an anti-inflammatory agent and TYRP1 inhibitor. Mycosporine 2 glycine inhibits the expression of inflammatory genes and reduces nitric oxide production. Mycosporine 2 glycine binds tightly to the active pocket of TYRP1 and inhibits the activity of melanogenesis-related enzymes. Mycosporine 2 glycine can be used in the research of hyperpigmentation and inflammation-related diseases.
    Mycosporine 2 glycine
  • HY-N1508R
    Ecliptasaponin A (Standard)
    Ecliptasaponin A (Standard) is the analytical standard for Ecliptasaponin A (HY-N1508). Ecliptasaponin A is an orally active pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin. Ecliptasaponin A exerts anti-tumor activity by activating ASK1/JNK pathway, inducing apoptosis and autophagy in lung cancer cells. Ecliptasaponin A exerts anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrotic effects and protects the cardiovascular system by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and the expression of COX-2 and MMP-9. Ecliptasaponin A can enhance SOD activity, reduce MDA levels, and alleviate oxidative stress damage. Ecliptasaponin A exerts chondroprotective effects by inhibiting the expression of MMP13 and regulating inflammatory factors. Ecliptasaponin A improves ovarian function and regulates sex hormones by upregulating the expression of ESR1 receptors.
    Ecliptasaponin A (Standard)
  • HY-N3989
    Haplopine
    Activator 99.49%
    Haplopine is a substance with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and photoactivated antibacterial activities. It also acts as an inhibitor of UGT1A7 and a photoactivated restriction endonuclease inhibitor. Haplopine inhibits the mRNA/protein expression of IL-6, TSLP, GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-4, IL-13 and COX-2, while upregulating the mRNA/protein expression of SOD, CAT and HO-1. Haplopine inhibits the glucuronidation reaction catalyzed by UGT1A7 through competitive hydrophobic binding. Haplopine exerts photoactivated restriction endonuclease inhibitory effects by binding to DNA. Haplopine exhibits photoactivated activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Haplopine alleviates symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Haplopine can be used in research related to atopic dermatitis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.
    Haplopine
  • HY-15035R
    S-Diclofenac (Standard)
    Activator
    S-Diclofenac (Standard) is the analytical standard of S-Diclofenac. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. S-Diclofenac (ACS 15) is a hybrid molecule of an H2S donor and the NSAID diclofenac. S-Diclofenac activates the p53 signaling pathway, and inhibits the activation of JNK. S-Diclofenac exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
    S-Diclofenac (Standard)
  • HY-175862
    ALR2-IN-9
    Activator
    ALR2-IN-9 is a potent ALR2 inhibitor (IC50 = 21.8 nM) with excellent antioxidant activity (EC50 for DPPH radical scavenging = 2.8 μM). ALR2-IN-9 interacts directly with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)/Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) and interrupts the free radical chain reactions, and as an endogenous enzymatic antioxidant regulator, which regulates enzyme functions of CAT and SOD. ALR2-IN-9 regulates PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway to attenuate hyperglycemia-mediated mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in vitro, and ameliorates CuSO4- and H2O2-induced oxidative stress in vivo. ALR2-IN-9 prolongs lifespan of C. elegans via the regulation of stress response genes such as PMK-1. ALR2-IN-9 is a promising anti-aging drug candidate. ALR2-IN-9 can be used for diabetic complication research.
    ALR2-IN-9
  • HY-N0257R
    Epimedin A (Standard)
    Inhibitor
    Epimedin A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Epimedin A (HY-N0257). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Epimedin A, one of the main flavonoid active components in Herba Epimedii, is orally active. Epimedin A can inhibit osteoclastogenesis, differentiation, and bone resorption. Epimedin A also possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Epimedin A can be used in the research of osteoporosis and inflammatory diseases.
    Epimedin A (Standard)
  • HY-124920
    Methiocarb
    Modulator
    Methiocarb (Mercaptodimethur) is an orally active carbamate insecticide. Methiocarb exerts dose-dependent toxic effects on onions. In addition to inhibiting acetylcholinesterase to induce cholinergic excitation, Methiocarb can induce lipid peroxidation in liver, kidney, brain and testicular tissues and alter reduced glutathione levels by generating ROS. Methiocarb can be used for agricultural pest control and research on oxidative stress-related cellular damage in mammals.
    Methiocarb
  • HY-136355R
    Picoxystrobin (Standard)
    Inhibitor
    Picoxystrobin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Picoxystrobin (HY-136355). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Picoxystrobin is a strobilurin fungicide. Picoxystrobin controls plant diseases by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration. Picoxystrobin is highly toxic to zebrafish embryos, causing developmental abnormalities, oxidative stress, and immunotoxicity.
    Picoxystrobin (Standard)
  • HY-N6013R
    Aloin (mixture of A&B) (Standard)
    Inhibitor
    Aloin (mixture of A&B) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aloin (mixture of A&B) (HY-N6013). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aloin (mixture of A&B) is an orally active anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera. Aloin (mixture of A&B) mitigates airway impairment and exerts neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antitumor effects. Aloin (mixture of A&B) inhibits Clostridium histolyticum collagenase, granulocyte matrix metalloproteinases and human 20S proteasome. Aloin (mixture of A&B) upregulates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, suppresses the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. Aloin (mixture of A&B) reduces IL-4/IL-5/IL-13 levels, and reverses oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, GSH). Aloin (mixture of A&B) can be used for research on chronic ulcers, burns, wounds, inflammatory and degenerative disorders, asthma and neuroblastoma.
    Aloin (mixture of A&B) (Standard)
  • HY-N7773
    Hibiscetin
    Activator
    Hibiscetin is an orally active anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective agent. Hibiscetin reduces the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Hibiscetin inhibits lipid peroxidation, reduces MDA levels, and induces the activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT, GSH and SOD. Hibiscetin lowers blood glucose, reverses reduced insulin levels, regulates adipokine levels, and reduces elevated AST and ALT levels. Hibiscetin alleviates Rotenone (HY-B1756)-induced akinesia and catalepsy, normalizes neurotransmitter levels, and modulates the activities of activated caspase 3 and BDNF. Hibiscetin can be used in the research of type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.
    Hibiscetin
  • HY-N3029R
    Noreugenin (Standard)
    Noreugenin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Noreugenin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Noreugenin is a phenolic compound found in Calea uniflora Less. Noreugenin inhibits myeloperoxidase activity and reduces levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17A levels in LPS (HY-D1056)-induced murine pleurisy model. Noreugenin reduces apoptosis and necrosis. Noreugenin reduces lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD, GST) activity. Noreugenin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Noreugenin can be used for the research of inflammatory conditions, such as pleurisy.
    Noreugenin (Standard)
  • HY-W747601
    Chlorphoxim
    Inhibitor
    Chlorphoxim is a broad-spectrum and highly efficient insecticide. Chlorphoxim kills pests by inhibiting AChE. Chlorphoxim inhibits the activities of SOD and CAT in zebrafish embryos. Chlorphoxim induces oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos by activating ROS. Chlorphoxim induces apoptosis by upregulating the expression levels of Bax, Bcl2 and p53 in zebrafish embryos. Chlorphoxim exhibits neurotoxicity and developmental toxicity. Chlorphoxim is used in agricultural research for the control of various pests.
    Chlorphoxim
  • HY-W715812
    Bromuconazole
    Activator
    Bromuconazole is a triazole fungicide with oral efficacy and blood-brain barrier permeability. Bromuconazole protects crops from various fungal contaminations. Bromuconazole exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cells, induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA synthesis in cancer cells, and triggers cytoskeletal structural disorder, genotoxic damage, apoptotic (apoptosis) cell death, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Bromuconazole activates caspase-3, induces excessive production of ROS, p53 and Bax, lipid peroxidation, increased activities of SOD and CAT, and downregulates Bcl-2. By upregulating p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK, Bromuconazole disrupts the MAPK signaling pathway, impairs the cellular stress response of human trophoblast cells and endometrial cells, and damages the implantation process. Bromuconazole is applicable to research related to glioma, colon cancer, reproductive injury (implantation dysfunction), and cardiac dysfunction.
    Bromuconazole
  • HY-B1950R
    Quizalofop-p-ethyl (Standard)
    Activator
    Quizalofop-p-ethyl (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quizalofop-p-ethyl. This product is intended for research and analytical applications.
    Quizalofop-p-ethyl (Standard)
  • HY-136371R
    Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Standard)
    Activator
    Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fluroxypyr-meptyl. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Fluroxypyr-1-methylheptyl ester), a synthetical phytohormone, is used as herbicide agent.
    Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Standard)
  • HY-B1009R
    Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt (Standard)
    Activator
    Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (trisodium salt) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (trisodium salt). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt (EDTA trisodium salt; Trisodium EDTA) is a kind of metal chelating agent (binds to bivalent and trivalent metal cations, including calcium). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-hypercalcemia and anticoagulant activities. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt decreases the metal ion-catalyzed oxidative damage to proteins, and allows maintenance of reducing environment during protein purification. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt can alleviate the liver fibrosis. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can be used for coronary artery disease and neural system disease research.
    Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt (Standard)
  • HY-W032878
    N,N-Bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine
    Activator 98.80%
    N,N-Bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine is a potent fungicidal agent with remarkable activity against Aspergillus niger. N,N-Bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine induces oxidative stress and regulates the activities of multiple antioxidant and mitochondrial enzymes in a concentration‑ and duration‑dependent manner. N,N-Bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine disrupts fungal organelles, remodels mitochondrial morphology and impairs mitochondria‑related cellular functions. N,N-Bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine can be used for the research of fungicidal mechanisms and oxidative stress in Aspergillus niger.
    N,N-Bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity