2. GPCR/G Protein Stem Cell/Wnt MAPK/ERK Pathway JAK/STAT Signaling Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Neuronal Signaling Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
  3. PACAP Receptor ERK EGFR Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Calcium Channel
  4. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA

PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA  (Synonyms: Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide 38 TFA)

Cat. No.: HY-P0221A
Handling Instructions Technical Support

PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a PAC1 receptor agonist. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA elevates cytosolic Ca2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

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Other In-stock Forms of PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA:

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PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mil Med Res. 2024 Jul 23;11(1):49.  [Abstract]

    Latency to eat and food consumption in NSF at 30 min post-PACAP (1-38) (0.4, 2.0, 4.0 ng/site; administrated intrahippocampally in a volume of 0.2 μL) [F (3, 28) = 5.940, P = 0.0029; F (3, 28) = 14.16, P < 0.0001]. The results showed that 30 minutes after the administration of low and medium doses of PACAP (1-38), a shortened feeding latency and increased food intake were observed in the Novelty Suppressed Feeding (NSF) paradigm.

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mil Med Res. 2024 Jul 23;11(1):49.  [Abstract]

    Immobility time in FST at 7 d post-PACAP (1-38) [F (3, 28) = 3.415, P = 0.0309] (n = 8). One-way ANOVA, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. The immediate and lasting antidepressant activity with the infusion of 0.4 ng/site of hippocampal PACAP (1-38) (administrated intrahippocampally in a volume of 0.2 μL) in mice subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS).

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Aug 8;21(1):261.  [Abstract]

    Colocalization of CY5.5-PACAP (4 h), CY3-HA NGs in HA NGs@exosomes from primary neuronal cells by fluorescent microscopy. Scale bar: 50 μm. Immunofluorescence staining showed the co-localization of PACAP (1-38) (200 µg/mL; overnight) and HA nanogels, indicating the successful encapsulation of PACAP (1-38) into HA NGs@exosomes in primary neuronal cells.

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cell Mol Med. 2023 Dec;27(23):3692-3705.  [Abstract]

    SCs were treated with various concentrations of PACAP (1-38) (PACAP, 1-100 nM) for 48 h and then FGF17, CTSS and MMP‐12 expression was measured by western blotting. Western blotting showed that PACAP (1-38) (rPACAP) induced expression of FGF17, CTSS and MMP‐12 in SCs.

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cell Mol Med. 2023 Dec;27(23):3692-3705.  [Abstract]

    Volcano plot of DEGs in SCs after PACAP (1-38) (100 nM; 48 h) treatment. Analysis of upregulated DEGs induced by PACAP (1-38) showed that fibroblast growth factor 17 (FGF17) expression was significantly upregulated in the treatment group (log2 fold‐change = 2.89, p = 0.0019).

    View All PACAP Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    PAC1 Receptor VPAC2 receptor

    View All ERK Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    ERK ERK1 ERK2 ERK5 ERK8

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    EGFR/ErbB1/HER1 ErbB2/HER2 ErbB3/HER3 ErbB4/HER4

    View All Calcium Channel Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    N-type calcium channel L-type calcium channel P/Q-type calcium channel T-type calcium channel Calcium Channel

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a PAC1 receptor agonist. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA elevates cytosolic Ca2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].

    IC50 & Target

    IC50: 4 nM (PACAP type I receptor), 2 nM (PACAP type II receptor VIP1), and 1 nM (PACAP type II receptor VIP2)[1]
    In Vitro

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a fragment of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide[1].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA shows high affinity for PACAP specific (PAC1) receptor in membranes from various tissues including the endocrine pancreas[2].
    In vitro, PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA relaxes guinea-pig and rabbit tracheal smooth muscle precontracted by histamine and by acetylcholine. PACAP (1-38) also increases adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in tracheal smooth muscle, providing a possible mechanism for the relaxant effect of PACAP (1-38)[3].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA (100 nM; 2 min; NCI-H838 cells) induces EGFR, HER2 and ERK tyrosine phosphorylation[5].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA (100 nM; 30 min; NCI-H838 cells) induces EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation with generates ROS and increases ROS levels by 51%[5].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA (10 nM; 48 h) stimulates the growth of NCI-H838 cells[5].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA (300 nM; 4 h) stimulates generation of APPsα in neural cells[6].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA (0.01-10 nM; HEK 293 cells) stimulates neural cells express endogenous PAC1 receptors by cAMP accumulation and by an increase in cytosolic free calcium and induces elevation of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 value of 0.81 nM[6].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA (0.01 nM; 48 h) elicits potent and efficacious stimulation of NPY secretion from SCG neuronal cultures[7].
    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA (100 nM; 14 d) produces sustained stimulated NPY and catecholamine secretionmpathetic neurons[7].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA Related Antibodies

    Cell Viability Assay[1]

    Cell Line: NCI-H838 cells
    Concentration: 10 nM
    Incubation Time: 48 hours
    Result: Increased the number of NCI-H838 cells by 72%.

    Western Blot Analysis[1]

    Cell Line: NCI-H838 cells
    Concentration: 100 nM
    Incubation Time: 2 minutes
    Result: Increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR, HER2, and ERK by 377, 299 and 216%, respectively.
    In Vivo

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA alone in sham animals does not result in changes in any of the retinal layers. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is dissolved in solutio ophthalmica cum benzalkonio leads to significant protection in the retina in bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO)-lesioned retinas; retinas treated with PACAP (1-38) eye drops have preserved structure compared to control retinas[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    4534.26 (free base)

    Formula

    C203H331N63O53S.C2HF3O2
    Sequence

    His-Ser-Asp-Gly-Ile-Phe-Thr-Asp-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Arg-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Ala-Ala-Val-Leu-Gly-Lys-Arg-Tyr-Lys-Gln-Arg-Val-Lys-Asn-Lys-NH2
    Sequence Shortening

    HSDGIFTDSYSRYRKQMAVKKYLAAVLGKRYKQRVKNK-NH2
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O

    Peptide Solubility and Storage Guidelines:

    1.  Calculate the length of the peptide.

    2.  Calculate the overall charge of the entire peptide according to the following table:

      Contents Assign value
    Acidic amino acid Asp (D), Glu (E), and the C-terminal -COOH. -1
    Basic amino acid Arg (R), Lys (K), His (H), and the N-terminal -NH2 +1
    Neutral amino acid Gly (G), Ala (A), Leu (L), Ile (I), Val (V), Cys (C), Met (M), Thr (T), Ser (S), Phe (F), Tyr (Y), Trp (W), Pro (P), Asn (N), Gln (Q) 0

    3.  Recommended solution:

    Overall charge of peptide Details
    Negative (<0) 1.  Try to dissolve the peptide in water first.
    2.  If water fails, add NH4OH (<50 μL).
    3.  If the peptide still does not dissolve, add DMSO (50-100 μL) to solubilize the peptide.
    Positive (>0) 1.  Try to dissolve the peptide in water first.
    2.  If water fails, try dissolving the peptide in a 10%-30% acetic acid solution.
    3.  If the peptide still does not dissolve, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO.
    Zero (=0) 1.  Try to dissolve the peptide in organic solvent (acetonitrile, methanol, etc.) first.
    2.  For very hydrophobic peptides, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO, and then dilute the solution with water to the desired concentration.
    Purity & Documentation
    References
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    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA Related Classifications

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    The molarity calculator equation

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass   Concentration   Volume   Molecular Weight *
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    The dilution calculator equation

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
    × = ×
    C1   V1   C2   V2
    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, ratPituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide 38Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide38Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide-38PACAP ReceptorERKEGFRReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)Calcium ChannelPituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide receptorExtracellular signal regulated kinasesEpidermal growth factor receptorErbB-1HER1Ca2+ channelsCa channelsPAC1cAMPCa2+HER2 ERKROS NPYcatecholamineInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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