Cancer immunology studies how the immune system recognizes, suppresses, edits, or fails to eliminate malignant cells through tumor antigen release, antigen presentation, T-cell priming, immune trafficking, tumor-cell killing, and feedback inhibition in the tumor microenvironment. The cancer-immunity cycle links tumor antigenicity, dendritic-cell priming, CD8+ T-cell infiltration, cytotoxic function, and immune-checkpoint regulation to tumor rejection or immune escape. Immune-checkpoint pathways such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 suppress antitumor T-cell activity and can be therapeutically blocked, but many tumors remain resistant because of poor antigen presentation, weak T-cell infiltration, suppressive myeloid cells, regulatory T cells, and tumor-intrinsic immune-exclusion programs. Unresolved questions include which immune-cell states predict response, how tumor-intrinsic pathways exclude immune cells, how myeloid suppression limits checkpoint blockade, and which combination strategies
Cancer Immunology
Cancer immunity refers to the body's immune system's ability to recognize, attack and eliminate cancer cells. Under normal circumstances, the immune system is able to identify and destroy abnormal cells to prevent the occurrence of cancer. Cancer immunity involves the activities of immune cells such as T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages, as well as the regulation of immune regulatory molecules. Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses stimulating or boosting a patient's own immune system to fight cancer. A deep understanding of cancer immune mechanisms is crucial for developing innovative treatment strategies and improving survival rates of cancer patients.
Related Experimental Schemes
