Targeting the OXE receptor with a selective antagonist inhibits allergen-induced pulmonary inflammation in non-human primates

Background and purpose: The 5-lipoxygenase product, 5-oxo-ETE (5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid), is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils and neutrophils. However, little is known about its pathophysiological role because of the lack of a rodent ortholog of the oxoeicosanoid (OXE) receptor. The present study aimed to determine whether the selective OXE receptor antagonist S-Y048 can inhibit allergen-induced pulmonary inflammation in a monkey model of asthma.

Experimental approach: Monkeys sensitized to house dust Mite antigen (HDM) were treated with either vehicle or S-Y048 prior to challenge with aerosolized HDM, and bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid was collected 24 h later. After 6 weeks, Animals that had initially been treated with vehicle received S-Y048 and vice versa for Animals initially treated with S-Y048. Eosinophils and neutrophils in BAL and lung tissue samples were evaluated, as well as mucus-containing cells in bronchi.

Key results: HDM significantly increased the numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages in BAL fluid 24 h after challenge. These responses were all significantly inhibited by S-Y048, which also reduced the numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils in lung tissue 24 h after challenge with HDM. S-Y048 also significantly reduced the numbers of bronchial epithelial cells staining for Mucin and MUC5AC after antigen challenge.

Conclusion and implications: This study provides the first evidence that 5-oxo-ETE may play an important role in inducing allergen-induced pulmonary inflammation and could also be involved in regulating MUC5AC in goblet cells. OXE receptor antagonists such as S-Y048 may useful therapeutic agents in asthma and Other eosinophilic as well as neutrophilic diseases.