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end-products

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107

Inhibitors & Agonists

1

Screening Libraries

1

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5

Biochemical Assay Reagents

7

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1

Inhibitory Antibodies

51

Natural
Products

11

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

5

Antibodies

Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-B2227
    Lactic acid
    Maximum Cited Publications
    52 Publications Verification

    DL-Lactic acid; E-270

    		 Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lactic acid (DL-Lactic acid) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactic acid is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity . Lactic acid also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative .
    Lactic acid
  • HY-B2227B
    Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water)
    50+ Cited Publications

    DL-Lactic acid sodium; E-270 sodium

    		 Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lactic acid (DL-Lactic acid) sodium (60% w/w in water) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity . Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative .
    This product has a content (w/w) of 60%, and 1 mL of the system contains 798 mg of Lactic acid sodium, i.e., a concentration of 798 mg/mL (i.e., 7.12 M).
    Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water)
  • HY-141537
    ABR-238901
    5 Publications Verification

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    ABR-238901 is an orally active and potent S100A8/A9 blocker and inhibits S100A8/A9 interaction with its receptors RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation endproducts) and TLR4 (toll-like receptor 4). ABR-238901 has the potential for myocardial infarction (MI) research .
    ABR-238901
  • HY-W009371
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium
    3 Publications Verification

    		 DNA/RNA Synthesis Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium is an intermediate of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and an end product of the nonoxidative branch of the PPP. D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium is used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids .
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium
  • HY-N0022
    Isoacteoside
    5+ Cited Publications

    Isoverbascoside

    		 Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Akt mTOR PI3K NO Synthase COX p38 MAPK Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Amyloid-β Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Isoacteoside is a natural product that can significantly inhibit the formation of glycation end products. Isoacteoside regulates the AKT/PI3K/m-TOR/NF-κB signaling pathway, induces apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cell. Isoacteoside exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and neuroprotective activities .
    Isoacteoside
  • HY-50682
    Azeliragon
    10+ Cited Publications

    TTP488; PF-04494700

    		 Amyloid-β Neurological Disease Cancer
    Azeliragon (TTP488) is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in development as a potential treatment to slow disease progression with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) . Azeliragon also can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) .
    Azeliragon
  • HY-B1041
    Aminoguanidine hydrochloride
    5+ Cited Publications

    Pimagedine hydrochloride; GER-11; Aminoguanidinium chloride

    		 NO Synthase Apoptosis ERK Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Aminoguanidine (Pimagedine) hydrochloride is an inhibitor of diamine oxidase (DAO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Aminoguanidine hydrochloride can reduce the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Aminoguanidine hydrochloride has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on Doxorubicin (HY-15142)-induced cell apoptosis. Aminoguanidine hydrochloride has antioxidant properties. Aminoguanidine hydrochloride can be used in the research of diabetic nephropathy .
    Aminoguanidine hydrochloride
  • HY-106024B
    Alagebrium chloride
    5+ Cited Publications

    ALT711

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Alagebrium chloride (ALT711) is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor.
    Alagebrium chloride
  • HY-N0033
    Poliumoside
    5+ Cited Publications

    		 Aldose Reductase Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Poliumoside, a caffeoylated phenylpropanoid glycoside, is isolated from Brandisia hancei stems and leaves. Poliumoside is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation and rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibitor, with IC50s of 19.69 and 8.47 μM, respectively. Poliumoside also has antiinflammatory and antioxidant activity .
    Poliumoside
  • HY-B1235
    Acetohydroxamic acid
    1 Publications Verification

    N-Hydroxyacetamide

    		 Bacterial HIV Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Acetohydroxamic acid is the inhibitor for bacterial and plant urease that can be used for chronic urinary tract infections. Acetohydroxamic acid selectively inhibits arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase that is useful in the research of asthma. Acetohydroxamic acid inhibits the formation of advanced glycation end products, and reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Acetohydroxamic acid exhibits antiviral activity against HIV .
    Acetohydroxamic acid
  • HY-N7426
    3-Deoxyglucosone

    3-Deoxy-D-glucosone

    		 GLP Receptor Metabolic Disease
    3-Deoxyglucosone (3-Deoxy-D-glucosone) is a reactive intermediate of the Maillard reaction and the polyol pathway. 3-Deoxyglucosone rapidly reacts with protein amino groups to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs), such as imidazolone, it is the most specific AGE for 3-DG. 3-Deoxyglucosone synergizes with low glucose to potentiate GLP-1 secretion and is considered as a biomarker for diabetes .
    3-Deoxyglucosone
  • HY-113432
    Nudifloramide

    2PY

    		 Endogenous Metabolite PARP Metabolic Disease
    Nudifloramide (2PY) is one of the end products of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) degradation. Nudifloramide significantly inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) activity in vitro .
    Nudifloramide
  • HY-131368
    α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate potassium

    Tre6P potassium

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Drug Derivative Metabolic Disease
    α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) potassium is a glucose analogue with potent anti-hyperglcaemic activity. α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate potassium is rapidly converted to the end product, α,α′-trehalose, through the action of α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (T6PP) .
    α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate potassium
  • HY-NP165
    Advanced glycation end products

    AGEs

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a series of stable compounds generated through non-enzymatic reactions between reducing sugars and proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids. Advanced glycation end products are often used as targets to evaluate the inhibitory effects of anti-glycation compounds. Advanced glycation end products can be applied to research on diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, inflammation, aging, and other conditions .
    Advanced glycation end products
  • HY-113121
    Vanillylmandelic acid
    2 Publications Verification

    		 Drug Metabolite Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease
    Vanillylmandelic acid is the endproduct of epinephrine and norepinephrine metabolism. Vanillylmandelic acid can be used as an indication of the disorder in neurotransmitter metabolism as well. Vanillylmandelic acid has antioxidant activity towards DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 33 μM .
    Vanillylmandelic acid
  • HY-W011209
    N6-Isopentenyladenosine
    1 Publications Verification

    Riboprine

    		 Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite Cancer
    N6-Isopentenyladenosine (Riboprine), an RNA modification found in cytokinins, which regulate plant growth/differentiation, and a subset of tRNAs, where it improves the efficiency and accuracy of translation. N6-Isopentenyladenosine, an end product of the mevalonate pathway, is an autophagy inhibitor with an interesting anti-melanoma activity .
    N6-Isopentenyladenosine
  • HY-14892A
    Gemigliptin tartrate

    LC15-0444 tartrate

    		 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Metabolic Disease
    Gemigliptin tartrate (LC15-0444 tartrate) is a highly selective, reversible and competitive dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 10.3 nM for human recombinant DPP-4. Gemigliptin tartrate exhibits potent anti-glycation properties. Gemigliptin tartrate can be used for the research of advanced glycation end products (AGE)-related diabetic complications .
    Gemigliptin tartrate
  • HY-B1392
    Esmolol hydrochloride
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Adrenergic Receptor Caspase Apoptosis Aldose Reductase Neurokinin Receptor Cardiovascular Disease Endocrinology Cancer
    Esmolol hydrochloride is an ultra-short-acting cardioselective β1-adrenergic blocker. Esmolol hydrochloride exerts its antiarrhythmic effect by activating Neurokinin 1 Receptor. Esmolol hydrochloride attenuates post resuscitation myocardial dysfunction. Esmolol hydrochloride improves diabetic wound healing by inhibiting aldose reductase and the production of advanced glycation end products and promoting fibroblast migration. Esmolol hydrochloride can be used to study cardiac diseases such as arrhythmias and diabetic foot ulcers .
    Esmolol hydrochloride
  • HY-W286743
    Nε-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine
    1 Publications Verification

    CML; N6-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine; Nε-(1-Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine

    		 Polo-like Kinase (PLK) ERK NF-κB Cancer
    Nε-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine (CML) is an orally active advanced glycation end product. Nε-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine upregulates the expression of PLK1 and CEP20, and induces the activation of RAGE and ERK/NFκB. Nε-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine drives centrosome amplification. Nε-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine induces malignant transformation of hepatocytes and promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Nε-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma cells and enhances their migration and invasion properties .
    Nε-(Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine
  • HY-30216A
    Leucic acid

    α-Hydroxyisocaproic acid

    		 Drug Metabolite Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) AMPK ERK Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Leucic acid (α-Hydroxyisocaproic acid) is an orally active end-product of the microbial metabolism of leucine. Leucic acid can bind to HCAR2, alters AMPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation status, suppresses lipid synthesis, promotes catabolism, reduces adiposity, enhances lean mass and exercise capacity. Leucic acid suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, inflammation-related gene mRNA expression. Leucic acid decreases basal protein synthesis, attenuates myotube atrophy. Leucic acid can be used for the research of obesity .
    Leucic acid
  • HY-B1745
    Pyridoxylamine
    5+ Cited Publications

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Pyridoxylamine is an advanced glycation end production (AGEs) and lipoxidation end products (ALEs) inhibitor, to protect against diabetes-induced retinal vascular lesions.
    Pyridoxylamine
  • HY-W009371C
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium dihydrate
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium dihydrate is an intermediate of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and an end product of the nonoxidative branch of the PPP. D-Ribose 5-phosphate is used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids .
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium dihydrate
  • HY-129611
    Bromelain

    		Apoptosis Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Bromelain is an anti-inflammatory agent derived from pineapple stem that acts through down-regulation of plasma kininogen, inhibition of Prostaglandin E2 expression, degradation of advanced glycation end product receptors and regulation of angiogenic biomarkers as well as antioxidant action upstream in the COX-pathway . Bromelain exhibits various fibrinolytic, antiedematous, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Bromelain also possesses some anticancerous activities and promotes apoptotic cell death .
    Bromelain
  • HY-B2227C
    Lactic acid potassium
    50+ Cited Publications

    DL-Lactic acid potassium; E-270 potassium

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lactic acid (DL-Lactic acid) potassium is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactic acid potassium is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid potassium is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity . Lactic acid also potassium has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative .
    Lactic acid potassium
  • HY-P2268
    RAGE antagonist peptide
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Amyloid-β Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    RAGE antagonist peptide is an advanced glycation end products (RAGE) antagonist. RAGE antagonist peptide prevents RAGE from binding with several of its most important ligands, including HMGB-1, S100P, and S100A4. RAGE antagonist peptide (RAP) possesses anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities .
    RAGE antagonist peptide
  • HY-W019724
    2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid

    		Drug Intermediate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
    2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite, which is the monohydrate of Glyoxylic Acid. 2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid may participate in the microbial glyoxylate cycle, induce an increase in reactive oxygen species, promote cell differentiation, and modify proteins to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (HY-NP165). 2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid is associated with metabolic diseases such as primary hyperoxaluria .
    2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid
  • HY-N4089
    Quercetin 3-gentiobioside

    		Aldose Reductase Cytochrome P450 Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Quercetin 3-gentiobioside is a flavonoid found in Artemisia iwayomogi. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside inhibits aromatase with an Ki of 46.77 nM. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside inhibits aldose reductase (AR) and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), with IC50 values of 10.60 μM and 109.46 μM, respectively. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside inhibits proliferation of cancer cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside can be used for the research of cancer, such as lung carcinoma .
    Quercetin 3-gentiobioside
  • HY-B2227A
    Lactic acid calcium
    50+ Cited Publications

    DL-Lactic acid calcium; E-270 calcium

    		 Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lactic acid (DL-Lactic acid) calcium is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactic acid calcium is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid calcium is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity . Lactic acid calcium also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative .
    Lactic acid calcium
  • HY-B2227R
    Lactic acid (Standard)

    DL-Lactic acid (Standard); E-270 (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lactic acid (Standard) (DL-Lactic acid (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Lactic acid (HY-B2227). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lactic acid (DL-Lactic acid) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactic acid is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity . Lactic acid also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative .
    Lactic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B1745A
    Pyridoxylamine dihydrochloride
    5+ Cited Publications

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Pyridoxylamine dihydrochloride is an advanced glycation end production (AGEs) and lipoxidation end products (ALEs) inhibitor, to protect against diabetes-induced retinal vascular lesions .
    Pyridoxylamine dihydrochloride
  • HY-76383
    LR-90

    		COX Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    LR-90 is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor, inhibits inflammatory responses in human monocytes . LR-90 is also used in the research of diabetic animal model .
    LR-90
  • HY-W009371A
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate

    		Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate is an intermediate of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and an end product of the nonoxidative branch of the PPP. D-Ribose 5-phosphate is used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids .
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate
  • HY-128749
    D-Glucaric acid potassium

    Potassium D-glucarate

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    D-Glucaric acid potassium (Potassium D-glucarate) is an orally active end product of the D-glucuronic acid pathway in mammals. D-Glucaric acid potassium is present in a variety of fruits and vegetables. D-Glucaric acid potassium has cholesterol-lowering and anti-tumor activities. D-Glucaric acid potassium can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and inflammation, and induce apoptosis .
    D-Glucaric acid potassium
  • HY-N4170
    Chebulic acid
    2 Publications Verification

    		 Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolic Disease
    Chebulic acid is a phenolic acid compound isolated from Terminalia chebula with strong antioxidant activity, which breaks protein cross-links induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and inhibits the formation of AGEs. Chebulic acid is effective in controlling elevated metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and liver damage, supporting its beneficial role in asthma, diabetes, and liver protection .
    Chebulic acid
  • HY-N1470
    Plantagoside

    		Glycosidase Metabolic Disease
    Plantagoside is a flavanone glucoside found in Plantago asiatica seeds, acting as a specific non-competitive α-mannosidase inhibitor with IC50 values of 5 μM and a Ki of 2.7 μM (jack bean). Plantagoside suppresses antibody response and Concanavalin A (HY-P2149)-induced lymphocyte proliferation in mouse spleen cells. Plantagoside inhibits the Maillard reaction, advanced glycation end product formation, and glycation-dependent protein-protein cross-link formation. Plantagoside can be used for the research of diabetes .
    Plantagoside
  • HY-P2268A
    RAGE antagonist peptide TFA
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Amyloid-β Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    RAGE antagonist peptide TFA is an advanced glycation end products (RAGE) antagonist. RAGE antagonist peptide TFA prevents RAGE from binding with several of its most important ligands, including HMGB-1, S100P, and S100A4. RAGE antagonist peptide TFA possesses anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities .
    RAGE antagonist peptide TFA
  • HY-114883
    Homocarnosine

    L-Homocarnosine

    		 GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Homocarnosine is a dipeptide of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine unique to brain. Homocarnosine is an inhibitory neuromodulator synthesized in the neuron from GABA and exhibiting anticonvulsant effects .Homocarnosine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation .
    Homocarnosine
  • HY-B2227BS
    Lactic acid-d4 sodium (60% w/w in water)

    DL-Lactic acid-d4 sodium; E-270-d4 sodium

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lactic acid-d4 (DL-Lactic acid-d4) sodium (60% in water) is the deuterium labeled Lactic acid sodium (60% in water) (HY-B2227B) . Lactic acid (DL-Lactic acid) sodium (60% w/w in water) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity . Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative .
    Lactic acid-d4 sodium (60% w/w in water)
  • HY-B2227BS1
    Lactic acid-d3 sodium (60% w/w in water)

    DL-Lactic acid-d3 sodium; E-270-d3 sodium

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR) Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lactic acid-d3 (DL-Lactic acid-d3) sodium (60% in water) is the deuterium labeled Lactic acid sodium (60% in water) (HY-B2227B) . Lactic acid (DL-Lactic acid) sodium (60% w/w in water) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity . Lactic acid sodium (60% w/w in water) also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative .
    Lactic acid-d3 sodium (60% w/w in water)
  • HY-14892
    Gemigliptin

    LC15-0444

    		 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Gemigliptin (LC15-0444 ) is a highly selective, reversible and competitive dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 10.3 nM for human recombinant DPP-4. Gemigliptin exhibits potent anti-glycation properties. Gemigliptin can be used for the research of advanced glycation end products (AGE)-related diabetic complications .
    Gemigliptin
  • HY-113033
    Pentosidine

    		Others Biochemical Assay Reagents Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Pentosidine is a fluorescent advanced glycation end product (AGE) and cross-linker. Pentosidine is a fluorescent cross-linked structure formed by lysine and arginine in sugar oxidation reactions, and it is commonly found in collagen, skin, bone, lens and plasma proteins . Pentosidine is used in research related to type 1 diabetes, brown cataracts, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases .
    Pentosidine
  • HY-Y0785
    Glyoxal (40% w/w in water)

    		Drug Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Glyoxal is a cytotoxic α-oxoaldehyde. Glyoxal induces cell damage and promotes protein glycation to form advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Glyoxal is promising for research of oxidative stress-related diseases (such as atherosclerosis, cataract, Alzheimer's disease), and the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones .
    Glyoxal (40% w/w in water)
  • HY-114883A
    Homocarnosine TFA

    L-Homocarnosine TFA

    		 GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease
    Homocarnosine TFA is a dipeptide of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine unique to brain. Homocarnosine TFA is an inhibitory neuromodulator synthesized in the neuron from GABA and exhibiting anticonvulsant effects . Homocarnosine TFA has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation .
    Homocarnosine TFA
  • HY-129834
    Bilirubin Conjugate disodium

    		Drug Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Bilirubin Conjugate disodium is a ditaurate derivative of Bilirubin. Bilirubin, a major end product of heme breakdown, is an important constituent of bile .
    Bilirubin Conjugate disodium
  • HY-N7628
    Cassiaside C

    Toralactone 9-O-β-D-gentiobioside

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Cassiaside C (Toralactone 9-O-β-D-gentiobioside) is a naphthopyrone isolated from the seed of Cassia tora and has inhibitory activity on advanced glycation end products (AGE) formation in vitro .
    Cassiaside C
  • HY-W016887R
    Glycyl-L-proline (Standard)

    H-Gly-Pro-OH (Standard); Gly-Pro (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    H-Gly-Pro-OH (Standard) is the analytical standard of H-Gly-Pro-OH. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. H-Gly-Pro-OH is an end product of collagen metabolism that is further cleaved by prolidase.
    Glycyl-L-proline (Standard)
  • HY-113432S
    Nudifloramide-d3

    		Endogenous Metabolite PARP Metabolic Disease
    Nudifloramide-d3 (2PY-d3) is the deuterium labeled Nudifloramide. Nudifloramide (2PY) is one of the end products of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) degradation. Nudifloramide significantly inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) activity in vitro .
    Nudifloramide-d3
  • HY-139793
    UDP-glucosamine disodium

    		OGT Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    UDP-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) disodium is a substrate for O-GlcNAc transferase, which catalyzes the attachment of O-GlcNAc to proteins. O-GlcNAcase catalyzes the removal of O-GlcNAc from proteins. UDP-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) disodium is the end product of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, which is regulated primarily by glucose-6-phosphate-Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) .
    UDP-glucosamine disodium
  • HY-128749A
    D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate

    Calcium D-glucarate tetrahydrate

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate (Calcium D-glucarate tetrahydrate) is an orally active end product of the mammalian D-glucuronidation pathway. D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate is found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate induces cell Apoptosis. D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate reduces the expression of hippocampal myelin-related genes (Mbp, Plp1). D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate has cholesterol-lowering and anti-tumor activities. D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate can be used in the research of neurological diseases .
    D-Glucaric acid tetrahydrate
  • HY-B2227D
    Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate (pentahydrate) is a hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activator and an epigenetic modulator inducing lysine residues lactylation. Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate (pentahydrate) is a glycolysis end-product, bridging the gap between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate (pentahydrate) is an oncometabolite and has immune protective role of lactate in anti-tumor immunity .
    Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate

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