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Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Batoclimab (RVT-1401) is a fully humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting FcRn. Batoclimab has high affinity for the IgG-binding site on FcRn. By competitively binding to the IgG binding site on FcRn, Batoclimab blocks FcRn-mediated recycling of IgG, resulting in enhanced degradation and subsequent reductions in IgG levels. Batoclimab can be used in the research of autoimmune diseases such as myasthenia gravis and thyroid eye disease .
SPHINX31 is a potent and selective SRPK1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 5.9 nM. SPHINX31 inhibits phosphorylation of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1). SPHINX31 also decreases the mRNA expression of pro-angiogenic VEGF-A165a isoform. SPHINX31 can be used to research neovascular eye disease .
Fluorometholone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Fluorometholone can be used for the research of dry eye .
Reproxalap (ADX-102) is an active aldehyde sequestering agent. Reproxalap reduces the PKCα activity. Reproxalap blocks caspase 3/7 activation. Reproxalap protects cells from the cytotoxicity of C18:0-al. Reproxalap has anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects. Reproxalap is used in studies of dry eye, allergic conjunctivitis, and non-infectious anterior uveitis .
Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) sodium is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast sodium blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast sodium inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast sodium can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Diquafosol tetrasodium is a P2Y2 receptor agonist that stimulates fluid and mucin secretion on the ocular surface, as a topical treatment of dry eye disease.
Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) ammonium is a member of the ganglioside family. Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) ammonium acts as a protective signal against nerve injury-induced spinal synapse elimination. Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) ammonium induces HA synthesis and the phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR in orbital fibroblasts. Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) ammonium enhances porcine oocyte maturation and induce activation of EGFR and ERK1/2 signaling. Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) ammonium is a putative host cell receptor for the Merkel cell polyomavirus. Ganglioside GT1b (bovine) ammonium can be used for the researches of cancer, infection, immunology, endocrinology and neurological disease, such as Thyroid eye disease .
Dichlorphenamide (Diclofenamide) is an orally active, specific, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Dichlorphenamide can reduce intraocular pressure by inhibiting the secretion of water from the eye. Dichlorphenamide can be used for glaucoma research .
UBX1325 is an Bcl-xL inhibitor that promotes apoptosis in senescent cells. UBX1325 is a potent anti-aging agent that can be used in studies of age-related eye diseases such as diabetic macular oedema (DME), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) .
Cetalkonium chloride is an ammonium antiseptic agent used in many topical agents for infections of mouth, throat and eye. Cetalkonium chloride acts as anti-inflammatory amphiphilic agent. Cetalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, that improves the precorneal residence time and bioavailability of drugs. Cetalkonium chloride interacts with the negative charges on the bacterial cell membrane, disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, causes leakage of cell contents and ultimately leading to bacterial death .
Rezuforimod (AGN-232411; AG-80308) is an ophthalmic solution targeting the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) pathway. Rezuforimod exerts anti-inflammatory effects by targeting the formyl peptide receptor pathway. Administered topically, Rezuforimod significantly reduces the corneal conjunctival staining score and improves ocular discomfort symptoms, with no serious adverse events reported and favorable overall safety profile. Rezuforimod shows remarkable potential to serve as a novel therapeutic option for dry eye disease .
Proparacaine (Proxymetacaine) hydrochloride is a local anesthetic. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks voltage-gated sodium channels on neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting signal conduction and nociceptive signal transmission. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks nociceptive signals in the eye and induces ocular muscle relaxation to reduce eye movement during surgery. Proparacaine hydrochloride is used in research related to cataracts .
LASN01 is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting IL-11RA. LASN01 inhibits IGF-1 and IL-11-induced hyaluronic acid (HA) release and TGFβ-stimulated procollagen in orbital fibroblasts. LASN01 can be used in thyroid eye disease (TED) research. Recommended isotype control: Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001) .
Tivanisiran sodium (SYL1001 sodium) is a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting TRPV1. Tivanisiran sodium induces the degradation of TRPV1 mRNA, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. Tivanisiran sodium alleviates ocular discomfort and pain, and improves ocular hyperemia and tear quality. Tivanisiran sodium is applicable to research related to dry eye disease .
Recoflavone (DA-6034 (free acid)), a synthetic derivative of the flavonoid Eupatilin (HY-N0783), is orally active. Recoflavone can inhibit the NF-κB pathway and induce [Ca( 2+)]i increase in epithelial cells. Recoflavone exhibits activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor effects, protection of gastric and intestinal mucosa, and promotion of secretion in the ocular surface and salivary glands. Recoflavone can be used for the research of diseases such as dry eye, gastric injury, and intestinal injury .
Apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO 2145), a selective α2 and weak α1 receptor agonist activity, effectively lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) in human eyes. Apraclonidine hydrochloride is a topical ophthalmic solution and has the ability to elevate the eye lid .
Pegaptanib sodium is an RNA aptamer with polyethylene glycol modifications, which is directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-165. Pegaptanib could be used for the study of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) .
Perfluorohexyloctane (NOV03), a semifluorinated alkane, reduces tear film instability in Meibomian gland dysfunction and evaporative dry eye disease. Perfluorohexyloctane is a long-term tamponade agent. Perfluorohexyloctane increases tear film breakup time and lipid layer thickness .
3-Butenylamine hydrochloride can be used as an intermediate in the production of polymers, adhesives, resins and other chemicals. 3-Butenylamine hydrochloride may cause skin and eye irritation or burns, severe eye damage, and breathing problems .
Racanisodamine is one of the racemic isomers of anisodamine, resembles anisodamine in pharmacological effect. Racanisodamine is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, used as a component of eye drops for myopic control .
Dapiprazole hydrochloride is a potent, selective and orally active alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist. Dapiprazole hydrochloride suppresses the opioid withdrawal symptoms. Dapiprazole hydrochloride is also used as eye drops for reversing mydriasis .
Poloxamer 237 (F87) (PEG-PPG-PEG, 7700 (Average Mn)) is an alcohol substance that acts as an oil-in-water emulsifier and solubilizer. Poloxamer 237 (F87) is used in the research of formulations such as contact lens care solutions and eye drops .
JP-153 is the Src-FAK-Paxillin signaling inhibitor. JP-153 inhibits Src-dependent phosphorylation of paxillin (Y118) and downstream activation of Akt (S473). JP-153 reduces VEGF-induced migration and proliferation in retinal endothelial cells. JP-153 can be uesd for the study of neovascular eye disease .
Urcosimod (OK 101) is a lipid-coupled chemokine peptide, a ChemR23G protein-coupled receptor agonist, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Urcosimod can be used for dry eye research .
Veligrotug (AVE1642) is a selective, fully human IGF-1R antagonist antibody with a Kd value of 0.55 nM for hIGF-1R. Veligrotug blocks the phosphorylation of downstream AKT. Veligrotug is applicable to research related to thyroid eye disease .
NVS-CECR2-1, a non-BET family Bromodomain (BRD) inhibitor, is a potent and selective cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 2 (CECR2) inhibitor. NVS-CECR2-1 binds to CECR2 BRD with high affinity (IC50=47 nM; KD=80 nM). NVS-CECR2-1 exhibits cytotoxic activity and induces apoptosis against various cancer cells by targeting CECR2 as well as via CECR2-independent mechanism . NVS-CECR2-1 is a chemical probe.
Chlorphenesin is a reversible antigen-associated immunosuppressant. Chlorphenesin is an antibacterial and antifungal agent used in numerous eye care cosmetics .
Acloproxalap is a quinoline-based aldehyde scavenger that can be used in studies of diseases with toxic aldehyde accumulation, such as inflammatory diseases of the eye and skin, respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, organ diseases, and viral infection-related syndromes .
Tivanisiran (SYL1001) is a siRNA used for the study of dry eye disease. Tivanisiran was designed to silence transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) mRNA .
trans-Latanoprost (5,6-trans-Latanoprost) is the trans isomer of Latanoprost (HY-B0577). trans-Latanoprost is promising for research of glaucoma and high eye pressure .
Quininib is a cysteinyl leukotriene 1 and 2 receptor antagonist with IC50s of 1.2 and 52 μM for CysLT1R and CysLT2R, respectively. Quininib is a potent inhibitor of developmental angiogenesis in the zebrafish eye. Quininib can be used for the research of ocular neovascular pathologies and may complement current anti-VEGF biological agents .
Hyaluronic acid (sodium) (MW 5000) is a biopolymer composed of repeating disaccharide units with a molecular weight of 5000. Hyaluronic acid (sodium) (MW 5000) can be used for dry-eye syndrome research .
Pholedrine hydrochloride, the main metabolite of methamphetamine, is an indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine. Pholedrine hydrochloride is a cardiovascular agent exerting hypertensive and adrenergic effects. Pholedrine hydrochloride can produce mydriatic response and allow localization of the site of the interruption in the oculosympathetic pathway. Pholedrine hydrochloride can be used as a topical eye drop and a diagnostic agent for use in Horner's syndrome .
Tropicamide-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tropicamide . Tropicamide (Ro 1-7683) is a selective M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Tropicamide produces short acting mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia when applied as eye drops .
Tanfanercept (HL036337) is an TNF-α receptor fusion protein that targets TNF-α. Tanfanercept is effective in ameliorating corneal erosions in a dry eye (DE) mouse model .
Dapiprazole is a potent, selective and orally active alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist. Dapiprazole suppresses the opioid withdrawal symptoms. Dapiprazole is also used as eye drops for reversing mydriasis .
Fluorometholone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fluorometholone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fluorometholone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Fluorometholone can be used for the research of dry eye .
HR97 TFA is a cell-penetrating peptide that can be combined with engineered melanin to prepare eye drops HR97-SunitiGel. The peptide-drug conjugate in HR97-SunitiGel can provide sustained ocular drug delivery .
EYE-002 is a RPE65 inhibitor with an IC50 of 69 nM. EYE-002 promotes recovery of scotopic ERG a-/b-wave amplitudes. EYE-002 regulates the visual cycle in mice by reducing 11-cis-retinal (11cRAL) (HY-116711) synthesis and increasing all-trans-retinyl esters (atREs). EYE-002 exerts protective effects against photic retinal damage in mice. EYE-002 can be used for the study of visual cycle-associated retinopathies, such as Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) .
EYE-003 is an orally active RPE65 inhibitor with an IC50 of 102 nM. EYE-003 regulates the visual cycle in mice by reducing 11-cis-retinal (11cRAL) (HY-116711) synthesis and increasing all-trans-retinyl esters (atREs). EYE-003 suppresses scotopic ERG b-wave amplitude and exerts protective effects against retinal degeneration in Abca4 ⁻/⁻ Rdh8 ⁻/⁻ mice (a STGD1 model) by reducing retinal autofluorescent puncta and preserving outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness in a dose-dependent manner. EYE-003 can be used for the study of visual cycle-associated retinopathies, such as Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) .
Hydroxyamphetamine (4-Hydroxyamphetamine) is a sympathomimetic agent, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Hydroxyamphetamine can be used in eye drops to dilate the pupil .
Hydroxyamphetamine (4-Hydroxyamphetamine) hydrobromide is a sympathomimetic agent, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Hydroxyamphetamine hydrobromide can be used in eye drops to dilate the pupil .
Loteprednol is a synthetic corticosteroid that belongs to a family of glucocorticoids. Loteprednol has anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and immunosuppressive activities. Loteprednol can be used to study eye inflammation .
Elegrobart is an immunoglobulin G1-κ monoclonal antibody targeting the human insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). Elegrobart is promising for research of diseases associated with abnormal IGF1R signaling, especially thyroid eye disease .
Lifitegrast (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lifitegrast. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Ganglioside GT1b (porcine) ammonium is a member of the ganglioside family. Ganglioside GT1b (porcine) ammonium acts as a protective signal against nerve injury-induced spinal synapse elimination. Ganglioside GT1b (porcine) ammonium induces HA synthesis and the phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR in orbital fibroblasts. Ganglioside GT1b (porcine) ammonium enhances porcine oocyte maturation and induces activation of EGFR and ERK1/2 signaling. Ganglioside GT1b (porcine) ammonium is a putative host cell receptor for the Merkel cell polyomavirus. Ganglioside GT1b (porcine) ammonium can be used for the researches of cancer, infection, immunology, endocrinology and neurological disease, such as Thyroid eye disease .
Proparacaine (Hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Proparacaine (Hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Proparacaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks voltage-gated sodium channels on neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting signal conduction and nociceptive signal transmission. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks nociceptive signals in the eye and induces ocular muscle relaxation to reduce eye movement during surgery. Proparacaine hydrochloride is used in research related to cataracts.
L-Val-P is a potent leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) inhibitor with a Ki of 0.15 μM. L-Val-P is promising for research of HIV infection, inflammation, eye lens cataract and cancer .
Diquafosol (INS365 free base) is a potent P2Y2 agonist. Diquafosol nhibits apoptosis and decreases ROS generation. Diquafosol has the potential for the research of dry eye .
Immune cell migration-IN-1 (compound 2) is a potent agent to inhibit immune cell migration. Immune cell migration-IN-1 can be used for research in alleviating dry eye diseases, eczema dermatitis and psoriasis .
hCAII-IN-10 (compound 11d) is hCA II inhibitor with the IC50s of 14 nM and 29.2 μM for hCA II and hCA I, respectively. hCAII-IN-10 inhibits cell growth against HT-29 cells with the IC50 of 74 μM. hCAII-IN-10 shows strongly lowered intraocular pressure in the glaucomatous rabbit eye model .
Apraclonidine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Apraclonidine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO 2145), a selective α2 and weak α1 receptor agonist activity, effectively lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) in human eyes. Apraclonidine hydrochloride is a topical ophthalmic solution and has the ability to elevate the eye lid .
Cetalkonium (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cetalkonium (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cetalkonium chloride is an ammonium antiseptic agent used in many topical agents for infections of mouth, throat and eye. Cetalkonium chloride acts as anti-inflammatory amphiphilic agent. Cetalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, that improves the precorneal residence time and bioavailability of drugs. Cetalkonium chloride interacts with the negative charges on the bacterial cell membrane, disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, causes leakage of cell contents and ultimately leading to bacterial death .
Pholedrine, the main metabolite of methamphetamine, is an indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine. Pholedrine is a cardiovascular agent exerting hypertensive and adrenergic effects. Pholedrine can produce mydriatic response and allow localization of the site of the interruption in the oculosympathetic pathway. Pholedrine can be used as a topical eye drop and a diagnostic agent for use in Horner's syndrome .
15-keto Latanoprost is a potential metabolite of latanoprost (HY-B0577) when administered to animals. 15-keto Latanoprost is also one of the common minor impurities found in commercial preparations of the bulk drug compound. Although much less potent that the parent compound latanoprost, 15-keto latanoprost still retains the ability to produce a small but measurable decrease (1 mm Hg) in the intraocular pressure of normal cynomolgus monkeys when administered at a dose of 1 μg/eye.1 15-keto Latanoprost is also a miotic in the normal cat eye, causing an 8 mm Hg reduction in pupillary diameter at 5 μg/eye. Again, this is not as potent as many other F-type prostaglandins; for example, prostaglandin F2α will produce this degree of miosis at a dose of less than 1 μg/eye.
RASP-IN-1 (compound A) is a lipophili ccompound used for macular degeneration inhibition. RASP-IN-1 is biologically active in the retina of the rabbit's eye. Thirty minutes after IP treatment with 14C-RASP-IN-1 (10 mg/kg)，the Cmax amount of 14C-RASP-IN-1 in the posterior eye cup is 14.36 μg/g in mice model .
Lufepirsen sodium is an unmodified antisense oligonucleotide targeted to Connexin43 (Cx43). Connexin43 is a specific protein in the eye, which plays a role in wound healing.
Bimatoprost-d4 is the deuterium labeled Bimatoprost. Bimatoprost is a prostaglandin analog used topically (as eye drops) to control the progression of glaucoma and in the management of ocular hypertension.
Lufepirsen is an unmodified antisense oligonucleotide targeted to Connexin43 (Cx43). Connexin43 is a specific protein in the eye, which plays a role in wound healing.
Acetyl methylene blue can be used to synthesize mitochondrial development stimulators, which can be used for eye diseases related to insufficient mitochondrial function in nerve cells .
Racanisodamine is one of the racemic isomers of anisodamine, resembles anisodamine in pharmacological effect. Racanisodamine is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, used as a component of eye drops for myopic control .
(±)-Pellotine hydrochloride (Compound 2) is an alkaloid, which is found in L. diffusa and L. fricii. (±)-Pellotine hydrochloride decreases locomotor activity and the amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in mice .
Homatropine hydrochloride is an orally active anticholinergic agent that rapidly dilates pupils and has cycloplegic effects. Homatropine hydrochloride also has antitussive activity. Homatropine hydrochloride can be used in research on eye diseases and coughs .
Dichlorphenamide (Diclofenamide) disodium is an orally active, specific, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Dichlorphenamide can reduce intraocular pressure by inhibiting the secretion of water from the eye. Dichlorphenamide can be used for glaucoma research .
Chlorphenesin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chlorphenesin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chlorphenesin is a reversible antigen-associated immunosuppressant. Chlorphenesin is an antibacterial and antifungal agent used in numerous eye care cosmetics .
Chlorphenesin-d5 is the deuterium labeled Chlorphenesin (HY-A0133). Chlorphenesin is a reversible antigen-associated immunosuppressant. Chlorphenesin is an antibacterial and antifungal agent used in numerous eye care cosmetics .
Micronomicin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Micronomicin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Micronomicin (Gentamicin C2b) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, with antibacterial and bactericidal activities .
LDH-IN-3 (compound E38) is an inhibitor of LDH, promising protective agent for ischemic nerve damage in the eye and brain. LDH-IN-3 acts its function via HO-1/SIRT1 pathway. .
Homatropine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Homatropine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Homatropine hydrochloride is an orally active anticholinergic agent that rapidly dilates pupils and has cycloplegic effects. Homatropine hydrochloride also has antitussive activity. Homatropine hydrochloride can be used in research on eye diseases and coughs .
Homatropine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Homatropine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Homatropine hydrochloride is an orally active anticholinergic agent that rapidly dilates pupils and has cycloplegic effects. Homatropine hydrochloride also has antitussive activity. Homatropine hydrochloride can be used in research on eye diseases and coughs .
Hydroxyamphetamine (4-Hydroxyamphetamine) hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic agent, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Hydroxyamphetamine hydrochloride can be used in eye drops to dilate the pupil .
UAMC-00050 free base is a potent trypsin-like serine protease inhibitor. UAMC-00050 free base can be used in research of dry eye syndrome and ocular inflammation .
TOP1362 is a narrow spectrum kinase inhibitor. TOP1362 is a potent inhibitor of P38-α and Syk kinases with Kd values of 26 and 18 nM, respectively and an IC50 of 14 nM in the Src kinase activity assay. TOP1362 potently inhibits P38-α, Src and Syk. TOP1362 can be used in the research of dry eye syndrome .
Proparacaine (Proxymetacaine) is a local anesthetic. Proparacaine blocks voltage-gated sodium channels on neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting signal conduction and nociceptive signal transmission. Proparacaine blocks nociceptive signals in the eye and induces ocular muscle relaxation to reduce eye movement during surgery. Proparacaine is used in research related to cataracts .
BI-1124 is a cathepsin S inhibitor that exhibits simulated sufficient ocular pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic coverage in rabbit models via topical ocular administration. BI-1124 can be used for the research of age-related dry eye disease .
Aminozolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Aminozolamide regulates intraocular pressure by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase activity. Aminozolamide exerts local ocular effects, exhibits good retention in the ciliary body of rabbit eyes, and prevents rapid elimination from the eye. Aminozolamide is applicable to the research of ocular hypertension .
Reproxalap (Standard) (ADX-102 (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Reproxalap (HY-107150). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Reproxalap (ADX-102) is an active aldehyde sequestering agent. Reproxalap reduces the PKCα activity. Reproxalap blocks caspase 3/7 activation. Reproxalap protects cells from the cytotoxicity of C18:0-al. Reproxalap has anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects. Reproxalap is used in studies of dry eye, allergic conjunctivitis, and non-infectious anterior uveitis .
Recoflavone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Recoflavone (HY-106449). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Recoflavone (DA-6034 (free acid)), a synthetic derivative of the flavonoid Eupatilin (HY-N0783), is orally active. Recoflavone can inhibit the NF-κB pathway and induce [Ca(2+)]i increase in epithelial cells. Recoflavone exhibits activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor effects, protection of gastric and intestinal mucosa, and promotion of secretion in the ocular surface and salivary glands. Recoflavone can be used for the research of diseases such as dry eye, gastric injury, and intestinal injury .
Basimglurant (RG7090; RO4917523) sulfate is a selective, orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable negative allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), with a Ki of 1.4 nM (against [ 3H]-ABP688 (HY-110141)) and 35.6 nM (against [ 3H]-MPEP (HY-14609A)). Basimglurant sulfate inhibits mGlu5-mediated signaling pathways and receptor constitutive activity, regulates dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, exerts anxiolytic, antidepressant-like, analgesic and arousal-promoting effects, and alters δ-wave power during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Basimglurant sulfate can be used in research on depression, fragile X syndrome, anxiety disorders, etc .
KR-67607 is a selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 4.8 nM against h11β-HSD1 and 7.1 nM against mouse 11β-HSD1. KR-67607 inhibits stress-induced Glucocorticoid receptor nuclear translocation, reduces cortisol levels, suppresses the expression of ROS and proinflammatory cytokines, and enhances Nrf-2-mediated antioxidant gene transcription. KR-67607 maintains trabecular meshwork structure and reverses elevated intraocular pressure. KR-67607 improves ocular antioxidant activity and mucus secretion, reverses ocular surface damage, and prevents ischemia-reperfusion induced ocular injury. KR-67607 can be used in research related to glaucoma and dry eye disease .
3-Methyl-3-buten-1-ol (Methallylcarbinol), a semiterpenoid alcohol, is an aggregation pheromone that can be found in the venom glands of the European hornet (Vespa crabro) and our-eyed spruce bark beetle .
Eukovoside is a cinnamic acid derivative found in Euphrasia regelii with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiallergic, and antihistamine activity. Eukovoside can be used for the research of hyperglycemic diseases, eye inflammation, upper respiratory passages inflammation, hay fever, conjunctivitis, colds, influenza, sinusitis .
Aftobetin is a non-invasive molecular probe used for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aftobetin can specifically bind to the aggregated β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the lens of the eye, enabling the early diagnosis of AD through a rapid and painless detection method .
Tropicamide (Ro 1-7683) is a selective M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. When used as an eye drop, Tropicamide causes short-term mydriasis (pupil dilation) and cycloplegia. Tropicamide can be used in the research of neurological diseases, such as epilepsy .
Dichlorphenamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dichlorphenamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dichlorphenamide (Diclofenamide) is an orally active, specific, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Dichlorphenamide can reduce intraocular pressure by inhibiting the secretion of water from the eye. Dichlorphenamide can be used for glaucoma research .
Namirotene (CBS-211A) is a retinoic acid analog, which is utilized in topical eye administration. Namirotene enhances 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced cytotoxicity in cell U937 and induces the differentation in U937 .
JAK-IN-30 (compound 31) is a water-soluble JAK inhibitor with IC50 values of 2, 15, 18 and 2 nM for JAK2, JAK1, JAK3 and TYK2, respectively. JAK-IN-30 has research potential for dry eye disease (DED) .
Tropicamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tropicamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tropicamide (Ro 1-7683) is a selective M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Tropicamide produces short acting mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia when applied as eye drops .
AM679 is a potent, selective 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 2 nM in a human FLAP membrane binding assay. AM679 markedly reduces the respiratory syncytial virus-driven ocular pathology as well as the synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) in the eye .
Ruboxistaurin (LY333531) mesylate is an orally active, selective and ATP competitive PKCβ inhibitor with IC50 values of 4.7 and 5.9 nM for PKCβI and PKCβII, respectively. Ruboxistaurin mesylate can be used for the research of eye disorders, heart failure and diabetes .
1,4-Dibromobenzene-d4 is a deuterium labeled 1,4-Dibromobenzene. 1,4-Dibromobenzene is used as a fumigant and as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals. Inhalation exposure gives rise to dizziness and chokingwhereas contact with skin or eye produces inflammation and burning in humans .
JAK-IN-10 is a JAK inhibitor. JAK-IN-10 can be used for the research of dry eye disorders . JAK-IN-10 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
15-keto-17-phenyl trinor Prostaglandin F2α (15-keto-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α) is an F-series prostaglandin (PG) analog. The potential metabolite of 15-keto-17-phenyl trinor Prostaglandin F2α in animals is 15-keto PG. 15-keto PG can slightly reduce the intraocular pressure (1 mm Hg) in normal cynomolgus monkeys when administered at a dose of 1 μg/eye. 15-keto-17-phenyl trinor Prostaglandin F2α is a miotic agent in cats, reducing the pupil diameter by 8 mm at a dose of 5 μg/eye.
VRDN-002 is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting IGF1R/CD221. VRDN-002 reduces inflammation and proptosis in thyroid eye disease (TED). VPI-2690B can be used in Graves ophthalmopathy research .
Dapiprazole (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dapiprazole (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dapiprazole hydrochloride is a potent, selective and orally active alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist. Dapiprazole hydrochloride suppresses the opioid withdrawal symptoms. Dapiprazole hydrochloride is also used as eye drops for reversing mydriasis .
Human PAX6 mRNA encodes the human paired box 6 (PAX6) protein, a member of the paired box (PAX) family. PAX6 may play an important role in the development of the eye, nose, central nervous system and pancreas. It is also required for the differentiation of pancreatic islet alpha cells.
ent-Levobunolol ((R)-Bunolol) hydrochloride is a competitive β-adrenergic receptor blocker. ent-Levobunolol hydrochloride inhibits the transmission of sympathetic nerve impulses, reduces the production of aqueous humor, and constricts blood vessels in the eye, thereby reducing intraocular pressure. ent-Levobunolol hydrochloride is promising for research of ocular hypertension diseases such as glaucoma .
(2R,3R)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanoic acid, also known as erythronic acid, is a naturally occurring organic acid found in the aqueous humor of the eye, as well as in urine, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and synovial fluid, prevalent in both healthy adults and children; it is produced through the oxidation of GlcNAc.
OT-551 (free base) is a lipophilic, disubstituted hydroxylamine with antioxidant properties. OT-551 can be used as an eye drop and can be converted by intraocular esterases to its active metabolite, Tempol-H (TP-H). OT-551 can be utilized in geographic atrophy and macular degeneration research .
Amido Black 10B (Naphthol Blue Black) is a highly toxic azo dye. Amido Black 10B is genotoxic and mutagenic. Amido Black 10B can cause respiratory problems. Amido Black 10B is used for amino acid dyeing .
Verteporfin (CL 318952) is a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy to eliminate the abnormal blood vessels in the eye associated with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration. Verteporfin is a YAP inhibitor which disrupts YAP-TEAD interactions. Verteporfin induces cell apoptosis . Verteporfinis an autophagy inhibitor that blocks autophagy at an early stage by inhibiting autophagosome formation .
Vezocolmitide (ST-100) is a collagen mimetic peptide. Vezocolmitide can rapidly repair damaged collagen triple helix structures, thereby quickly reversing damage to the ocular surface and extracellular matrix, and restoring corneal nerve function while repairing the epithelium. Vezocolmitide can be used for research of dry eye disease (DED) .
GNE-886 (Compound 21) is a potent and selective inhibitor of Cat eye syndrome chromosome region candidate 2 bromodomain (CECR2) (BRD) with an IC50 value of 0.016 µM and an EC50 value of 370 nM. GNE-886 also inhibits BRD9 with an IC50 value of 1.6 µM .
IMS2186 is an anti-choroidal neovascularization (CNV) agent that inhibits angiogenesis upstream of VEGF. IMS2186 can arrest cancer cell cycle in G2/M phase, thus exerting anti-proliferation and anti-angiogenesis effects. IMS2186 has no intraocular toxicity and reduces the amount of eye leakage and diseased cells .
Cholesteryl palmitate is the main cholesterol ester found in human blephariol and has been used to form a stable tear film to study amphiphilic block copolymers as surfactants for dry eye syndrome. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a predictor of fetal lung maturity. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a prognostic biomarker for chronic interstitial pneumonia .
Verteporfin liposome is a liposome-encapsulated form of Verteporfin (HY-B0146). Verteporfin is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy to eliminate abnormal blood vessels in the eye associated with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration. Verteporfin liposome prolongs drug circulation time and provides slow release, allowing the drug to accumulate in newly formed blood vessels.
Prostaglandin F2α 1,11-lactone is a prostaglandin. Prostaglandin F2α 1,11-lactone is absorbed by the eye. Prostaglandin F2α 1,11-Lactone has metabolic stability on the corneal surface and conjunctiva. Prostaglandin F2α 1,11-lactone can be used in the treatment of glaucoma .
Hexazinone is a triazinone herbicide with high mobility and persistence in soil. Hexazinone is mainly degraded by soil microorganisms, and its degradation and mineralization processes are significantly affected by soil texture (faster in clay loam) and application method (mixed application can improve its bioavailability and mineralization rate). Hexazinone exhibits mild to moderate acute oral toxicity and has significant eye irritation .
Idoxuridine (5-Iodo-2′-deoxyuridine, 5-IUdR, IdUrd) hydrate is an iodinated thymidine analogue that competitively inhibits phosphorylases. Idoxuridine can inhibit viral activity, particularly viral eye infections, including herpes simplex keratitis, by inhibiting DNA polymerase and affecting viral replication. Idoxuridine against feline herpesvirus has the IC50 value of 4.3 μM .
Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. Ethacrynic acid is an orally active diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) and Wnt signaling pathways. Ethacrynic acid is a radiosensitizer. Ethacrynic acid can inhibit airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction in mice. Ethacrynic acid can increase the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye for the study of glaucoma .
Hydroxynaphthol Blue is an azo dye and serves as a metal indicator. Hydroxynaphthol Blue binds to specific metal ions to form stable complexes with distinct color and fluorescence properties. Hydroxynaphthol Blue is used for the visual monitoring of isothermal nucleic acid amplification results. A visible color difference appears between positive and negative nucleic acid amplification reactions, allowing result discrimination by the naked eye without opening the reaction tube .
Aceclidine (Quinuclidin-3-yl acetate) is a modulator of M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor and a M1 receptor agonist (EC50: 40 μM). Aceclidine is a cycloplegic agent, a surfactant, a tonicity adjustor and optionally a viscosity enhancer and an antioxidant. Aceclidine has the potential for the research of disorders such as refractive errors of the eye, xerostomia, Sjogren's syndrome, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, lacrimal gland disease, and esotropia .
Alcaftadine (R89674) is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, which is used to prevent eye irritation brought on by allergic conjunctivitis. Alcaftadine is a broad-spectrum antihistamine displaying a high affinity for histamine H1 and H2 receptors and a lower affinity for H4 receptors. Alcaftadine also exhibits modulatory action on immune cell recruitment and mast cell stabilizing effects .
Esculin is a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, the active ingredient in ash bark. Esculin has antidiabetic effects, improves cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN) via the MAPK signaling pathway, and exerts antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory effects. Esculin also has anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, antithrombotic, and therapeutic properties for eye diseases .
Aceclidine (Quinuclidin-3-yl acetate) hydrochloride is a modulator of M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor and a M1 receptor agonist (EC50: 40 μM). Aceclidine hydrochloride is a cycloplegic agent, a surfactant, a tonicity adjustor and optionally a viscosity enhancer and an antioxidant. Aceclidine hydrochloride has the potential for the research of disorders such as refractive errors of the eye, xerostomia, Sjogren's syndrome, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, lacrimal gland disease, and esotropia .
Cholesteryl palmitate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cholesteryl palmitate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cholesteryl palmitate is the main cholesterol ester found in human blephariol and has been used to form a stable tear film to study amphiphilic block copolymers as surfactants for dry eye syndrome. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a predictor of fetal lung maturity. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a prognostic biomarker for chronic interstitial pneumonia.
Verteporfin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Verteporfin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Verteporfin (CL 318952) is a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy to eliminate the abnormal blood vessels in the eye associated with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration. Verteporfin is a YAP inhibitor which disrupts YAP-TEAD interactions. Verteporfin induces cell apoptosis . Verteporfinis an autophagy inhibitor that blocks autophagy at an early stage by inhibiting autophagosome formation .
SU9518 is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with specific activity against PDGFRα. SU9518 can inhibit the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in fibroblast and Muller cell rabbit models. SU9518 showed effective inhibitory effects in these models without toxic effects. Therefore, SU9518 has the potential to be used to inhibit PVR in humans and other proliferative eye diseases involving fibrosis and gliosis .
Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) is an orally active, high-affinity, and selective orexin-2 receptor (OX2R) antagonist (pKi values of 8.0 and 8.1 for human and rat OX2R). Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) crosses the blood-brain barrier and quickly occupies OX2R binding sites in the rat brain .
Seltorexant hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Seltorexant (hydrochloride) (HY-109012A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Seltorexant hydrochloride (JNJ-42847922 hydrochloride) is an orally active, high-affinity, and selective OX2R antagonist (pKi values of 8.0 and 8.1 for human and rat OX2R). Seltorexant hydrochloride crosses the blood-brain barrier and quickly occupies OX2R binding sites in the rat brain .
Seltorexant (Standard) is the analytical standard of Seltorexant (HY-109012). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) is an orally active, high-affinity, and selective orexin-2 receptor (OX2R) antagonist (pKi values of 8.0 and 8.1 for human and rat OX2R). Seltorexant (JNJ-42847922) crosses the blood-brain barrier and quickly occupies OX2R binding sites in the rat brain .
Apraclonidine (ALO 2145 (free base)), a selective α2 and weak α1 receptor agonist activity, effectively low intraocular pressure (IOP) in human eyes. Apraclonidine hydrochloride is a topical ophthalmic solution .
Seltorexant hydrochloride (JNJ-42847922 hydrochloride) is an orally active, high-affinity, and selective OX2R antagonist (pKi values of 8.0 and 8.1 for human and rat OX2R). Seltorexant hydrochloride crosses the blood-brain barrier and quickly occupies OX2R binding sites in the rat brain .
Idoxuridine (5-Iodo-2′-deoxyuridine, 5-IUdR, IdUrd) is an iodinated thymidine analogue that competitively inhibits phosphorylases. Idoxuridine can inhibit viral activity, particularly viral eye infections, including herpes simplex keratitis, by inhibiting DNA polymerase and affecting viral replication. Idoxuridine against feline herpesvirus has the IC50 value of 4.3 μM . Idoxuridine shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
Hexazinone-d6 is the deuterium labeled Hexazinone. Hexazinone is a triazinone herbicide with high mobility and persistence in soil. Hexazinone is mainly degraded by soil microorganisms, and its degradation and mineralization processes are significantly affected by soil texture (faster in clay loam) and application method (mixed application can improve its bioavailability and mineralization rate). Hexazinone exhibits mild to moderate acute oral toxicity and has significant eye irritation .
Tetracaine (Amethocaine) is a sodium channel inhibitor and ryanodine receptor (RyR) inhibitor. Tetracaine blocks sodium conduction across nerve cell membranes, preventing rapid sodium ion influx and depolarization. Tetracaine exhibits biphasic effects on spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ release in Ca 2+-overloaded ventricular myocytes, and increases sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ load. Tetracaine can be used in research related to eye diseases .
Lutein (Xanthophyll) is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health . Lutein exerts its biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidase and anti-apoptosis, through effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) . Lutein is able to arrive in the brain and shows antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Lutein is orally active .
Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) is an orally active PPARα activator. Perfluorononanoic acid activates PPARα-mediated gene expression, including upregulating target genes associated with lipid metabolism and triglyceride storage. Perfluorononanoic acid exhibits certain developmental and reproductive toxicity. Perfluorononanoic acid causes hepatomegaly in pregnant mice, induces high postnatal mortality in neonatal mice, and leads to dose-dependent delays in eye-opening time and puberty onset in mouse offspring .
Alcaftadine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Alcaftadine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Alcaftadine (R89674) is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, which is used to prevent eye irritation brought on by allergic conjunctivitis. Alcaftadine is a broad-spectrum antihistamine displaying a high affinity for histamine H1 and H2 receptors and a lower affinity for H4 receptors. Alcaftadine also exhibits modulatory action on immune cell recruitment and mast cell stabilizing effects .
Esculin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Esculin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Esculin is a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, the active ingredient in ash bark. Esculin has antidiabetic effects, improves cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN) via the MAPK signaling pathway, and exerts antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory effects. Esculin also has anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, antithrombotic, and therapeutic properties for eye diseases .
Lifitegrast-d4-1 is deuterium labeled Lifitegrast. Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Hexazinone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hexazinone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hexazinone is a triazinone herbicide with high mobility and persistence in soil. Hexazinone is mainly degraded by soil microorganisms, and its degradation and mineralization processes are significantly affected by soil texture (faster in clay loam) and application method (mixed application can improve its bioavailability and mineralization rate). Hexazinone exhibits mild to moderate acute oral toxicity and has significant eye irritation .
Immune cell migration-IN-2 is a potent immune cell migration inhibitor with an EC50 of 13.5 nM in a T-cell adhesion assay. Immune cell migration-IN-2 is extracted from patent WO2019001171, example 11, can be used for dry-eye and other retinal diseases research . Immune cell migration-IN-2 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Idoxuridine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Idoxuridine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Idoxuridine (5-Iodo-2′-deoxyuridine, 5-IUdR, IdUrd) is an iodinated thymidine analogue that competitively inhibits phosphorylases. Idoxuridine can inhibit viral activity, particularly viral eye infections, including herpes simplex keratitis, by inhibiting DNA polymerase and affecting viral replication. Idoxuridine against feline herpesvirus has the IC50 value of 4.3 μM . Idoxuridine shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
Poloxamer 124 L44 is a block polymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene and a hydrophobic surfactant. Poloxamer 124 L44 causes eye irritation and exhibits oral toxicity in albino rats with an LD50 of 5 g/kg. Poloxamer 124 L44 has reversible adverse effects on triglyceride and cholesterol transport in the lymphatic system of rats. Poloxamer 124 L44 can form thermoreversible hydrogels and is used as a food additive and as a drug delivery vehicle in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and tissue engineering[1][2][3].
Patent Blue V calcium salt is a triarylmethane dye used for tissue staining and lymphatic tracing, mainly applied by topical injection or eye drops. Patent Blue V calcium salt has affinity for specific tissues (such as corneal endothelium, lymphatic system), and stains the target structure by adsorption or binding, assisting in precise operation during surgery. Patent Blue V calcium salt is mainly used in ophthalmic surgery (such as graft staining for Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty) and lymphatic drainage localization for sentinel lymph node biopsy of tumors .
Tetra-sulfo-Cy7 DBCO is a bright and photostable near-IR probe. The Cy7 DBCO is water-soluble, hydrophilic dye often a reagent of choice for assay where minimal non-specific binding and exceptional brightness is required. The fluorescence of Cy7 DBCO is pH insensitive from pH 4 to pH 10 and produces minimal autofluorescence of biological specimens in this region of the spectrum. Fluorescence of this long-wavelength Cyanine dye is not visible to the human eye but is readily detected by most imaging systems.
Chloramphenicol palmitate is an orally active prodrug of Chloramphenicol (HY-B0239), obtained from the esterification reaction between the agent and Palmitic acid (HY-N0830). Chloramphenicol palmitate is rapidly and completely hydrolyzed by intestinal esterase, releasing Chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is an orally effective broad-spectrum antibiotic .
9-cis-β-Carotene, a precursor of retinal, is cleaved by beta-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCMO1) to produce 9-cis-retinal. 9-cis-β-Carotene inhibits photoreceptor degeneration and restores retinal function in vivo. 9-cis-β-Carotene has the potential for the study of congenital stationary night blindness and fundus albipunctatus .
Lifitegrast-d6 (SAR 1118-d6) is deuterium labeled Lifitegrast. Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Lifitegrast-d4 (SAR 1118-d4) is deuterium labeled Lifitegrast. Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Cetalkonium-d5 chloride (Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium-d5 chloride) is the deuterium labeled Cetalkonium chloride (HY-B1597). Cetalkonium chloride is an ammonium antiseptic agent used in many topical agents for infections of mouth, throat and eye. Cetalkonium chloride acts as anti-inflammatory amphiphilic agent. Cetalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, that improves the precorneal residence time and bioavailability of drugs. Cetalkonium chloride interacts with the negative charges on the bacterial cell membrane, disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, causes leakage of cell contents and ultimately leading to bacterial death .
Latanoprostene bunod (NCX116; LBN) is a nitric oxide-releasing prostaglandin F2α analog. Latanoprostene bunod is a prodrug that, upon instillation into the eye, is hydrolyzed by corneal esterases into two active metabolites: Latanoprost (HY-B0577) and NO. Latanoprost activates the prostaglandin FP receptor to increase the outflow of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral pathway. NO increases aqueous humor drainage through the trabecular meshwork pathway, achieving synergistic enhancement targeting the dual pathways of aqueous humor outflow. Latanoprostene bunod can be used in research related to open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension .
Cemtirestat (CMTI) is a carboxymethylated thiatriazinoindole inhibitor of aldose reductase (ALR2). Cemtirestat potently inhibits rat ocular lens ALR2 with an IC50 of 0.116 μM, and exhibits a 302-fold selectivity for rat kidney ALR1. Cemtirestat is applicable to the research of advanced diabetic complications .
CTC 96 is an antiviral agent, showing inhibitory effects particularly on herpes viruses and adenoviruses. CTC 96 directly blocks the fusion process between the viral envelope and the cell membrane, preventing the entry of viral nucleic acids and proteins into the cells. CTC 96 can completely block the penetration and intercellular transmission of HSV-1, preventing the synthesis of viral proteins and mRNA. CTC 96 exhibits significant anti-adenovirus activity in rabbit eye models. CTC 96 is also effective against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). CTC 96 can be used for broad-spectrum antiviral research .
Lonigutamab (hz208F2-4) is a humanized anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibody, serveing as a targeting vector for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Lonigutamab causes G2-M phase cell cycle arrest and increases apoptosis in IGF-1R-overexpressing tumor cells. Lonigutamab demonstrates potent antitumor efficacy in IGF-1R-overexpressing xenograft models. Lonigutamab can be used for the study of Solid tumors with overexpression of IGF-1R and thyroid eye
diseases .
Navamepent is an analog of naturally occurring resolvin E1 (a major dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty-acid metabolite) with potent anti-inflammatory and cell survival benefits. Navamepent is highly effective against dry eye and goblet cell loss thereby accelerating tear production. Also, Navamepent can reduce corneal inflammation, epithelial damage, and accelerate corneal tissue repair. In addition, Navamepent can inhibit the release of several key proinflammatory mediators from corneal epithelial cells. Navamepent is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Trisulfo-Cy3-Alkyne is a water soluble cyanine linker containing an alkyne group, which enables Click Chemistry to attach trisulfo-Cy3 to various azide-bearing molecules. Trisulfo-Cyanine3 is a fluorophore which is compatible with a wide range of fluorescent scanners, imagers, microscopes, etc. It is a bright and photostable dye and can be easily detected in gels by naked eye in low amounts (nmol). Reagent grade, for research use only . Trisulfo-Cy3-Alkyne is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Latanoprostene bunod (NCX116; LBN) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Latanoprostene bunod. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Latanoprostene bunod is a nitric oxide-releasing prostaglandin F2α analog. Latanoprostene bunod is a prodrug that, upon instillation into the eye, is hydrolyzed by corneal esterases into two active metabolites: Latanoprost (HY-B0577) and NO. Latanoprost activates the prostaglandin FP receptor to increase the outflow of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral pathway. NO increases aqueous humor drainage through the trabecular meshwork pathway, achieving synergistic enhancement targeting the dual pathways of aqueous humor outflow. Latanoprostene bunod can be used in research related to open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) Fluorescein is a classic fluorescent label that specifically binds to sugar residues such as N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylneuraminic acid and sialic acid. Wheat Germ Agglutinin Fluorescein performs regionally differential fluorescent staining of the ocular surface epithelial glycocalyx to assess its integrity, and causes no damage to the eye at safe concentrations. Wheat Germ Agglutinin Fluorescein is also used for staining structures including red blood cells, cultured cells, bacteria and pine wood nematodes, and facilitates the isolation of wheat-associated plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains. Wheat Germ Agglutinin Fluorescein can be applied to the detection of ocular glycocalyx integrity and the research of related diseases such as pine wilt disease .
2''-O-Galloylhyperin is an active natural compound with anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‑adipogenic, antifibrotic, and cytostatic activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin upregulates SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling, inhibits NF-κB and MAPK (ERK1/2, p38, JNK) phosphorylation, suppresses TSHR activation, reduces ROS accumulation, and enhances SOD and GSH-Px activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin protects against LPS-induced tissue injury, enhances survival, and inhibits adipogenesis and fibrosis. 2"-O-Galloylhyperin can be used for the research of sepsis, acute lung injury, and thyroid eye disease .
GW559090 is a selective, competitive, and high-affinity α4 integrin antagonist with a Kd of 0.19 nM for α4β1. GW559090 can effectively block the binding of α4β1 to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and fibronectin with IC50 values of 7.72 and 8.04 nM. GW559090 also inhibits the interaction between α4β7 and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) (IC50 = 23 nM). GW559090 can inhibit inflammatory infiltration in the eyes, repair the corneal barrier and restore the function of goblet cells. GW559090 can be used for research of Sjögren's syndrome associated dry eye .
Basimglurant (RG7090; RO4917523) is a selective, orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable negative allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), with a Ki of 1.4 nM (against [ 3H]-ABP688 (HY-110141)) and 35.6 nM (against [ 3H]-MPEP (HY-14609A)). Basimglurant inhibits mGlu5-mediated signaling pathways and receptor constitutive activity, regulates dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, exerts anxiolytic, antidepressant-like, analgesic and arousal-promoting effects, and alters δ-wave power during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Basimglurant can be used in research on depression, fragile X syndrome, anxiety disorders, etc .
Polyquaternium-1 (Polidronium chloride; PQ-1) is an antimicrobial preservative and an activator of NF-κB. Polyquaternium-1 targets bacterial cell membranes, commonly used in ophthalmic surgery. Polyquaternium-1 adsorbs to the surface of microbial membranes through its polycationic properties, destroying membrane integrity and inducing potassium ion leakage, leading to bacterial death. Polyquaternium-1 exerts antimicrobial effects at a concentration of 0.001% and has low toxicity to mammalian cells. Polyquaternium-1 can be used to prepare products such as glaucoma eye drops (Travoprost preparations containing PQ-1), artificial tears, and contact lens solutions to reduce the ocular surface toxicity of traditional preservatives such as benzalkonium chloride (HY-B2232) .
Betamethasone 17-Propionate is a compound used to study its effects on endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats. It has the activity of inhibiting the infiltration of cells into the aqueous humor in endotoxin-induced uveitis by eye drops and systemic administration at a certain dose. However, its inhibitory effect is relatively weak compared with some other compounds. At the same time, the dose for systemic administration is 1mg/kg. In addition, Betamethasone 17-Propionate has a weaker inhibitory effect on the release of IL-8 from rat peritoneal exudate cells in an in vitro interleukin-8 (IL-8) release assay than betamethasone. Moreover, the simultaneous addition of betamethasone dipropionate and betamethasone 17-Propionate reduces the inhibitory effect of betamethasone on cell infiltration and IL-1β gene expression.
Basimglurant (RG7090; RO4917523) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Basimglurant. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Basimglurant is a selective, orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable negative allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), with a Ki of 1.4 nM (against [ 3H]-ABP688 (HY-110141)) and 35.6 nM (against [ 3H]-MPEP (HY-14609A)). Basimglurant inhibits mGlu5-mediated signaling pathways and receptor constitutive activity, regulates dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, exerts anxiolytic, antidepressant-like, analgesic and arousal-promoting effects, and alters δ-wave power during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Basimglurant can be used in research on depression, fragile X syndrome, anxiety disorders, etc.
12(R)-HETE is a CYP-dependent arachidonic acid metabolite that acts as a proinflammatory lipid mediator. 12 (R)-HETE widely exists in various tissues including the eye, skin and liver. In the cornea, 12(R)-HETE is metabolized via pathways such as β-oxidation into the precursor of 12(R)-HETrE. Without direct receptor binding, 12(R)-HETE indirectly activates AHR-mediated target gene transcription, while inhibiting the enzymatic activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and the intracellular calcium elevation induced by TP agonists. 12(R)-HETE also possesses multiple physiological effects such as chemotaxis, proangiogenesis, vasodilation, natriuresis, diuresis and intraocular pressure reduction, and can be widely used in studies related to psoriasis, inflammatory skin diseases and ocular inflammation .
HMRef-βGal is a fluorescent probe and a substrate responsive to β-galactosidase (β-galactosidase) (Ex/Em=498 nm/505-600 nm). After being cleaved by β-galactosidase, HMRef-βGal triggers significant fluorescence enhancement via intramolecular spirocyclic function regulation. HMRef-βGal generates bright fluorescence in cancer cells with elevated β-galactosidase activity, enabling visualization of tiny peritoneal metastases in mouse models. HMRef-βGal exhibits low in vitro cytotoxicity and low acute in vivo toxicity in mice. HMRef-βGal can be used for preclinical fluorescence-guided diagnosis and cytoreductive surgery of peritoneal metastases, including compatibility with real-time naked-eye detection and endoscopic imaging, as well as for studies related to peritoneal metastases of ovarian cancer .
Conbercept (KH902) is a recombinant fusion protein composed of VEGFR-1 (second domain) and VEGFR-2 (third and fourth domains) regions fused to human IgG1 Fc. Conbercept is a VEGF inhibitor (IC50 = 8.8 pM) and is a soluble receptor decoy that blocks all isoforms of VEGF-A (Kd = 0.5 pM), VEGF-B (Kd = 8 pM), VEGF-C, and PlGF (Kd = 5 pM). Conbercept has anti-inflammatory effects, can lower the levels of VEGF, TNF-α and IL-6, and reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Conbercept decreases tumor growth in several oncology studies. Conbercept can be used for various eye diseases such as polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), diabetic macular edema (DME) and pathologic myopia choroidal neovascularization (pmCNV) .
Sunobinop (S 117957; IMB 115) is an orally active and blood-brain barrier-permeable selective partial agonist of the human nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP), which exhibits high affinity for human targets (Ki=3.3 nM; EC50=4.03 nM; Emax=47.8%) without activating μ and κ opioid receptors. Sunobinop significantly reduces wakefulness time and increases non-rapid eye movement sleep in rats by activating NOP receptors, and produces no significant side effects on learning, memory, reward, respiration or intestinal function at effective doses. Sunobinop displays competitive antagonist properties in specific signaling pathways, such as β-arrestin 2 recruitment. With these unique pharmacological properties, Sunobinop can be used to investigate insomnia, moderate-to-severe alcohol use disorder, and urinary incontinence caused by overactive bladder .
N-Benzyl-N, N-dimethyldodecan-1-aminium bromide, also known as Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC), is a quaternary ammonium compound widely used as an antimicrobial and surfactant in various industries. BAC is commonly used as a disinfectant and antiseptic in a variety of products including hand sanitizers, disinfectant wipes and eye drops. Its ability to kill bacteria, viruses and fungi makes it an effective tool in preventing the spread of infection. BAC is also used as a preservative and disinfectant in the food industry. It is added to food packaging and processing equipment to prevent the growth of microorganisms and increase the shelf life of foods. Additionally, BACs are found in many household products such as cleaning solutions, fabric softeners and personal care products. Its surfactant properties allow it to be used to reduce surface tension and increase the effectiveness of cleaning agents. Although BAC has many uses, ingestion or exposure to high concentrations of BAC can cause skin irritation and other adverse effects.
Sunobinop (S 117957) TFA is an orally active and blood-brain barrier-permeable selective partial agonist of the human nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP), which exhibits high affinity for human targets (Ki=3.3 nM; EC50=4.03 nM; Emax=47.8%) without activating μ and κ opioid receptors. Sunobinop TFA significantly reduces wakefulness time and increases non-rapid eye movement sleep in rats by activating NOP receptors, and produces no significant side effects on learning, memory, reward, respiration or intestinal function at effective doses. Sunobinop TFA displays competitive antagonist properties in specific signaling pathways, such as β-arrestin 2 recruitment. With these unique pharmacological properties, Sunobinop TFA can be used to investigate insomnia, moderate-to-severe alcohol use disorder, and urinary incontinence caused by overactive bladder .
2"-O-Galloylhyperin (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2"-O-Galloylhyperin (HY-N0526). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin is an active natural compound with anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‑adipogenic, antifibrotic, and cytostatic activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin upregulates SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling, inhibits NF-κB and MAPK (ERK1/2, p38, JNK) phosphorylation, suppresses TSHR activation, reduces ROS accumulation, and enhances SOD and GSH-Px activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin protects against LPS-induced tissue injury, enhances survival, and inhibits adipogenesis and fibrosis. 2"-O-Galloylhyperin can be used for the research of sepsis, acute lung injury, and thyroid eye disease .
Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size is a nitrate reductase modulator and growth promoter with plant stress resistance activity and oral toxicity. Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size acts as a nutrient source for maize plants. By enhancing nitrate reductase activity and reducing free proline levels, it significantly improves plant height, root length and dry matter weight of maize, and its growth-promoting effect is comparable to that of traditional zinc sulfate fertilizer. Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size induces anemia-related and persistent tissue inflammatory damage, leading to obvious histopathological adverse reactions in the stomach, pancreas, eyes and prostate of rats. Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size acts as a non-toxic antibacterial agent and selective cytotoxin against multiple bacteria, fungi and spores .
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable modulator of cyclin D1 and ETS1. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol downregulates cyclin D1 expression, upregulates ETS1 via the TNF-α/ERK 1/2 pathway, impairs mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory function, increases reactive oxygen species levels, disrupts calcium homeostasis and activates endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and induces cell proliferation inhibition and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol induces morphological abnormalities in zebrafish embryos and liver developmental damage, while disrupting the brain immune microenvironment in mice, causing systemic toxicity and delayed pup maturation in CD-1 mice. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol also induces cortical neuron apoptosis, glial cell activation, synaptic abnormalities, colonic barrier damage, intestinal dysbiosis and autism spectrum disorder-like symptoms in mice. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol shows no mutagenic, clastogenic, primary skin/eye irritation or skin sensitizing effects, exhibits no selective reproductive toxicity in CD-1 mice, and is classified as GHS Category 4 for acute oral toxicity. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol can be used in studies of neurodevelopmental disorders and autism spectrum disorders .
Lp-PLA2-IN-17 (Compound 39) is an inhibitor of Lp-PLA2. Lp-PLA2-IN-17 can be used to study disorders involving the hydrolysis of oxidized lipids into two inflammatory substances with the participation of Lp-PLA2 .
Amido Black 10B (Naphthol Blue Black) is a highly toxic azo dye. Amido Black 10B is genotoxic and mutagenic. Amido Black 10B can cause respiratory problems. Amido Black 10B is used for amino acid dyeing .
Acetyl methylene blue can be used to synthesize mitochondrial development stimulators, which can be used for eye diseases related to insufficient mitochondrial function in nerve cells .
Tetra-sulfo-Cy7 DBCO is a bright and photostable near-IR probe. The Cy7 DBCO is water-soluble, hydrophilic dye often a reagent of choice for assay where minimal non-specific binding and exceptional brightness is required. The fluorescence of Cy7 DBCO is pH insensitive from pH 4 to pH 10 and produces minimal autofluorescence of biological specimens in this region of the spectrum. Fluorescence of this long-wavelength Cyanine dye is not visible to the human eye but is readily detected by most imaging systems.
HMRef-βGal is a fluorescent probe and a substrate responsive to β-galactosidase (β-galactosidase) (Ex/Em=498 nm/505-600 nm). After being cleaved by β-galactosidase, HMRef-βGal triggers significant fluorescence enhancement via intramolecular spirocyclic function regulation. HMRef-βGal generates bright fluorescence in cancer cells with elevated β-galactosidase activity, enabling visualization of tiny peritoneal metastases in mouse models. HMRef-βGal exhibits low in vitro cytotoxicity and low acute in vivo toxicity in mice. HMRef-βGal can be used for preclinical fluorescence-guided diagnosis and cytoreductive surgery of peritoneal metastases, including compatibility with real-time naked-eye detection and endoscopic imaging, as well as for studies related to peritoneal metastases of ovarian cancer .
Poloxamer 124 L44 is a block polymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene and a hydrophobic surfactant. Poloxamer 124 L44 causes eye irritation and exhibits oral toxicity in albino rats with an LD50 of 5 g/kg. Poloxamer 124 L44 has reversible adverse effects on triglyceride and cholesterol transport in the lymphatic system of rats. Poloxamer 124 L44 can form thermoreversible hydrogels and is used as a food additive and as a drug delivery vehicle in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and tissue engineering[1][2][3].
Hydroxynaphthol Blue is an azo dye and serves as a metal indicator. Hydroxynaphthol Blue binds to specific metal ions to form stable complexes with distinct color and fluorescence properties. Hydroxynaphthol Blue is used for the visual monitoring of isothermal nucleic acid amplification results. A visible color difference appears between positive and negative nucleic acid amplification reactions, allowing result discrimination by the naked eye without opening the reaction tube .
Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size is a nitrate reductase modulator and growth promoter with plant stress resistance activity and oral toxicity. Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size acts as a nutrient source for maize plants. By enhancing nitrate reductase activity and reducing free proline levels, it significantly improves plant height, root length and dry matter weight of maize, and its growth-promoting effect is comparable to that of traditional zinc sulfate fertilizer. Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size induces anemia-related and persistent tissue inflammatory damage, leading to obvious histopathological adverse reactions in the stomach, pancreas, eyes and prostate of rats. Zinc oxide, <100 nm particle size acts as a non-toxic antibacterial agent and selective cytotoxin against multiple bacteria, fungi and spores .
N-Benzyl-N, N-dimethyldodecan-1-aminium bromide, also known as Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC), is a quaternary ammonium compound widely used as an antimicrobial and surfactant in various industries. BAC is commonly used as a disinfectant and antiseptic in a variety of products including hand sanitizers, disinfectant wipes and eye drops. Its ability to kill bacteria, viruses and fungi makes it an effective tool in preventing the spread of infection. BAC is also used as a preservative and disinfectant in the food industry. It is added to food packaging and processing equipment to prevent the growth of microorganisms and increase the shelf life of foods. Additionally, BACs are found in many household products such as cleaning solutions, fabric softeners and personal care products. Its surfactant properties allow it to be used to reduce surface tension and increase the effectiveness of cleaning agents. Although BAC has many uses, ingestion or exposure to high concentrations of BAC can cause skin irritation and other adverse effects.
3-Butenylamine hydrochloride can be used as an intermediate in the production of polymers, adhesives, resins and other chemicals. 3-Butenylamine hydrochloride may cause skin and eye irritation or burns, severe eye damage, and breathing problems .
Poloxamer 237 (F87) (PEG-PPG-PEG, 7700 (Average Mn)) is an alcohol substance that acts as an oil-in-water emulsifier and solubilizer. Poloxamer 237 (F87) is used in the research of formulations such as contact lens care solutions and eye drops .
Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) Fluorescein is a classic fluorescent label that specifically binds to sugar residues such as N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylneuraminic acid and sialic acid. Wheat Germ Agglutinin Fluorescein performs regionally differential fluorescent staining of the ocular surface epithelial glycocalyx to assess its integrity, and causes no damage to the eye at safe concentrations. Wheat Germ Agglutinin Fluorescein is also used for staining structures including red blood cells, cultured cells, bacteria and pine wood nematodes, and facilitates the isolation of wheat-associated plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains. Wheat Germ Agglutinin Fluorescein can be applied to the detection of ocular glycocalyx integrity and the research of related diseases such as pine wilt disease .
Homatropine hydrochloride is an orally active anticholinergic agent that rapidly dilates pupils and has cycloplegic effects. Homatropine hydrochloride also has antitussive activity. Homatropine hydrochloride can be used in research on eye diseases and coughs .
Homatropine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Homatropine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Homatropine hydrochloride is an orally active anticholinergic agent that rapidly dilates pupils and has cycloplegic effects. Homatropine hydrochloride also has antitussive activity. Homatropine hydrochloride can be used in research on eye diseases and coughs .
Betamethasone 17-Propionate is a compound used to study its effects on endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats. It has the activity of inhibiting the infiltration of cells into the aqueous humor in endotoxin-induced uveitis by eye drops and systemic administration at a certain dose. However, its inhibitory effect is relatively weak compared with some other compounds. At the same time, the dose for systemic administration is 1mg/kg. In addition, Betamethasone 17-Propionate has a weaker inhibitory effect on the release of IL-8 from rat peritoneal exudate cells in an in vitro interleukin-8 (IL-8) release assay than betamethasone. Moreover, the simultaneous addition of betamethasone dipropionate and betamethasone 17-Propionate reduces the inhibitory effect of betamethasone on cell infiltration and IL-1β gene expression.
Vezocolmitide (ST-100) is a collagen mimetic peptide. Vezocolmitide can rapidly repair damaged collagen triple helix structures, thereby quickly reversing damage to the ocular surface and extracellular matrix, and restoring corneal nerve function while repairing the epithelium. Vezocolmitide can be used for research of dry eye disease (DED) .
Urcosimod (OK 101) is a lipid-coupled chemokine peptide, a ChemR23G protein-coupled receptor agonist, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Urcosimod can be used for dry eye research .
HR97 TFA is a cell-penetrating peptide that can be combined with engineered melanin to prepare eye drops HR97-SunitiGel. The peptide-drug conjugate in HR97-SunitiGel can provide sustained ocular drug delivery .
Batoclimab (RVT-1401) is a fully humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting FcRn. Batoclimab has high affinity for the IgG-binding site on FcRn. By competitively binding to the IgG binding site on FcRn, Batoclimab blocks FcRn-mediated recycling of IgG, resulting in enhanced degradation and subsequent reductions in IgG levels. Batoclimab can be used in the research of autoimmune diseases such as myasthenia gravis and thyroid eye disease .
LASN01 is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting IL-11RA. LASN01 inhibits IGF-1 and IL-11-induced hyaluronic acid (HA) release and TGFβ-stimulated procollagen in orbital fibroblasts. LASN01 can be used in thyroid eye disease (TED) research. Recommended isotype control: Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001) .
Veligrotug (AVE1642) is a selective, fully human IGF-1R antagonist antibody with a Kd value of 0.55 nM for hIGF-1R. Veligrotug blocks the phosphorylation of downstream AKT. Veligrotug is applicable to research related to thyroid eye disease .
Conbercept (KH902) is a recombinant fusion protein composed of VEGFR-1 (second domain) and VEGFR-2 (third and fourth domains) regions fused to human IgG1 Fc. Conbercept is a VEGF inhibitor (IC50 = 8.8 pM) and is a soluble receptor decoy that blocks all isoforms of VEGF-A (Kd = 0.5 pM), VEGF-B (Kd = 8 pM), VEGF-C, and PlGF (Kd = 5 pM). Conbercept has anti-inflammatory effects, can lower the levels of VEGF, TNF-α and IL-6, and reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Conbercept decreases tumor growth in several oncology studies. Conbercept can be used for various eye diseases such as polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), diabetic macular edema (DME) and pathologic myopia choroidal neovascularization (pmCNV) .
Lonigutamab (hz208F2-4) is a humanized anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibody, serveing as a targeting vector for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Lonigutamab causes G2-M phase cell cycle arrest and increases apoptosis in IGF-1R-overexpressing tumor cells. Lonigutamab demonstrates potent antitumor efficacy in IGF-1R-overexpressing xenograft models. Lonigutamab can be used for the study of Solid tumors with overexpression of IGF-1R and thyroid eye
diseases .
Tanfanercept (HL036337) is an TNF-α receptor fusion protein that targets TNF-α. Tanfanercept is effective in ameliorating corneal erosions in a dry eye (DE) mouse model .
Elegrobart is an immunoglobulin G1-κ monoclonal antibody targeting the human insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). Elegrobart is promising for research of diseases associated with abnormal IGF1R signaling, especially thyroid eye disease .
VRDN-002 is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting IGF1R/CD221. VRDN-002 reduces inflammation and proptosis in thyroid eye disease (TED). VPI-2690B can be used in Graves ophthalmopathy research .
Lutein (Xanthophyll) is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health . Lutein exerts its biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidase and anti-apoptosis, through effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) . Lutein is able to arrive in the brain and shows antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Lutein is orally active .
Esculin is a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, the active ingredient in ash bark. Esculin has antidiabetic effects, improves cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN) via the MAPK signaling pathway, and exerts antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory effects. Esculin also has anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, antithrombotic, and therapeutic properties for eye diseases .
2''-O-Galloylhyperin is an active natural compound with anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‑adipogenic, antifibrotic, and cytostatic activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin upregulates SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling, inhibits NF-κB and MAPK (ERK1/2, p38, JNK) phosphorylation, suppresses TSHR activation, reduces ROS accumulation, and enhances SOD and GSH-Px activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin protects against LPS-induced tissue injury, enhances survival, and inhibits adipogenesis and fibrosis. 2"-O-Galloylhyperin can be used for the research of sepsis, acute lung injury, and thyroid eye disease .
Racanisodamine is one of the racemic isomers of anisodamine, resembles anisodamine in pharmacological effect. Racanisodamine is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, used as a component of eye drops for myopic control .
Cholesteryl palmitate is the main cholesterol ester found in human blephariol and has been used to form a stable tear film to study amphiphilic block copolymers as surfactants for dry eye syndrome. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a predictor of fetal lung maturity. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a prognostic biomarker for chronic interstitial pneumonia .
Esculin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Esculin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Esculin is a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, the active ingredient in ash bark. Esculin has antidiabetic effects, improves cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN) via the MAPK signaling pathway, and exerts antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory effects. Esculin also has anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, antithrombotic, and therapeutic properties for eye diseases .
Racanisodamine is one of the racemic isomers of anisodamine, resembles anisodamine in pharmacological effect. Racanisodamine is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, used as a component of eye drops for myopic control .
Micronomicin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Micronomicin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Micronomicin (Gentamicin C2b) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, with antibacterial and bactericidal activities .
Cholesteryl palmitate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cholesteryl palmitate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cholesteryl palmitate is the main cholesterol ester found in human blephariol and has been used to form a stable tear film to study amphiphilic block copolymers as surfactants for dry eye syndrome. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a predictor of fetal lung maturity. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a prognostic biomarker for chronic interstitial pneumonia.
2"-O-Galloylhyperin (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2"-O-Galloylhyperin (HY-N0526). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin is an active natural compound with anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‑adipogenic, antifibrotic, and cytostatic activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin upregulates SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling, inhibits NF-κB and MAPK (ERK1/2, p38, JNK) phosphorylation, suppresses TSHR activation, reduces ROS accumulation, and enhances SOD and GSH-Px activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin protects against LPS-induced tissue injury, enhances survival, and inhibits adipogenesis and fibrosis. 2"-O-Galloylhyperin can be used for the research of sepsis, acute lung injury, and thyroid eye disease .
3-Methyl-3-buten-1-ol (Methallylcarbinol), a semiterpenoid alcohol, is an aggregation pheromone that can be found in the venom glands of the European hornet (Vespa crabro) and our-eyed spruce bark beetle .
Eukovoside is a cinnamic acid derivative found in Euphrasia regelii with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiallergic, and antihistamine activity. Eukovoside can be used for the research of hyperglycemic diseases, eye inflammation, upper respiratory passages inflammation, hay fever, conjunctivitis, colds, influenza, sinusitis .
The CECR2 protein is a regulatory subunit in the CERF-1 and CERF-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes that assembles ordered nucleosome arrays to help DNA enter replication, transcription, and repair. Despite lacking mononucleosome sliding ability, these complexes make crucial contributions to various developmental processes. CECR2 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived CECR2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag.
The hemagglutinin (HA) protein attaches viral particles to host cells by binding to sialic acid-containing receptors and induces viral particle internalization through clathrin-dependent endocytosis. HA also promotes an alternative clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway for some virions. HA/Hemagglutinin Protein, H5N1 (Biotinylated, 530a.a, ABJ96775, HEK293, His) is the recombinant Virus-derived HA/Hemagglutinin protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
The hemagglutinin (HA) protein attaches viral particles to host cells by binding to sialic acid-containing receptors and induces viral particle internalization through clathrin-dependent endocytosis.HA also promotes an alternative clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway for some virions.HA/Hemagglutinin Protein, H5N1 (ABJ96775, HEK293, His) is the recombinant Virus-derived HA/Hemagglutinin protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
The hemagglutinin (HA) protein attaches viral particles to host cells by binding to sialic acid-containing receptors and induces viral particle internalization through clathrin-dependent endocytosis.HA also promotes an alternative clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway for some virions.HA/Hemagglutinin Protein, H5N1 (ABJ96775, HEK293, His) is the recombinant Virus-derived HA/Hemagglutinin protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
The hemagglutinin (HA) protein attaches viral particles to host cells by binding to sialic acid-containing receptors and induces viral particle internalization through clathrin-dependent endocytosis. HA also promotes an alternative clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway for some virions. HA/Hemagglutinin Protein, H5N1 (Biotinylated, 340a.a, ABJ96775, HEK293, His) is the recombinant Virus-derived HA/Hemagglutinin protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
1,4-Dibromobenzene-d4 is a deuterium labeled 1,4-Dibromobenzene. 1,4-Dibromobenzene is used as a fumigant and as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals. Inhalation exposure gives rise to dizziness and chokingwhereas contact with skin or eye produces inflammation and burning in humans .
Tropicamide-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tropicamide . Tropicamide (Ro 1-7683) is a selective M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Tropicamide produces short acting mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia when applied as eye drops .
Bimatoprost-d4 is the deuterium labeled Bimatoprost. Bimatoprost is a prostaglandin analog used topically (as eye drops) to control the progression of glaucoma and in the management of ocular hypertension.
Chlorphenesin-d5 is the deuterium labeled Chlorphenesin (HY-A0133). Chlorphenesin is a reversible antigen-associated immunosuppressant. Chlorphenesin is an antibacterial and antifungal agent used in numerous eye care cosmetics .
Hexazinone-d6 is the deuterium labeled Hexazinone. Hexazinone is a triazinone herbicide with high mobility and persistence in soil. Hexazinone is mainly degraded by soil microorganisms, and its degradation and mineralization processes are significantly affected by soil texture (faster in clay loam) and application method (mixed application can improve its bioavailability and mineralization rate). Hexazinone exhibits mild to moderate acute oral toxicity and has significant eye irritation .
Lifitegrast-d4-1 is deuterium labeled Lifitegrast. Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Lifitegrast-d6 (SAR 1118-d6) is deuterium labeled Lifitegrast. Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Lifitegrast-d4 (SAR 1118-d4) is deuterium labeled Lifitegrast. Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast can be used for researching dry eye disease .
Cetalkonium-d5 chloride (Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium-d5 chloride) is the deuterium labeled Cetalkonium chloride (HY-B1597). Cetalkonium chloride is an ammonium antiseptic agent used in many topical agents for infections of mouth, throat and eye. Cetalkonium chloride acts as anti-inflammatory amphiphilic agent. Cetalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, that improves the precorneal residence time and bioavailability of drugs. Cetalkonium chloride interacts with the negative charges on the bacterial cell membrane, disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, causes leakage of cell contents and ultimately leading to bacterial death .
Navamepent is an analog of naturally occurring resolvin E1 (a major dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty-acid metabolite) with potent anti-inflammatory and cell survival benefits. Navamepent is highly effective against dry eye and goblet cell loss thereby accelerating tear production. Also, Navamepent can reduce corneal inflammation, epithelial damage, and accelerate corneal tissue repair. In addition, Navamepent can inhibit the release of several key proinflammatory mediators from corneal epithelial cells. Navamepent is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Trisulfo-Cy3-Alkyne is a water soluble cyanine linker containing an alkyne group, which enables Click Chemistry to attach trisulfo-Cy3 to various azide-bearing molecules. Trisulfo-Cyanine3 is a fluorophore which is compatible with a wide range of fluorescent scanners, imagers, microscopes, etc. It is a bright and photostable dye and can be easily detected in gels by naked eye in low amounts (nmol). Reagent grade, for research use only . Trisulfo-Cy3-Alkyne is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
JAK-IN-10 is a JAK inhibitor. JAK-IN-10 can be used for the research of dry eye disorders . JAK-IN-10 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Tivanisiran sodium (SYL1001 sodium) is a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting TRPV1. Tivanisiran sodium induces the degradation of TRPV1 mRNA, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. Tivanisiran sodium alleviates ocular discomfort and pain, and improves ocular hyperemia and tear quality. Tivanisiran sodium is applicable to research related to dry eye disease .
Pegaptanib sodium is an RNA aptamer with polyethylene glycol modifications, which is directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-165. Pegaptanib could be used for the study of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) .
Cholesteryl palmitate is the main cholesterol ester found in human blephariol and has been used to form a stable tear film to study amphiphilic block copolymers as surfactants for dry eye syndrome. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a predictor of fetal lung maturity. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a prognostic biomarker for chronic interstitial pneumonia .
Tivanisiran (SYL1001) is a siRNA used for the study of dry eye disease. Tivanisiran was designed to silence transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) mRNA .
Loteprednol is a synthetic corticosteroid that belongs to a family of glucocorticoids. Loteprednol has anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and immunosuppressive activities. Loteprednol can be used to study eye inflammation .
Human PAX6 mRNA encodes the human paired box 6 (PAX6) protein, a member of the paired box (PAX) family. PAX6 may play an important role in the development of the eye, nose, central nervous system and pancreas. It is also required for the differentiation of pancreatic islet alpha cells.
Lufepirsen sodium is an unmodified antisense oligonucleotide targeted to Connexin43 (Cx43). Connexin43 is a specific protein in the eye, which plays a role in wound healing.
Lufepirsen is an unmodified antisense oligonucleotide targeted to Connexin43 (Cx43). Connexin43 is a specific protein in the eye, which plays a role in wound healing.
Verteporfin liposome is a liposome-encapsulated form of Verteporfin (HY-B0146). Verteporfin is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy to eliminate abnormal blood vessels in the eye associated with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration. Verteporfin liposome prolongs drug circulation time and provides slow release, allowing the drug to accumulate in newly formed blood vessels.
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Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
MedchemExpress Validation 03
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
MedchemExpress Validation 04
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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