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Results for "

glutamate

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	EAAT (32) Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) (9) iGluR (173) mGluR (186) 5-HT Receptor (4) ADC Linker (1) Adenylate Cyclase (1) Adrenergic Receptor (7) Akt (16) Amino Acid Decarboxylase (5) Amino Acid Derivatives (16) Amino acid Transporter (1) Aminopeptidase (1) Aminotransferases (Transaminases) (7) Amyloid-β (3) Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) (1) Antibiotic (15) Antifolate (2) AP-1 (1) Apoptosis (88) Autophagy (12) Bacterial (32) Bcl-2 Family (6) Biochemical Assay Reagents (21) Calcium Channel (38) Calmodulin (3) CaMK (1) Cannabinoid Receptor (1) Carboxypeptidase (8) Casein Kinase (1) Caspase (8) CaSR (3) Chloride Channel (10) Cholinesterase (ChE) (7) COX (4) CXCR (5) Cytochrome P450 (4) Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) (1) DNA/RNA Synthesis (4) Dopamine Receptor (3) Dopamine Transporter (1) Drug Derivative (13) Drug Intermediate (1) Drug Isomer (3) Drug Metabolite (1) Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC (2) EGFR (3) Endogenous Metabolite (165) Environmental Pollutants (21) ERK (7) FAAH (1) Ferroptosis (34) FGFR (2) Fluorescent Dye (8) Fungal (4) GABA Receptor (30) Glutaminase (3) Glutathione Peroxidase (2) Glycine Receptor (GlyR) (1) GlyT (3) GPR171 (1) GPR35 (5) Guanylate Cyclase (1) HDAC (2) Heme Oxygenase (HO) (1) HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (20) HIV (4) HSP (2) IKK (1) IMPDH (1) Insecticide (4) Interleukin Related (3) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (79) JNK (2) Keap1-Nrf2 (4) Ligands for E3 Ligase (1) Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC (2) Liposome (1) Lipoxygenase (1) MDM-2/p53 (7) MEK (1) Microtubule/Tubulin (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (8) MMP (6) MOFs (1) Monoamine Oxidase (5) mTOR (14) Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger (1) Na+/H+ Exchanger (NHE) (1) nAChR (3) NADH Dehydrogenase (1) NAMPT (1) Necroptosis (1) Neurokinin Receptor (1) Neuropeptide Y Receptor (1) NF-κB (23) Ninjurin (1) NO Synthase (13) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (1) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (17) Opioid Receptor (7) P-glycoprotein (2) P2X Receptor (1) p38 MAPK (8) Parasite (18) PARP (3) PDHK (1) PDK-1 (1) PERK (1) Phosphodiesterase (PDE) (6) Phytohormone (1) PI3K (6) PKA (1) PKC (5) Potassium Channel (12) PPAR (2) PSMA (7) Radionuclide-Drug Conjugates (RDCs) (3) Raf (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (33) Reference Standards (93) Sigma Receptor (1) Sirtuin (2) Sodium Channel (19) Src (1) STAT (12) SWI/SNF Complex (1) Tau Protein (2) TNF Receptor (4) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (1) Trk Receptor (2) TRP Channel (1) VEGFR (3) Wnt (7) β-catenin (6)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (110) Cardiovascular Disease (54) Endocrinology (12) Infection (61) Inflammation/Immunology (96) Metabolic Disease (95) Neurological Disease (519)
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GMP Molecules

Targets Recommended: Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) EAAT mGluR iGluR

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-114481

Imidazole ketone erastin 45+ Cited Publications IKE	Ferroptosis	Cancer
Imidazole ketone erastin is a potent, selective, and metabolically stable inhibitor of the cystine-glutamate antiporter, system x_c ^- and an activator of ferroptosis. Imidazole ketone erastin has anti-tumor activity .

HY-B0649

Propofol 20+ Cited Publications 2,6-Diisopropylphenol	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease Cancer
Propofol potently and directly activates GABA_A receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties and is used for sedation and hypnotic .

HY-137592

Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide ε-NAD	Fluorescent Dye Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH)	Others
Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide (ε-NAD) is a fluorescent analog of NAD. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can be cleaved by phosphodiesterase I (from C. adamanteus venom) and binds to bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can serve as a substrate for G-ADP ribosylation of G proteins catalyzed by bacterial toxins. Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide can be used as a fluorescent substrate for the study of ADP ribosylation reactions .

HY-107522

DL-TBOA 1 Publications Verification	EAAT	Neurological Disease
DL-TBOA is a potent non-transportable inhibitor of excitatory amino acid transporters with IC₅₀s of 70 μM, 6 μM and 6 μM for excitatory amino acid transporter-1 (EAAT1), EAAT2 and EAAT3, respectively. DL-TBOA inhibits the uptake of [ ¹⁴C]glutamate in COS-1 cells expressing the human EAAT1 and EAAT2 with K_i valuesof 42 μM and 5.7 μM, respectively. DL-TBOA blocks EAAT4 and EAAT5 in a competitive manner with K_i values of 4.4 μM and 3.2 μM, respectively .

HY-100815B

(RS)-AMPA (±)-AMPA	iGluR	Neurological Disease
(RS)-AMPA ((±)-AMPA) is a glutamate analogue and a potent and selective excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamic acid agonist. (RS)-AMPA does not interfere with binding sites for kainic acid or NMDA receptors .

HY-W250122

Glutamic acid sodium salt 1 Publications Verification Monosodium glutamate	Biochemical Assay Reagents Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism Apoptosis HSP Bcl-2 Family	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Glutamic acid sodium salt (Monosodium glutamate) is an orally active food flavor enhancer. Glutamic acid sodium salt causes ROS generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and Apoptosis. Glutamic acid sodium salt upregulates CHOP, Grp78, and Bcl-2. Glutamic acid sodium salt impairs cognition, induces depressive-like behavior, induces hyperalgesia, and induces obesity and insulin resistance. Glutamic acid sodium salt can be used to study neurotoxicity (e.g., brain damage, cognitive impairment), metabolic disorders (e.g., obesity, insulin resistance), hepatotoxicity, and renal toxicity, as well as pain-related disorders .

HY-N0455B

*L-Arginine (L-glutamate)* 20+ Cited Publications (S)-(+)-Arginine (L-glutamate)	Endogenous Metabolite NO Synthase	Metabolic Disease
L-Arginine L-glutamate ((S)-(+)-Arginine L-glutamate) is the nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide. L-Arginine L-glutamate can be used for upper gastrointestinal hypofunction or dysfunction like functional dyspepsia research .

HY-100788C

2-PMPA sodium 5 Publications Verification 2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid sodium	Carboxypeptidase	Neurological Disease
2-PMPA (2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid) sodium is a glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.0003 μM. 2-PMPA sodium shows low blood-brain barrier penetration. 2-PMPA sodium blocks the hydrolysis of NAAG, regulates glutamate levels in the brain and neurovascular coupling. 2-PMPA sodium is applicable to the research of neurological diseases .

HY-12597

Quisqualic acid L-Quisqualic acid	iGluR mGluR	Neurological Disease
Quisqualic acid (L-Quisqualic acid), a natural analog of glutamate, is a potent and pan two subsets (iGluR and mGluR) of excitatory amino acid (EAA) agonist with an EC₅₀ of 45 nM and a K_i of 10 nM for mGluR1R. Quisqualic acid is isolated from the fruits of Quisqualis indica .

HY-113371

2-Methylcitric acid Methylcitric acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate .

HY-W134072

*Tetrasodium glutamate* diacetate (46% in water)**	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Biochemical Assay Reagents Bacterial	Infection Others
Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate (46% in water) is a biodegradable chelating agent that enhances antibacterial efficacy. Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate (46% in water) improves the antibacterial performance of multifunctional additives in cosmetic formulations. Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate (46% in water) acts as a chelating agent in cosmetic formulations .

HY-W025811

*1-(tert-Butyl) 5-methyl L-glutamate* hydrochloride**	Amino Acid Derivatives	Others
1-(tert-Butyl) 5-methyl L-glutamate hydrochloride is a glutamic acid derivative .

HY-107521

TFB-TBOA 3 Publications Verification CF3-Bza-TBOA	EAAT	Neurological Disease
TFB-TBOA (CF3-Bza-TBOA) is a potent glutamate transporter blocker that potently suppresses the activity of glial transporters. TFB-TBOA shows IC₅₀ values of 22, 17, and 300 nM for glutamate transporters EAAT1, EAAT2, and EAAT3 respectively in an uptake assay using cells transiently expressing EAATs .

HY-P2911

Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)) GLDH	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Others
Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) (GLDH) can be found in hepatocytes, renal tissue, brain, muscle, and intestinal cells. Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) is often used in biochemical studies. Glutamate dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial enzyme, it catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as part of the urea cycle .

HY-P3263

Glutamate oxidase L-glutamate oxidase	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Glutamate oxidase (L-Glutamate oxidase) is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research. Glutamate oxidase is expressed in E. Coli. Glutamate oxidase can be used to produce α-ketoglutaric acid from l-glutamic acid .

HY-E70003

Glutamate dehydrogenase	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Endocrinology
Glutamate dehydrogenase is an enzyme in both prokaryotes and eukaryotic mitochondria. Glutamate dehydrogenase can be used for the enzymatic determination of ammonia, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, L-glutamate and urease .

HY-130313

Sodium lauroyl glutamate	Amino Acid Derivatives	Inflammation/Immunology
Sodium lauroyl glutamate is an anionic amino acid surfactant. Sodium lauroyl glutamate has the irritant contact dermatitis potential, and possible anti-irritating potential in a surfactant mixture on human skin .

HY-145955

Stearoyl glutamic acid sodium Sodium stearoyl glutamate	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Sodium stearoyl glutamate is a sodium salt of monocarboxylic acid anionic surfactant, which serves as a chelating agent, skin sensitizer and anionic co-emulsifier .

HY-150220

1,5-Dihexadecyl N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-L-glutamate	Liposome	Others
1,5-Dihexadecyl N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-L-glutamate is a lipid used in the synthesis of phospholipid vesicles. 1,5-Dihexadecyl N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-L-glutamate works with other lipids to convert polydisperse vesicles into vesicles of uniform size by freeze-thaw and extrusion techniques. 1,5-Dihexadecyl N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-L-glutamate can enhance protein encapsulation efficiency for drug delivery and biochemical applications .

HY-122487

Troriluzole BHV-4157	mGluR	Neurological Disease Cancer
Troriluzole, a third-generation, tripeptide proagent of Riluzole (HY-B0211), is an orally active *glutamate* modulator. Troriluzole reduces synaptic glutamate level and increases the synaptic glutamate absorption. Troriluzole has the potential for Alzheimer disease and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) .

HY-13058

ADX-47273 1 Publications Verification	mGluR	Neurological Disease
ADX-47273 is a potent, selective and brain-penetrant mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator (PAM), with an EC₅₀ of 0.17 μM for potentiation of glutamate (50 nM) response. ADX-47273 has antipsychotic and procognitive activities .

HY-107520

MNI-caged-L-glutamate	Drug Derivative	Neurological Disease
MNI-caged-L-glutamate is an inert photolabile glutamate precursor. MNI-caged-L-glutamate does not modulate NMDA and AMPA receptor function in cultured neurones. MNI-caged-L-glutamate can be used for research on neurotransmitters .

HY-W588263

Indole-3-acetyl glutamate IAGlu	Drug Derivative	Others
Indole-3-acetyl glutamate (IAGlu) is a derivative of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). As a conjugated form of IAA, Indole-3-acetyl glutamate involves in the transport, storage, and homeostatic regulation of IAA within the plant. Indole-3-acetyl glutamate can be used for research into the effects of plant hormones on the growth and development of plants .

HY-W017500

N-Methyl-DL-aspartic acid	iGluR	Neurological Disease
N-Methyl-DL-aspartic acid is a glutamate analogue and a NMDA receptor agonist and can be used for neurological diseases research .

HY-139692

EAAT2 activator 1	EAAT	Neurological Disease
EAAT2 activator 1 is the potent activator of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2). EAAT2 is the major glutamate transporter and functions to remove glutamate from synapses. EAAT2 activator 1 increases EAAT2 protein levels dose-dependently .

HY-110278

ADX71743	mGluR	Neurological Disease
ADX71743 is a highly selective, noncompetitive and brain-penetrant *metabotropic glutamate* receptor 7 negative allosteric modulator (mGlu7 NAM**). ADX71743 can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and possesses anxiolytic activity. .

HY-14612

CPPHA	mGluR	Neurological Disease
CPPHA is potent and selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the mGluR5 and mGluR1 (metabotropic glutamate receptor). CPPHA can potentiate responses of mGluR5 and mGluR1 to activation of these receptors. CPPHA is developed for the research of central nervous system disorders .

HY-W022255

Fmoc-D-Glu-OH D-Fmoc-glutamic acid	Amino Acid Derivatives	Others
Fmoc-D-Glu-OH (D-Fmoc-glutamic acid) is a derivative of glutamate, can be used to prepare supramolecular hydrogels .

HY-141536

PSMA-ALB-56	Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC	Cancer
PSMA-ALB-56 is a PSMA-targeting radioligand designed by combining the glutamate-urea PSMA-binding entity and an albumin binder .

HY-103344

ZJ43	Aminopeptidase Carboxypeptidase mGluR	Neurological Disease
ZJ43 is a NAAG peptidase inhibitor and glutamate carboxypeptidase II/III (GCP II/III) inhibitor with human GCP II IC₅₀ of 2.4 nM and K_i of 0.8 nM. ZJ43 blocks N-acetylaspartylglutamate hydrolysis, elevates extracellular N-acetylaspartylglutamate levels, and activates *group II metabotropic glutamate* receptors (mGluR**). ZJ43 can be used for the research of schizophrenia, inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, and traumatic brain injury .

HY-103345

2-MPPA GPI-5693	Carboxypeptidase	Neurological Disease Cancer
2-MPPA (GPI-5693) is an orally active and selective glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP II; PSMA) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 90 nM .

HY-P2912

Glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP)	Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) Biochemical Assay Reagents	Neurological Disease
Glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP) is the catalytic enzyme for glutamate production. Dysfunction of Glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP) may induce various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and frontotemporal dementia. Glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP) can be used in research on neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease .

HY-W141786

Magnesium L-glutamate	Amino Acid Derivatives	Others
Magnesium L-glutamate is a cysteine derivative. Magnesium L-glutamate s a flavor enhancer used to reduce the amount of salt needed in meat products .

HY-W141786A

*Magnesium L-glutamate* tetrahydrate**	Amino Acid Derivatives	Others
Magnesium L-glutamate tetrahydrate is a cysteine derivative. Magnesium L-glutamate tetrahydrate is a flavor enhancer used to reduce the amount of salt needed in meat products .

HY-W141876

DL-2-Aminopimelic Acid	Bacterial	Others
DL-2-Aminopimelic Acid is a weak agonist of glutamate receptors and also reduces the sensitivity of leech glutamate receptors to glutamate .

HY-Y0749A

*Dimethyl D-glutamate* hydrochloride** Glutamic acid, dimethyl ester, hydrochloride, D-	Amino Acid Derivatives	Others
Dimethyl D-glutamate hydrochloride is a glutamic acid derivative .

HY-123733

MIP-1095 RPS-001	PSMA	Others Cancer
MIP-1095 potently inhibits the glutamate carboxypeptidase activity of PSMA (K_i =0.24 nM) .

HY-133177

MS-153	EAAT	Neurological Disease
MS-153 is a glutamate transporter activator that can be used as a neuroprotective agent .

HY-131481

Mnm5s2U	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog	Others
Mnm5s2U, found in lysine and glutamate tRNA anticodon, has an wobble modification function in tRNA .

HY-101311

UPF-523 AIDA	mGluR	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
UPF-523 (AIDA), a rigid (carboxyphenyl) glycine derivative, is a relatively potent and selective antagonist of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu1a) with an IC₅₀ of 214 μM. But UPF-523 has no effect on group II (mGlu2), group III (mGlu4) receptors or ionotropic glutamate receptors. UPF-523 has the potential for the research of the acute arthritis .

HY-N8115

S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione	Others	Neurological Disease
S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione is a glutathione derivative. S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione inhibits the in vitro binding of kainic acid to brain glutamate receptors, with an IC₅₀ of 2 μM .

HY-129615

MIP-1072	PSMA	Cancer
MIP-1072 is a small molecule specific prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitor. MIP-1072 inhibits the glutamate carboxypeptidase activity of PSMA with an K_i value of 4.6 nM. MIP-1072 is promising for research of prostate cancer .

HY-103568

YM-298198 hydrochloride	mGluR	Neurological Disease
YM-298198 hydrochloride is a high-affinity, selective, orally active, and non-competitive antagonist of *metabotropic glutamate* receptor type 1 (mGluR1)**. YM-298198 hydrochloride can be used for the research of neurological disorders .

HY-108546

L-AP3 3-Phosphono-L-alanine	mGluR	Neurological Disease
L-AP3, metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist, inhibits D-phosphoserine and L-phosphoserine with IC₅₀s of 368 μM and 2087 μM, respectively .

HY-108034

GET73	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
GET73 is a γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) analog, a naturally occurring neurotransmitter. GET73 has anti-alcohol and anxiolytic properties. GET73 significantly affects glutamate transmission in the hippocampus .

HY-131039

MDNI-caged-L-glutamate MDNI-glu	Amino Acid Derivatives	Others
MDNI-caged-L-glutamate (MDNI-glu) is a biologically inert, photosensitive derivative of the major excitatory amino acid, L-glutamate. MDNI-caged-L-glutamate makes more efficient use of incident light .

HY-W276106

KM02894	Others	Cancer
KM02894 is an inhibitor of glutamate release. Cancer cells release high levels of glutamate, which disrupts normal bone turnover and may lead to cancer-induced bone pain. KM02894 can be used for cancer related research .

HY-N5110

Marmesinin (-)-Marmesinin; Ammijin	Others	Neurological Disease
Marmesinin ((-)-Marmesinin), a natural coumarin, is a biosynthetic precursor of psoralen and linear furanocoumarins. Marmesinin exhibits significant neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced toxicity .

HY-103232

IEM-1925 bromide	mGluR	Neurological Disease
IEM-1925 bromide is an orally active glutamate receptor antagonist, increases the latent period and decreases the duration of status epilepticus in rats in a lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy .

HY-W037817

Dimethyl L-glutamate Dimethyl glutamate	Potassium Channel Bacterial	Infection Metabolic Disease
Dimethyl L-glutamate (Dimethyl glutamate), a membrane-permeable analog of Glutamate, can stimulate insulin release induced by Glucose. Dimethyl L-glutamate suppresses the K_ATP channel activities. Dimethyl L-glutamate inhibits E. gracilis growth and causes abnormal cell division. Dimethyl L-glutamate can be used in the research of diabetes, glucose transport, phosphorylation, and further metabolism .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-14608

L-Glutamic acid 10+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Microorganisms Disease markers Endocrine diseases Amino acids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Cardiovascular System Disorder Cancer Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite iGluR Ferroptosis Apoptosis
L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases. L-Glutamic acid acts at ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors .

HY-N2309

Kainic acid 30+ Cited Publications	Alkaloids Structural Classification other families Pyrrole Alkaloids Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Plants Disease Research Fields Biological Pesticide Research Source Classification Agricultural Research	EAAT
Kainic acid is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid induces seizures .

HY-13653

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Maximum Cited Publications 57 Publications Verification EGCG; Epigallocatechol Gallate	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Plants Endogenous metabolite Flavonoids other families Flavonones Phenols Polyphenols Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol in green tea, which can inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate inhibits glutamate dehydrogenase 1/2 (GDH1/2, GLUD1/2) activity. (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate has a potent anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against various types of cancers such as colorectal cancer, myeloid leukemia, thyroid carcinoma .

HY-Y0966

Glycine Maximum Cited Publications 15 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite iGluR VEGFR Ninjurin
Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine inhibits the membrane aggregation of NINJ1 and prevents plasma membrane rupture during cell death. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis .

HY-B0649

Propofol 20+ Cited Publications 2,6-Diisopropylphenol	Structural Classification Monophenols Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Phenols Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite GABA Receptor
Propofol potently and directly activates GABA_A receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties and is used for sedation and hypnotic .

HY-17551

NMDA 25+ Cited Publications N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	iGluR Endogenous Metabolite
NMDA is a specific agonist for NMDA receptor mimicking the action of glutamate, the neurotransmitter which normally acts at that receptor.

HY-14608A

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt 10+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Microorganisms other families Animals Amino acids Plants Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants iGluR Apoptosis Ferroptosis Endogenous Metabolite
L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt can be used in the study of neurological diseases. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt acts at ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors .

HY-N0391

L-Citrulline 5+ Cited Publications	Classification of Application Fields Disease markers Other Diseases Endocrine diseases Amino acids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.

HY-100806

Kynurenic acid 5+ Cited Publications Quinurenic acid	Alkaloids Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Quinoline Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Endocrinology	iGluR Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis CXCR GPR35
Kynurenic acid, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting *NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8*.

HY-100807

Quinolinic acid 5+ Cited Publications	Alkaloids Structural Classification Microorganisms Disease markers Pyridine Alkaloids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite	MOFs iGluR Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NO Synthase Apoptosis
Quinolinic acid, an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan, is a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) agonist. Quinolinic acid increases glutamate efflux, induces the generation of ROS, activates nitric oxide synthase, produces excessive NO, leading to calcium ion influx and neuronal apoptosis .

HY-W014666

Xanthurenic acid 2 Publications Verification	Monophenols Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Phenols Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite mGluR Apoptosis
Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous *Group II metabotropic glutamate* receptor** agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

HY-B0158

Cytidine 5+ Cited Publications Cytosine β-D-riboside; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms other families Animals Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite
Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-N5134

5'-Guanylic acid 2 Publications Verification 5'-GMP; 5'-guanosine monophosphate	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR
5'-Guanylic acid is a purine nucleotide that participates in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation. 5'-Guanylic acid regulates the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism. 5'-Guanylic acid is the weak agonist for ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR), reduces the activity of the glutamatergic system and exhibits neuroprotective effect. 5'-Guanylic acid also causes neuronal cell death at high concentrations .

HY-15121

L-Theanine 5 Publications Verification L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide; Nγ-Ethyl-L-glutamine	Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Amino acids Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Theaceae	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active .

HY-N0037

Albiflorin 5+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Other Monoterpenes Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Paeoniaceae Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Albiflorin, a major constituent contained in peony root, is a brain-penetrant monoterpene glycoside with neuroprotective effects. Albiflorin also has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antinociceptive effects .

HY-Y0367

Maleic acid 1 Publications Verification	Infection Structural Classification Immune System Disorder Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of *E. coli* and *L. monocytogenes*.

HY-100808

D-Serine 2 Publications Verification (R)-Serine	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	iGluR Endogenous Metabolite
D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the *NMDA glutamate* receptor**. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration .

HY-W016814

(Z)-Aconitic acid 1 Publications Verification cis-Aconitic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Amino Acid Decarboxylase
(Z)-Aconitic acid is an orally active glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor. (Z)-Aconitic acid reduces IκB-α phosphorylation. (Z)-Aconitic acid inhibits Antigen-induced arthritis and Monosodium urate (HY-B2130A)-induced gout .

HY-112171

γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine 1 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Ala	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite CaSR
γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine (γ-Glu-Ala), composed of gamma-glutamate and alanine, is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine is a natural substrate of the γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase. γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine is a positive modulator of calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) function .

HY-12688A

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt 10+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β
Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .

HY-107512

Kynurenic acid sodium 5+ Cited Publications	Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Quinoline Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	iGluR Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite CXCR GPR35
Kynurenic acid sodium, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting *NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid sodium is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8*.

HY-Y0966R

Glycine (Standard) 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Cancer Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite iGluR VEGFR
Glycine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glycine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis .

HY-122808

(-)-Camphoric acid	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Cinnamomum glanduliferum (Wall.) Nees Metabolic Disease Plants Lauraceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification	mGluR NF-κB AP-1
(-)-Camphoric acid is the less active enantiomer of Camphoric acid. Camphoric acid induces glutamate receptor expression. Camphoric acid also significantly induces the activation of NF-κB and AP-1. Camphoric acid significantly stimulates the differentiation of mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 cells. Camphoric acid has weak regulatory function towards glutamate receptors. Camphoric acid can induce mRNA expression of glutamate signaling molecules and activate transcription factors, thereby stimulating osteoblast differentiation .

HY-126752

Ophthalmic acid	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Ophthalmic acid is a ubiquitous metabolite and glutathione modulator, with a K_i of 0.95 mM for glyoxalase I. Ophthalmic acid competitively inhibits glyoxalase I, glutathione S-transferase, glutaredoxin, glutamate-cysteine ligase, protein disulfide reductase (glutathione), as well as non-selective cation channels. Ophthalmic acid is applicable in diabetes-related research .

HY-B0778

Milbemycin oxime 1 Publications Verification	Infection Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Antibiotic Parasite
Milbemycin oxime is an orally active macrolide with broad-spectrum antiparasitic activity. Milbemycin oxime is a mixture of oximes consisting of oxime derivatives corresponding to milbemycin A4 and A3. Milbemycin oxime binds to glutamate-gated chloride channels and has inhibitory potency against intestinal nematodes and lung/heart worms .

HY-17387

(-)-Huperzine A 5+ Cited Publications Huperzine A	Structural Classification Alkaloids Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Terpenoids Huperziaceae Sesquiterpenes Pyridine Alkaloids Huperzia serrata Plants Disease Research Fields	Cholinesterase (ChE) iGluR
(-)-Huperzine A (Huperzine A) is an alkaloid isolated from Huperzia serrata, with neuroprotective activity. (-)-Huperzine A is a potent, highly specific, reversible and blood-brain barrier penetrant inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC₅₀ of 82 nM. (-)-Huperzine A also is non-competitive antagonist of *N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate* (NMDA) receptor**. (-)-Huperzine A is developed for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease .

HY-N0455B

*L-Arginine (L-glutamate)* 20+ Cited Publications (S)-(+)-Arginine (L-glutamate)	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite NO Synthase
L-Arginine L-glutamate ((S)-(+)-Arginine L-glutamate) is the nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide. L-Arginine L-glutamate can be used for upper gastrointestinal hypofunction or dysfunction like functional dyspepsia research .

HY-12597

Quisqualic acid L-Quisqualic acid	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Combretaceae Plants Quisqualis indica Linn. Source Classification	iGluR mGluR
Quisqualic acid (L-Quisqualic acid), a natural analog of glutamate, is a potent and pan two subsets (iGluR and mGluR) of excitatory amino acid (EAA) agonist with an EC₅₀ of 45 nM and a K_i of 10 nM for mGluR1R. Quisqualic acid is isolated from the fruits of Quisqualis indica .

HY-113371

2-Methylcitric acid Methylcitric acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate .

HY-N5063

Plantainoside D 2 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Polyphenols Scrophulariaceae Phenylpropanoids Plants Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) IKK Calcium Channel PKC Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NF-κB Apoptosis Sirtuin NOD-like Receptor (NLR)
Plantainoside D, a phenylethanoid glycosides, is a IKK-β inhibitor with diverse biological activities. Plantainoside D shows inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with an IC₅₀ of 2.17 mM. Plantainoside D significantly reduces the release of glutamate from nerve terminals in the cerebral cortex of rats by inhibiting the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCCs) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling cascade. Plantainoside D significantly alleviates cell apoptosis by inhibiting the generation of ROS and the activation of NF-κB. Plantainoside D significantly improves acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis by regulating the Sirt3/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Plantainoside D can be used for the study of neuroprotection, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antihypertension .

HY-N8157

4'-O-Methylpyridoxine 1 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Structural Classification Ginkgoaceae Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Pyridine Alkaloids Plants Ginkgo biloba Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Others
4'-O-Methylpyridoxine is an orally active antivitamin B6 compound found in Ginkgo biloba seeds and leaves. 4'-O-Methylpyridoxine inhibits pyridoxal kinase. 4'-O-Methylpyridoxine reduces brain pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) levels, decreases gamma-aminobutyric acid/glutamate (GABA/Glu) ratio. 4'-O-Methylpyridoxine increases plasma levels of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and pyridoxal. 4'-O-Methylpyridoxine induces hyperactivity, convulsions, pathological tissue changes, organ damage in rodent brain and heart .

HY-Y0069

N-Acetylglycine Aceturic acid; Acetamidoacetic acid	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Other Diseases Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
N-Acetylglycine (Aceturic acid) is a minor constituent of numerous foods. N-Acetylglycine is a flavor enhancer which elicits Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-like sensory experiencesN-Acetylglycine .

HY-W040307

Saccharopine 1 Publications Verification L-Saccharopine	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine), a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis .

HY-N2488

Demethylsuberosin 4 Publications Verification 7-Demethylsuberosin	Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Coumarins Phenols Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Echinacea angustifolia DC. Source Classification	Calcium Channel NO Synthase
Demethylsuberosin (7-Demethylsuberosin) is a coumarin compound found in Angelica gigas Nakai. Demethylsuberosin exerts antihypertensive effects by inhibiting the L-type Ca_V1.2 channel. Demethylsuberosin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Demethylsuberosin also exhibits neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced toxicity in primary cultured rat cortical cells .

HY-N7144A

Citronellyl acetate	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Pelargonium hortorum Plants Geraniaceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants PKC TRP Channel PKA
Citronellyl acetate, a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, is an orally active antinociceptive agent. Citronellyl acetate modulates TRPV1, TRPM8, ASIC, glutamate receptors, PKC, and PKA-mediated nociception. Citronellyl acetate can be used for the research of acute pain .

HY-W041489

Chelidonic acid 1 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Chelidonium majus Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Disease Research Fields Papaveraceae Cancer Source Classification	NF-κB Caspase
Chelidonic acid is a component of Chelidonium majus L., used as an antimicrobial. Chelidonic acid also shows anti-inflammatory activity. Chelidonic acid has potential to inhibit IL-6 production by blocking NF-κB and caspase-1 . Chelidonic acid is a glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor, with a K_i of 1.2 μM .

HY-100806R

Kynurenic acid (Standard) 5+ Cited Publications Quinurenic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Alkaloids Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Quinoline Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards iGluR Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis CXCR GPR35
Kynurenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Kynurenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Kynurenic acid, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting *NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8*.

HY-100804

L-Cysteinesulfinic acid 2 Publications Verification	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	mGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteinesulfinic acid is a potent agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) with pEC₅₀s of 3.92, 4.6, 3.9, 2.7, 4.0, and 3.94 for mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, and mGluR8, respectively .

HY-100807R

Quinolinic acid (Standard) 5+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Alkaloids Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Pyridine Alkaloids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards iGluR Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NO Synthase Apoptosis
Quinolinic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quinolinic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Quinolinic acid, an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan, is a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) agonist. Quinolinic acid increases glutamate efflux, induces the generation of ROS, activates nitric oxide synthase, produces excessive NO, leading to calcium ion influx and neuronal apoptosis.

HY-Z0283

Benzamide 1 Publications Verification Benzenecarboxamide; Phenylamide	Alkaloids Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite PARP
Benzamide (Benzenecarboxamide) is a potent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. Benzamide has protective activity against both glutamate- and methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity in vitro. Benzamide can attenuate the METH-induced dopamine depletions and exhibits neuroprotective activity in mice, also has no acute effect on striatal dopamine metabolism and does not reduce body temperature .

HY-17388

(±)-Huperzine A 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Terpenoids Huperziaceae Sesquiterpenes Huperzia serrata Plants Source Classification	Drug Isomer Cholinesterase (ChE) iGluR
(±)-Huperzine A is the racemate of (-)-Huperzine A (HY-17387). (-)-Huperzine A is an alkaloid isolated from Huperzia serrata, with neuroprotective activity. (-)-Huperzine A is a potent, highly specific, reversible and blood-brain barrier penetrant inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC₅₀ of 82 nM. (-)-Huperzine A also is non-competitive antagonist of *N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate* (NMDA) receptor**. (-)-Huperzine A is developed for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease .

HY-W002304

(R)-5-Oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Drug Derivative
(R)-5-Oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (D-Pyroglutamic acid) is a cyclic derivative of D-glutamate. (R)-5-Oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid can be used in the research of metabolic syndrome and end-stage renal disease .

HY-W017230

L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate 2 Publications Verification	Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	mGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate is a potent agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) with pEC₅₀s of 3.92, 4.6, 3.9, 2.7, 4.0, and 3.94 for mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, and mGluR8, respectively .

HY-N9404

6-Benzoylheteratisine	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Structural Classification Ranunculaceae Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. Plants Source Classification	Sodium Channel
6-Benzoylheteratisine is an Aconitum alkaloid with potential neuroprotective activity. 6-Benzoylheteratisine can antagonize tetrodotoxin, inhibit the increase of [Na ⁺]i, [Ca ²⁺]i and glutamate release, and block sodium channels. 6-Benzoylheteratisine has an inhibitory effect on the neuronal activity underlying epileptiform burst discharge .

HY-W014666R

Xanthurenic acid (Standard) 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Monophenols Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Phenols Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite mGluR Apoptosis
Xanthurenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Xanthurenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous *Group II metabotropic glutamate* receptor** agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

HY-N0391R

L-Citrulline (Standard)	Structural Classification Disease markers Endocrine diseases Amino acids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
L-Citrulline (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Citrulline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.

HY-W040307B

Saccharopine hydrochloride 1 Publications Verification L-Saccharopine hydrochloride	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine) hydrochloride, a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine hydrochloride by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine hydrochloride is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine hydrochloride impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis .

HY-15121R

L-Theanine (Standard) L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide (Standard); Nγ-Ethyl-L-glutamine (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Amino acids Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Source Classification Theaceae	Reference Standards Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
L-Theanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Theanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active .

HY-12688

Succinyl phosphonate	Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β
Succinyl phosphonate is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .

HY-B0158R

Cytidine (Standard) Cytosine β-D-riboside (Standard); Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms other families Animals Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite
Cytidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cytidine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function . In Vivo:Cytidine decreases glutamate/glutamine levels and induces earlier improvement of depressive symptoms .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-100806S

Kynurenic acid-d5 1 Publications Verification
Kynurenic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Kynurenic acid. Kynurenic acid, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting *NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor*. Kynurenic acid is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8 .

HY-14608S5

L-Glutamic acid-13C5 1 Publications Verification
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-Y0966S8

Glycine-d5
Glycine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-14608S7

L-Glutamic acid-d5
L-Glutamic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-N0215S12

L-Phenylalanine-d5

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0391S5

L-Citrulline-d7
L-Citrulline-d₇ is the deuterium labeled L-Citrulline. L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.

HY-14608S8

L-Glutamic acid-d3
L-Glutamic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-100807S

Quinolinic acid-d3 2 Publications Verification
Quinolinic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid, an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan, is a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) agonist. Quinolinic acid increases glutamate efflux, induces the generation of ROS, activates nitric oxide synthase, produces excessive NO, leading to calcium ion influx and neuronal apoptosis.

HY-14608S3

L-Glutamic acid-13C5,15N
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-N0215S1

L-Phenylalanine-d8

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine-d₈ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S8

L-Phenylalanine-13C6

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-Y0966S3

Glycine-13C2
Glycine- ¹³C₂ is the ¹³C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-W014666S

Xanthurenic acid-d4
Xanthurenic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Xanthurenic acid . Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus .

HY-Y0966S1

Glycine-d2
Glycine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S

Glycine-15N
Glycine- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors .

HY-N0391S4

L-Citrulline-d4
L-Citrulline-d₄ is the deuterium labeled L-Citrulline. L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.

HY-Y0966S6

Glycine-13C2,15N
Glycine- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-14608S

L-Glutamic acid-13C
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-N0215S10

L-Phenylalanine-13C9

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C₉ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-Y0966S10

Glycine-d3
Glycine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-N0391S3

L-Citrulline-13C
L-Citrulline- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Citrulline. L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.

HY-Y0966S2

Glycine-2-13C
Glycine-2- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S4

Glycine-1-13C
Glycine-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-14608S2

L-Glutamic acid-15N
L-Glutamic acid- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals .

HY-14608S1

L-Glutamic acid-1-13C
L-Glutamic acid-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-B0158S7

Cytidine-13C9
Cytidine- ¹³C₉ (Cytosine β-D-riboside- ¹³C₉) is ¹³C labeled Cytidine (HY-B0158). Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-100807S2

Quinolinic acid-13C4,15N
Quinolinic acid-13C4, 15N is an isotopic labeled Quinolinic acid (HY-100807). Quinolinic acid, an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan, is a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) agonist. Quinolinic acid increases glutamate efflux, induces the generation of ROS, activates nitric oxide synthase, produces excessive NO, leading to calcium ion influx and neuronal apoptosis.

HY-15121S

L-Theanine-d5
L-Theanine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Theanine. L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide）is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine causes anti-stress effects via the inhibition of cortical neuron excitation by oral intake .

HY-13653S1

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate-d4

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate-d₄ (EGCG-d₄) is the deuterium labeled (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (HY-13653). (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol in green tea, which can inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate inhibits glutamate dehydrogenase 1/2 (GDH1/2, GLUD1/2) activity. (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate has a potent anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against various types of cancers such as colorectal cancer, myeloid leukemia, thyroid carcinoma .

HY-N0215S5

L-Phenylalanine-15N

L-Phenylalanine- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S11

L-Phenylalanine-13C9,15N

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C₉, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-B0649S

Propofol-d17
Propofol-d₁₇ is the deuterium labeled Propofol. Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties .

HY-Y0966S7

Glycine-2-13C,15N
Glycine-2- ¹³C, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-B0158S6

Cytidine-15N3
Cytidine- ¹⁵N₃ is the ¹⁵N labeled Cytidine . Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-14608S6

L-Glutamic acid-5-13C
L-Glutamic acid-5- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-Y0069S

N-Acetylglycine-d5
N-Acetylglycine-d₅ (Aceturic acid-d₅) is the deuterium labeled N-Acetylglycine (HY-Y0069). N-Acetylglycine (Aceturic acid) is a minor constituent of numerous foods. N-Acetylglycine is a flavor enhancer which elicits Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-like sensory experiencesN-Acetylglycine .

HY-100808S

D-Serine-d3

D-Serine-d₃ ((R)-Serine-d₃) is a deuterium labeled D-Serine (HY-100808). D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the NMDA glutamate receptor. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration .

HY-N0215S3

L-Phenylalanine-d2

L-Phenylalanine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S7

L-Phenylalanine-3-13C

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine-3- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-Y0367S

Maleic acid-d2
Maleic Acid-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Maleic Acid . Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of E. coli and L. monocytogenes .

HY-B0649S1

Propofol-d18
Propofol-d₁₈ is the deuterium labeled Propofol. Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission .

HY-17412AS

Minocycline-d6

Minocycline-d₆ is deuterium labeled Minocycline (HY-17412A). Minocycline is an orally active, potent and BBB-penetrated semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic. Minocycline is a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α inhibitor. Minocycline shows anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and glutamate antagonist effects. Minocycline reduces glutamate neurotransmission and shows neuroprotective properties and antidepressant effects. Minocycline inhibits bacterial protein synthesis through binding with the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, resulting in a bacteriostatic effect .

HY-B0158S1

Cytidine-13C
Cytidine- ¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Cytidine. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine

HY-16973S

Fluralaner-13C2,15N,d3
Fluralaner- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N,d₃ is the deuterium, ¹³C-, and 15-labeled Fluralaner. Fluralaner (INN) is a systemic insecticide and acaricide Fluralaner through potent blockage of GABA and L-glutamate gated chloride channels.

HY-100807S1

Quinolinic acid-13C7
Quinolinic acid- ¹³C₇ is the ¹³C labeled Quinolinic acid (HY-100807). Quinolinic acid, an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan, is a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) agonist. Quinolinic acid increases glutamate efflux, induces the generation of ROS, activates nitric oxide synthase, produces excessive NO, leading to calcium ion influx and neuronal apoptosis.

HY-B0495S4

Lamotrigine-13C3
Lamotrigine- ¹³C₃ is the ¹³C-labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .

HY-14608S4

L-Glutamic acid-13C5,15N,d5
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N,d₅ is the deuterium, ¹³C-, and 15-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-113371S

2-Methylcitric acid-d3

2-Methylcitric acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled 2-Methylcitric acid. 2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate .

HY-15121S1

L-Theanine-13C2,15N2

L-Theanine- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N₂ (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N₂) is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Theanine (HY-15121). L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active.

HY-N0215S2

L-Phenylalanine-13C

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

Targets Recommended: Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) EAAT mGluR iGluR

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-N0390G

L-Glutamine	mTOR NF-κB STAT HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine GMP is L-Glutamine (HY-N0390) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-12879G

IWP-4	Wnt Casein Kinase	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Cancer
IWP-4 (GMP) is the GMP-grade form of IWP-4 (HY-12879). IWP-4 is a Wnt inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 25 nM. IWP-4 specifically inhibits casein kinase 1δ/ε (CK1δ/ε), with an IC₅₀ of 1.06 μM against wild-type CK1δ, 1.02 μM against the CK1δ kinase domain, and 7.07 μM against CK1ε; it shows enhanced inhibitory activity against the M82F CK1δ mutant (IC₅₀ = 0.14 μM). IWP-4 is applicable to research related to cancer, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and heart failure .

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Species:	Human (22) Mouse (8) E.coli (2)
Tag:	SUMO (3) His (23) Tag Free (3) Avi (2) GST (2) Flag (1) Fc (4)
Source:	HEK293 (13) E. coli Cell-free (1) Sf9 insect cells (8) E. coli (10)


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Host:	Rat (1) Mouse (17) Rabbit (35)
Reactivity:	Human (47) Rat (31) Mouse (33)
Application:	IHC-P (34) ICC/IF (19) IF-Tissue (2) IP (13) IHC-F (5) WB (42) FC (15) ELISA (19)
Isotype:	IgG (35) IgG1 (10) IgG2a (2) IgG2b (2)
Conjugation:	Non-conjugated (52) Biotin (3)
Clonality:	Monoclonal (37) Monoclonal Antibody (1) Recombinant (23)
Modification:	Phosphorylated (1) Unmodified (37)


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