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AGN 193109 is a retinoid analog, and acts as a specific and highly effective antagonist of retinoic acid receptors (RARs), with Kds of 2 nM, 2 nM, and 3 nM for RARα, RARβ, and RARγ, respectively. AGN 193109 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. AGN 193109 is the antidote for retinoic acidosis, that ameliorates the skin and mucosal toxicity.
Sodium alginate is the sodium salt of alginic acid. Sodium alginate can be extracted and purified from brown seaweed Laminaria japonica. Sodium alginate can be used in food additives and pharmaceuticals, adsorb heavy metal ions, and has mucosal-protective and hemostatic effects .
Rebamipide (OPC12759) is an orally active gastroprotective agent that enhances the production of endogenous PGs (especially intragastric PGE2) by inducing COX-2 expression, thereby protecting the gastric mucosa from injury. Rebamipide exerts anti-proliferative activity against gastric cancer cells. Rebamipide can be used in studies of mucosal protection, gastroduodenal ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer .
Berberrubine chloride is an orally active metabolite of berberine. Berberrubine chloride alleviates mucosal lesions and inflammation in mouse colitis models. Berberrubine chloride has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral activities .
Trimethyl chitosan (N,N,N-Trimethylchitosan) is a multifunctional polymer and a derivative of Chitosan (HY-B2144A). Trimethyl chitosan targets the absorption enhancing proteins of tight junctions of intestinal and mucosal epithelial cells, induces tight junction protein rearrangement, and increases intercellular permeability. Trimethyl chitosan can stimulate the activity of promoting transmembrane transport of hydrophilic drugs (such as peptides and proteins) and can be used for drug delivery and synthesis of nanoparticles .
Zinc Gluconate is a zinc supplement in the form of a gluconate salt, which plays a role in various physiological processes such as immune function, wound healing, and olfaction. Zinc Gluconate has a LD50 of 39.6 mg/kg in mice (Tail vein injection). Zinc Gluconate can be used in the research of inflammation, zinc deficiency, colds, cancer, and nutritional supplements .
Pentagastrin (ICI-50123) is a potent, selective Cholecystokinin B (CCKB) receptor agonist with an EC50 value of 11 nM. Pentagastrin enhances gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against acid and protects the gastric mucosa from experimental injury .
5-A-RU-PABC-Val-Cit-Fmoc is the proagent of 5-A-RU . 5-A-RU, a precursor of bacterial Riboflavin, is a mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells activator. 5-A-RU forms potent MAIT-activating antigens via non-enzymatic reactions with small molecules, such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal, which are derived from other metabolic pathways .
ZINC40099027 is a selective FAK activator. ZINC40099027 promotes FAK phosphorylation, without activating its paralogs Pyk2 and Src. ZINC40099027 promotes the wound closure of human intestinal epithelial monolayers and the healing of mouse ulcers by activating FAK. ZINC40099027 can be used for diseases related to gastrointestinal mucosal injury research .
Sucralfate (Sucrose octasulfate-aluminum complex) is a potent and orally active gastroprotectant with no systemic effects. Sucralfate inhibits peptic activity and binds to negatively charged subepithelial proteins exposed during mucosal injury, forming a viscous layer that protects the vascular bed and proliferative zone. Sucralfate is used for prevention and research of several gastrointestinal diseases in vivo .
N,N'-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), isolated from Allium sativum, is an orally active scavenger of hydroxyl radical (•OH) and blocks •OH production by activated neutrophils in vitro. N,N'-Dimethylthiourea protects against water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats by exerting its antioxidant action including •OH scavenging and anti-inflammatory action .
KAG-308 is a potent selective and orally active agonist of EP4 receptor (a prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype), suppresses colitis and promotes histological mucosal healing, potently inhibits TNF-α production. KAG-308 shows a Ki and an EC50 of 2.57 nM and 17 nM for human EP4 receptor, respectively, more selective over EP1, EP2, EP3 and IP receptor .
Escin IA is an oral LOXL2 inhibitor and EMT inhibitor, with selectivity for LOXL2-expressing cells. Escin IA suppresses invasion, migration, and metastasis of breast cancer cells, and acts as the primary anti-TNBC metastasis constituent of Aesculus chinensis Bunge fruit saponin fraction. Escin IA can be used for the research of triple-negative breast cancer, acute inflammation, and ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions .
Lysozyme (Muramidase) is a conserved antimicrobial protein. Lysozyme exerts its bactericidal effect by hydrolyzing bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (PG). Lysozyme plays an important role in limiting bacterial growth on mucosal surfaces and other sites, not only controlling potential pathogens but also limiting overgrowth of microbiota to prevent dysbiosis. Extracellular lysozyme can also degrade polymeric PG into soluble fragments, activate NOD receptors in mucosal epithelial cells, and lead to the secretion of chemokines and activating factors by neutrophils and macrophages .
Neuraminidase, Microorganism (Exo-α-sialidase) is an exosialidase, is often used in biochemical studies. Neuraminidase cleaves α-ketosidic linkage between the sialic (N-acetylneuraminic) acid and an adjacent sugar residue. Neuraminidase, derived from mucosal pathogens, is a virulence factor that modifies the host's response to infection .
Propacetamol hydrochloride is an orally active prodrug of paracetamol and an inducer of acute liver injury models, with multiple properties including antinociception, antioxidation and gastroprotection. Propacetamol hydrochloride potentiates Tramadol and attenuates Aspirin (HY-14654)-induced gastric mucosal damage and lipid peroxidation. Under specific conditions, Propacetamol hydrochloride also acts as a hepatotoxic inducer, triggering acute liver injury, oxidative stress and apoptosis, with strain differences in toxicity sensitivity. Propacetamol hydrochloride can be used in the research of acute liver injury, drug-induced hepatotoxicity and gastric mucosal damage .
Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide is a flavonoid found in Scutellaria baicalensis. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 612.13 and 980.73 μg/mL. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide suppresses NF-κB signaling activity. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide scavenges free radicals, acts as a tight junction protector, and mitigates intestinal mucosal barrier injury. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes and severe acute pancreatitis-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury .
Irsogladine (Dicloguamine) is an orally active gastric mucosal protective agent. Irsogladine inhibits breast cancer recurrence and lung metastasis in nude mice . Irsogladine inhibits the transcriptional activities of NF-κB and AP-1, suppresses the activities of PDE and PDE4 to elevate intracellular cAMP levels, and activates TRPV1 and KATP channels. Irsogladine enhances iNOS expression, NO production, and the activation of cAMP-responsive elements. Irsogladine inhibits the development and progression of intestinal polyps in Apc-mutant mice. Irsogladine alleviates oxidative stress, increases gastric mucosal blood flow, and stimulates the production of endogenous prostaglandins. Irsogladine promotes insulin secretion in MIN6 cells. Irsogladine inhibits tumor angiogenesis, cancer cell proliferation, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Irsogladine exerts protective effects on astrocytes in ethanol/hydrochloric acid-induced gastric ulcers in mice. Irsogladine prevents colitis in IL-10 gene-deficient mice by reducing the production of IL-12 and IL-23. Irsogladine upregulates gap junction intercellular communication in pancreatic cancer cells via the PKA pathway. Irsogladine is applicable to research related to breast cancer, intestinal polyposis, gastric ulcer, spontaneous colitis, glioma, liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer [5][6] .
Polycarbophil is an orally active hydrophilic polymer. Polycarbophil achieves bioadhesion through hydrogen bonding between carboxyl groups and mucosal surfaces, and prolongs compound retention time and regulates compound release through swelling properties. Polycarbophil relieves constipation and diarrhea .
Olaquindox, a quinoxalin derivative, is an orally active antibiotic. Olaquindox stimulates growth and decreases intestinal mucosal immunity of piglets .
Lafutidine (FRG-8813) is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist (H2RA), with proven gastric mucosal protective effects. Lafutidine can be used for the research of gastroesophageal reflux disease .
JTE-907 is a selective and orally active cannabinoid CB2 receptor inverse agonist and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. JTE-907 upregulates IL-6, MCP-1, IL-1β, VEGF, ANGPTL4, and TRPV1 in mature adipocytes. JTE-907 downregulates CB1, MCP-1, and IL-1β in preadipocytes. JTE-907 inhibits ear swelling in mice. JTE-907 reverses the protective effects of CB2 agonists and Anandamide (HY-10863) against cytokine-evoked colonic mucosal damage. JTE-907 can be used for the research of allergic dermatitis, obesity, and colitis .
Maresin 2 is an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediator. Maresin 2 drives intestinal epithelial cell migration by activating the focal cell-matrix adhesion signaling pathway in primary human intestinal epithelial cells, thereby promoting mucosal wound repair. Maresin 2 alleviates nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors in rats with type 1 diabetes by inhibiting IL-1β in the spinal cord and prefrontal cortex. Maresin 2 attenuates allergic airway inflammation in mice by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, Th2-type immune responses, and oxidative stress. Maresin 2 inhibits inflammatory and neuropathic trigeminal neuralgia and reduces neuronal activation in the trigeminal ganglion. Maresin 2 promotes inflammation resolution and mucosal repair after DSS-induced colitis or biopsy-induced colonic mucosal injury .
Tetragastrin (Cholecystokinin tetrapeptide; CCK-4) is the C-terminal tetrapeptide of gastrin. Tetragastrin can stimulate gastric secretion . Tetragastrin is a Cholecystokinin (CCK-4) receptor agonist . Gastric mucosal protection .
GSK1795091 (CRX-601), an immunologic stimulator, is a synthetic TLR4 agonist. Antitumor activity. GSK1795091 can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance both mucosal and systemic immunity to influenza virus vaccines. Not only, GSK1795091 inhibits tumor growth and increases the survival in mice model, but results in long term survival in influenza challenge model in mice .
Ontamalimab (SHP647) is a fully-human IgG2 monoclonal antibody targeting mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1). Ontamalimab can be used for the research of Crohn's disease .
Propacetamol is an orally active prodrug of Acetaminophen (HY-66005), which exerts antipyretic and analgesic effects after metabolism. Propacetamol reduces Aspirin (ASA) (HY-14654)-induced elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) in gastric mucosa and plasma, regulates the levels of gastric mucosal glutathione (GSH and GSSG) to maintain cellular antioxidant defense, and increases gastric mucosal uric acid (UA) levels. Propacetamol exerts a dose-dependent protective effect against ASA-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Propacetamol can be used for the study of gastric mucosal injury by interfering with oxidative stress .
Zolimidine, a derivate of imidazopyridine, is an orally active antiulcer agent. Zolimidine stimulates mucus secretion in intestinal mucosal cells and enhacnes intestinal wall more resistant to ulceration. Zolimidine exhibits gastroprotective effect in duodenal ulcer research .
ZL0590 is a potent, orally active BRD4 BD1-selective inhibitor with an IC50 of 90 nM for human BRD4 BD1. ZL0590 exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activities. ZL0590 can reduce mucosal inflammation in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease and restores tissue architecture. ZL0590 can be used in research on inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease .
NKP608 is a non-peptidic derivative of 4-aminopiperidine, a highly selective, orally active, neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist with IC50 of 2.6 nM. NKP608 is active both in vitro and in vivo, showing extremely low affinity for NK2, NK3 receptors. NKP608 exerts its effects by blocking the NK₁ receptor, regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis, affect neurotransmitter functions and gastric mucosal repair mechanisms, and suppress the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in antitumor research. NKP608 is applicable to research related to various diseases, including cough, anxiety disorders, depression, gastric mucosal injury, and colorectal cancer .
Cetraxate hydrochloride (DV-1006), an orally active anti-ulcer agent with mucosal protective effects, can be used for gastric ulcers research . Cetraxate hydrochloride is a potent acrosomal proteinase acrosin inhibitor with a Ki and an IC50 of 0.94 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively .
Human α-Defensin 6, a 32-residue cysteine-rich peptide, can inhibit bacterial invasion and contribute to the mucosal immunity. Human α-Defensin 6 forms ordered self-assembly fibrils and nanonets that surround and entangle bacteria after stochastic binding to bacterial surface proteins. Human α-Defensin 6 also inhibits C. albicans biofilm formation .
HDL-16 is a potent P2Y14R antagonist with an IC50 of 0.3095 nM. HDL-16 ameliorates DSS (HY-116282C)-induced colitis through suppressing necroptosis of intestinal epithelium cells (IECs) and protecting mucosal barrier function .
Aspirin Aluminum is a novel intermolecular compound which can inhibit gastrointestinal mucosal disorders induced by NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents) extracted from patent WO 2010064441 A1.
Lipoxin B4 (LXB4) is a structurally distinct product of arachidonic acid metabolism. Lipoxin B4 reduces leukocyte infiltration and mucus secretion in the nasal mucosa and decreases mast cell and eosinophil degranulation in the upper airway. Lipoxin B4 decreases airway inflammation, mucus metaplasia and hyper- responsiveness in the lower airway. Lipoxin B4 shows mucosal protective actions and has the potential for the research of allergic inflammation in the upper and lower airways .
Nocloprost, a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) analog, is an orally active EP1- and EP3-receptor agonist. Nocloprost inhibits evoked [ 3H]ACh release. Nocloprost has gastroprotective and ulcer-healing properties. Nocloprost accelerates the healing of chronic gastric ulcerations and enhances mucosal growth in rats .
IT 066 hydrochloride is a Histamine H2 receptor antagonist. IT 066 hydrochloride possesses antioxidant activity and can protect rats against acute gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. IT 066 hydrochloride can also inhibit secretagogue-induced gastric acid secretion in rats and exert a long-acting anti-lesion effect on experimental gastric and duodenal lesions in rats. IT 066 hydrochloride is applicable for the research of gastrointestinal diseases .
Rebamipide mofetil is an orally active proagent of Rebamipide (OPC12759). Rebamipide is a mucoprotective agent. Rebamipide induces COX-2 expression, increases PGE2 levels, and enhances gastric mucosal defense in a COX-2-dependent manner .
Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP) II, human is a 33-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal of proglucagon and mainly produced by the intestinal L cells. Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP) II, human stimulates intestinal mucosal growth and decreases apoptosis of enterocytes .
CL 277082 is a potent and selective acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor in microsomes. CL 277082 inhibits ACAT with IC50 values of 0.14 μM for intestinal mucosal microsomes, 0.74 μM for liver, and 1.18 μM for rat adrenal. CL 277082 is a ACAT-catalyzed cholesterol esterification and cholesterol absorption inhibitor .
Human β-defensin-2 (HβD-2) is a small cysteine-rich cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) produced by a number of epithelial cells.Human β-defensin-2 has antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria and Candida, but not gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus . Human β-defensin-2 can be used for the study of colitis .
AV023 is a potent inhibitor of ANKRD22. AV023 promotes the expansion of gastrointestinal mucosal epithelial stem cells and indirectly activates the Wnt classical pathway, which helps the recovery of damaged gastrointestinal mucosal tissues in the body (extracted from patent CN111205231B) .
Rebamipide-d4 is deuterium labeled Rebamipide. Rebamipide is a mucoprotective agent. Rebamipide induces COX-2 expression, increases PGE2 levels, and enhances gastric mucosal defense in a COX-2-dependent manner .
(5E,9E,13E)-Teprenone ((5E,9E,13E)-Geranylgeranylacetone) is an isomer of Teprenone with antiulcer activity. (5E,9E,13E)-Teprenone induces transcriptional activation of HSP genes that may increase gastric mucosal defense at conditions of stress .
Rebamipide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rebamipide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rebamipide (OPC12759) is an orally active gastroprotective agent that enhances the production of endogenous PGs (especially intragastric PGE2) by inducing COX-2 expression, thereby protecting the gastric mucosa from injury. Rebamipide exerts anti-proliferative activity against gastric cancer cells. Rebamipide can be used in studies of mucosal protection, gastroduodenal ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer .
S-Carboxymethyl-L-cysteine L-lysine monohydrate (Carbocisteine lysine) is a mucosal active drug with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which can be used in the research of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) .
Human IL22 mRNA encodes the human interleukin 22 (IL22) protein, a member of the IL10 family of cytokines that mediate cellular inflammatory responses. IL22 functions in antimicrobial defense at mucosal surfaces and in tissue repair. It also has pro-inflammatory properties and plays a role in in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases.
MMV665917 is an orally active piperazine derivative with anti-Cryptosporidium parvum activity with an EC90 of 15 μM. MMV665917 significantly reduces the parasite load in a porcine model infected with C. hominis, decreases ovarian excretion, alleviates diarrhea symptoms and reduces intestinal mucosal damage. MMV665917 can be used for research on Cryptosporidium parvum disease .
KW-5805 is an anti-ulcer agent that promotes the biosynthesis, storage and secretion of gastric mucus, improves gastric mucosal hemodynamics, and inhibits the decrease in gastric mucosal blood volume and mucosal oxygenation caused by steroid shock .
Amogastrin is a tetrapeptide that stimulates gastric extraction of 99mTc pertechnetate. Amogastrin can be used for the research of gastric mucosal disease imaging. Amogastrin stimulates the production of prostate hormones .
Rioprostil (TR4698) is an orally effective analogue of prostaglandin E1, possessing potent antisecretory and anti-gastric lesion properties. Rioprostil can be utilized in mucosal protection research .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) TFA is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) TFA has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
Olaquindox (Standard) is the analytical standard of Olaquindox. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Olaquindox, a quinoxalin derivative, is an orally active antibiotic. Olaquindox stimulates growth and decreases intestinal mucosal immunity of piglets .
Povafonidine (PGE-6201204) is a potent α2 adrenoreceptor agonist. Povafonidine can constrict blood vessels and reduce mucosal congestion. Povafonidine can be used for nasal congestion research .
Urease-IN-20 (compound XBP2) is an inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Urease-IN-20 inhibits H. pylori with an IC50 of 0.14 μM. Urease-IN-20 reduces cell Apoptosis and decreases ROS and γH2AX in GES-1 cells infected with H. pylori. Urease-IN-20 exhibits significant gastric mucosal protective effects. Urease-IN-20 shows the potential for H. pylori research .
Tangshenoside V is a phenylpropanoid glucoside found in the roots of Codonopsis tangshen. Tangshenoside V has potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and mucosal protective effects. Tangshenoside V can be used for the researches of inflammation, immunology and neurological disease .
IO-21 (Compound 3) is a candidate cytoprotective agent. IO-21 exhibits a marked cytoprotective effect. IO-21 shows a potent inhibitory activity against HCl•ethanol-induced lesions. IO-21 shows a MIC of 50 μg/mL against Helicobacter pylori 7795. IO-21 can be used in the research of gastric mucosal ulcers .
Cetraxate is an orally active antiulcer Drug. Cetraxate increases the blood flow of gastric mucosal. Cetraxate increases the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in smokers when in combination with Omeprazole (HY-B0113),Amoxicillin (HY-B0467A), and Clarithromycin (HY-17508) .
Nepaprazole (rel-TY-11345 free base) is a proton pump inhibitor. Nepaprazole inhibits H +/K +-ATPase activity in isolated rabbit gastric mucosal microsomes with the IC50 values of 5.8 μM and 9.9 μM at pH 6.0 and pH 7.4, respectively. Nepaprazole can be used for study of peptic ulcer diseases .
Spizofurone is an anti-ulcer compound with increased gastric mucosal blood flow activity and oral activity. Spizofurone has a similar mechanism of action to PGE2 (HY-101952), Spizofurone is capable of acting through local and systemic pathways and may promote ulcer healing by improving blood supply to the gastric mucosa. Spizofurone can be used to study the development strategy of gastric ulcer .
Lafutidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lafutidine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lafutidine (FRG-8813) is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist (H2RA), with proven gastric mucosal protective effects. Lafutidine can be used for the research of gastroesophageal reflux disease .
Mezolidon (KM-1146) is a compound with anti-ulcer activity, which exerts its anti-ulcer activity by enhancing the defense ability of gastric mucosa, especially by increasing and maintaining gastric mucosal blood flow and protecting gastric mucosal potential difference. Mezolidon can be used for the study of gastric mucosal protection .
Propacetamol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Propacetamol (HY-145453). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Propacetamol is an orally active prodrug of Acetaminophen (HY-66005), which exerts antipyretic and analgesic effects after metabolism. Propacetamol reduces Aspirin (ASA) (HY-14654)-induced elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) in gastric mucosa and plasma, regulates the levels of gastric mucosal glutathione (GSH and GSSG) to maintain cellular antioxidant defense, and increases gastric mucosal uric acid (UA) levels. Propacetamol exerts a dose-dependent protective effect against ASA-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Propacetamol can be used for the study of gastric mucosal injury by interfering with oxidative stress .
Olaquindox-d4 is the deuterium labeled Olaquindox (HY-N0465) . Olaquindox, a quinoxalin derivative, is an orally active antibiotic. Olaquindox stimulates growth and decreases intestinal mucosal immunity of piglets .
Escin IIa, isolated from horse chestnut, the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L., has positive effects on acute inflammation in animals. Escin IIa has gastroprotections on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats .
Escin IIb, isolated from horse chestnut, the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L., has positive effects on acute inflammation in animals . Escin IIb showed potent protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions .
Pentagastrin (ICI-50123) meglumine is a potent, selective Cholecystokinin B (CCKB) receptor agonist with an EC50 value of 11 nM. Pentagastrin meglumine enhances gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against acid and protects the gastric mucosa from experimental injury .
L-649923 is an orally active CysLT1 antagonist. L-649923 reduced the incidence of gastritis in an animal model of acute gastric mucosal injury. L-649923 can be used in research on diseases such as asthma and gastritis .
Berberrubine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Berberrubine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Berberrubine chloride is an orally active metabolite of berberine. Berberrubine chloride alleviates mucosal lesions and inflammation in mouse colitis models. Berberrubine chloride has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral activities .
Lafutidine-d10 is deuterium labeled Lafutidine. Lafutidine (FRG-8813) is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist (H2RA), with proven gastric mucosal protective effects. Lafutidine can be used for the research of gastroesophageal reflux disease .
GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR) .
Human CCL28 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 28 (CCL28) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for resting CD4 or CD8 T cells and eosinophils. CCL28 may play a role in the physiology of extracutaneous epithelial tissues, including diverse mucosal organs.
GLP-2(rat) TFA is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) TFA stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) TFA enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR) .
Saussureamine C shows gastroprotective effect on acidified ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. Saussureamine C inhibits H274Y and N294S mutants and can be used for research of influenza virus infection. Saussureamine C can be isolated from the dried roots of Saussurea lappa Clarke .
Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide (Hy-N2376). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide is a flavonoid found in Scutellaria baicalensis. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 612.13 and 980.73 μg/mL. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide suppresses NF-κB signaling activity. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide scavenges free radicals, acts as a tight junction protector, and mitigates intestinal mucosal barrier injury. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes and severe acute pancreatitis-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury .
AU-006 is an orally active inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, with anti-ulcer effects. AU-006 does not rely on NO and mucus regulation. AU-006 significantly prevents 95% of gastric mucosal damage caused by ethanol and has broad-spectrum protective effects against chemical corrosive damage. AU-006 can be used for research on gastric ulcers . .
N,N'-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), isolated from Allium sativum, is an orally active scavenger of hydroxyl radical (•OH) and blocks •OH production by activated neutrophils in vitro. N,N'-Dimethylthiourea protects against water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats by exerting its antioxidant action including •OH scavenging and anti-inflammatory action .
Garomefrine hydrochlorid (ABT-232) is an α1A-adrenergic agonist with the potential to inhibit urinary incontinence. Garomefrine hydrochlorid showed the greatest contractility in pig nasal mucosal vessels. The biological activity of Garomefrine hydrochlorid has been shown to give it a competitive advantage compared to other drugs. The potency of Garomefrine hydrochlorid makes it a valuable research object in related research .
Famotidine GMP (MK-208 GMP) is Famotidine (HY-B0377) produced in GMP guideline. Famotidine GMP is a competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist, inhibits gastric secretion, activates the gastric mucosal defensive mechanisms. Famotidine GMP ameliorates peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD/GORD) in rats model .
Sucralfate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sucralfate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sucralfate (Sucrose octasulfate-aluminum complex) is a potent and orally active gastroprotectant with no systemic effects. Sucralfate inhibits peptic activity and binds to negatively charged subepithelial proteins exposed during mucosal injury, forming a viscous layer that protects the vascular bed and proliferative zone. Sucralfate is used for prevention and research of several gastrointestinal diseases in vivo .
AGN 193109 is a retinoid analog, and acts as a specific and highly effective antagonist of retinoic acid receptors (RARs), with Kds of 2 nM, 2 nM, and 3 nM for RARα, RARβ, and RARγ, respectively. AGN 193109 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. AGN 193109 is the antidote for retinoic acidosis, that ameliorates the skin and mucosal toxicity.
FAK activator-1 is a FAK activator and mucosal healing inducer.FAK activator-1 increases FAK phosphorylation at Tyr-397, promoting FAK activation.FAK activator-1 promotes mucosal healing.FAK activator-1 can be used for the research of nsaid-associated gastrointestinal mucosal injury .
Osutidine is a selective histamine H2 receptor antagonist, can effectively inhibit histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Osutidine does not affect [ 14C]aminopyrine accumulation stimulated by carbachol or dibutyryl-cAMP. Osutidine is insurmountable and includes non-competitive inhibition. Osutidine can be used for the study of gastric mucosal injury .
Bencyclane (fumarate) is a vasodilating calcium channel blocker. Bencyclane (fumarate) can attenuate mucosal damage in intestinal ischaemia reperfusion injury rat model. Bencyclane (fumarate) can be studied in research on peripheral arterial occlusice diseases .
FCE 20700 is an orally active PGE2 analogue. FCE 20700 can prevent gastric mucosal damage and in inhibit gastric acid and pepsin secretion. FCE 20700 can be used for the research of gastrointestinal ulcer .
AY-31574 is a 3, 5-difluoro derivative and selective mucosal protectant. AY-31574 is equipotent with Ranitidine (HY-B0693) against gastric injury caused by stress .
6-Gingediol (compound 13) is a pungent component of ginger with potential anti-serotonin and gastric mucosal protective effects. 6-Gingediol has no pungent effect at concentrations below 10 μM, but the pungent effect is significant at concentrations above 100 μM or even 1000 μM .
DL-Methionine methylsulfonium (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-Methionine methylsulfonium (chloride) (HY-N6655). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-methionine methylsulfonium chloride is a naturally occurring methionine derivative. DL-methionine methylsulfonium chloride protects gastric mucosal from ethanol-induced damage .
Zolimidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Zolimidine (HY-108278). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Zolimidine, a derivate of imidazopyridine, is an orally active antiulcer agent. Zolimidine stimulates mucus secretion in intestinal mucosal cells and enhacnes intestinal wall more resistant to ulceration. Zolimidine exhibits gastroprotective effect in duodenal ulcer research .
Jujubasaponin IV is a triterpenoid saponin compound found in Zizyphi Fructus. Animal studies have shown that Jujubasaponin IV possesses certain anti-ulcer activity, possibly through mechanisms such as enhancing the gastric mucosal barrier or inhibiting gastric acid secretion. Jujubasaponin IV can be used in research on digestive system diseases, particularly in the study of gastric ulcer mechanisms .
N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
Polygalasaponin XXXI (Onjisaponin F) is an effective adjuvant for intranasal administration of influenza Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine to protect influenza virus infection .
Ro 18-5364 is an inhibitor of gastric H+/K+ ATPase, which has the effect of inhibiting the activity of the enzyme. Ro 18-5364 has a very strong inhibitory effect on gastric mucosal H+/K+ ATPase, and the inhibitory effect is more significant at low pH. At the same time, there is no selectivity difference between the two enantiomers of H+/K+ ATPase, and its inhibitory effect can be studied and verified by a variety of experimental methods, including inhibition of enzyme activity, proton transport, and studies on its binding.
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
Candidalysin is a cytolytic peptide toxin secreted by the fungus Candida albicans. Candidalysin drives epithelial immune responses by activating the EGFR-MAPK signaling pathway, inducing MMP expression and calcium influx, and regulating the c-Fos transcription factor and MKP1 via p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 respectively. Candidalysin is essential for mucosal and systemic infections, activating NLRP3 to promote inflammatory responses, neutrophil recruitment, and Th17 immunity. Candidalysin activates LDH causing membrane damage and exhibiting cytotoxicity
AGN 193109 sodium is the sodium salt form of AGN 193109 (HY-U00449). AGN 193109 sodium is the pan antagonist for retinoic acid receptor (RAR), with Kd of 2, 2 and 3 nM, for RARα, RARβ and RARγ, respectively. AGN 193109 sodium reverses TTNPB-induced morphology changes and all-trans retinoic acid (tRA)/9-cis RA/13-cis RA-induced proliferation suppression in ECE16-1 cell. AGN 193109 sodium is the antidote for retinoic acidosis, that ameliorates the skin and mucosal toxicity .
AGN 193109 (GMP) is AGN 193109 (HY-U00449) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AGN 193109 is a specific and highly effective retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist . AGN 193109 (GMP) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. AGN 193109 is the antidote for retinoic acidosis, that ameliorates the skin and mucosal toxicity.
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .
Arecaidine is a GABA transport system inhibitor. Arecaidine inhibits the proliferation of oral mucosal fibroblasts, increases the secretion of IL-6, TGF-β and TNF-α in cells, downregulates the expression of PPAR-γ and PCK1 in cells, and upregulates the expression of TGF-β1. Arecaidine inhibits the uptake of γ-aminobutyric acid and β-alanine by the central nervous system of cats . Arecaidine inhibits hPAT1-mediated L-[ 3H]proline uptake in cells. Arecaidine can be used in research related to neurological diseases .
FFA2 agonist-1 (Compound 4) is the agonist for Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2/GPR43) with an EC50 of 81 nM. FFA2 agonist-1 exhibits activity in β-arrestin-2 recruitment assay and cAMP inhibition assay with EC50 of 1.2 μM and 0.53 μM. FFA2 agonist-1 leads to appetite regulating
peptide YY (PYY) mucosal responses, inhibits the fat accumulation, intestinal functions and food intake, and can be used for obesity research .
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .
6′-Galactosyllactose is the main oligosaccharide that makes up galactose, a component of human milk. 6′-Galactosyllactose can synthesize human milk oligosaccharides and synthetic galactosyllactose with 3′-Galactosyllactose and 4′-Galactosyllactose, and reduce inflammation in human T84, NCM-460 and H4 cells and intestinal tissues .
N-Acetyl mesalazine- 13C6 (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid- 13C6) is a deuterated labeled N-Acetyl mesalazine (HY-66008). N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
N-Acetyl mesalazine-d3 (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid-d3) is the deuterium labeled N-Acetyl mesalazine (HY-66008). N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
N-Acetyl mesalazine (Standard) (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid (Standard)) is the analytical standard of N-Acetyl mesalazine (HY-66008). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
N-Acetyl mesalazine-d3-1 (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid-d3-1) is deuterium labeled N-Acetyl mesalazine (HY-66008). N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
Periplanetasin-4 is an antimicrobial peptide that can be derived from the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). Periplanetasin-4 reduces cell rounding and apoptosis. Periplanetasin-4 blocks Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced ROS production and the activation of downstream p38 MAPK and p21. Periplanetasin-4 significantly increases mitochondrial calcium level, reduces DPH fluorescence intensity and vacuolar dysfunction in Candida albicans ATCC 90028 cells. Periplanetasin-4 significantly ameliorates toxin A-induced mucosal damage in the mouse gut. Periplanetasin-4 can be used for the study of colitis .
6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (6-MNA) is the active metabolite of Nabumetone (HY-B0559). 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is also an inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid can inhibit the synthesis of gastric mucosalprostaglandin E2. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid can be used in the research of inflammation and pain-related diseases. In addition, 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is an impurity in Naproxen (HY-15030) and can also be used in the synthesis of other active compounds .
Hecogenin acetate is an orally active steroid saponin aglycone with extensive biological activities. Hecogenin acetate inhibits the phosphorylation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, antagonizes TRPA1/TRPM8 channels, inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Hecogenin acetate inhibits the production of ROS and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome; downregulates the expression of MMP-2, and has neuroprotective and anti-tumor activities. Hecogenin acetate enhances gastric mucosal defense and promotes ulcer healing. Hecogenin acetate can be used in combination with certain antibiotics to regulate bacterial efflux pumps and restore antibiotic sensitivity .
GEA 3162 is an orally active compound that acts as a NO/ONOO⁻ donor. GEA 3162 significantly inhibits the activation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) through the cGMP pathway, inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators, and exerts anti-inflammatory and protective effects. GEA 3162 induces apoptosis of neutrophils and bone marrow cells by activating caspase-2/3/8/9 through the ONOO⁻ pathway. GEA 3162 has a bidirectional effect in the rat gastric ulcer model: at low doses, it significantly reduces gastric mucosal damage, while at high doses, it aggravates the ulcer area. GEA 3162 can be used for research on inflammatory conditions such as gastric ulcers .
GEA 3162 hydrochloride is an orally active compound that acts as a NO/ONOO⁻ donor. GEA 3162 hydrochloride significantly inhibits the activation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) through the cGMP pathway, inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators, and exerts anti-inflammatory and protective effects. GEA 3162 hydrochloride induces apoptosis of neutrophils and bone marrow cells by activating caspase-2/3/8/9 through the ONOO⁻ pathway. GEA 3162 hydrochloride has a bidirectional effect in the rat gastric ulcer model: at low doses, it significantly reduces gastric mucosal damage, while at high doses, it aggravates the ulcer area. GEA 3162 hydrochloride can be used for research on inflammatory conditions such as gastric ulcers .
7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin is a coumarin compound derived from Artemisia caruifolia with oral activity. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pore and H +/K +-ATPase, and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, renoprotective, neuroprotective and gastroprotective effects. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin reduces lipid peroxidation (TBARS), increases GSH levels, inhibits myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and regulates the expression of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the NF‑κB and MAPK pathways. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin ameliorates gastric mucosal injury, alleviates renal tissue lesions and relieves neuropathic pain. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin can be used in studies related to acute renal failure, trigeminal neuralgia and gastritis .
HS101 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants .
HS105 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants .
GW559090 is a selective, competitive, and high-affinity α4 integrin antagonist with a Kd of 0.19 nM for α4β1. GW559090 can effectively block the binding of α4β1 to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and fibronectin with IC50 values of 7.72 and 8.04 nM. GW559090 also inhibits the interaction between α4β7 and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) (IC50 = 23 nM). GW559090 can inhibit inflammatory infiltration in the eyes, repair the corneal barrier and restore the function of goblet cells. GW559090 can be used for research of Sjögren's syndrome associated dry eye .
PY109 is an orally active and highly selective aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist. PY109's EC50 values in human-derived HepG2 and mouse Hepa-1c1c7 cells are 1.2 nM and 1.4 nM respectively. PY109 significantly upregulates the expression of CYP1A1 and IL-22, and inhibits the expression of IL-17A. PY109 significantly improves colitis in mice. PY109 can be used for research on colitis .
Blue dextran (Dextran blue) (MW 10000) is a 10 kDa osmotic dextran. Blue dextran (MW 10000) penetrates all sublayers of the pre-epithelial mucus gel layer in the rat distal colon and is taken up by the nuclei of surface cells in the rat distal colonic mucosa. Blue dextran (MW 10000) is not blocked by the pre-epithelial mucus gel layer of the rat distal colon, which acts as a diffusion barrier .
ISM012-042 is an orally active PHD1 and PHD2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.9 and 2.5 nM, respectively. ISM012-042 (2.5 μM) can protect Caco-2 cells from DSS-induced barrier disruption. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC), ISM012-042 has anti-inflammatory effects and can dose-dependently reduce the expression of IL-12 subunit IL-12p35 and TNF. ISM012-042 restores intestinal barrier function and alleviates intestinal inflammation in various experimental colitis models. ISM012-042 can be used for intestinal mucosal repair and research into immune diseases .
Mucinase StcE is a zinc metalloproteinase belonging to the M66 family, which is secreted by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli via the type II general secretion pathway. Mucinase StcE specifically recognizes and cleaves the 'T*XT' motif in mucin-type glycoproteins with α-O-glycans (such as MUC2, Mucin 7, Glycoprotein 340, CD45, CD43, C1 Esterase Inhibitor (HY-P991629), etc.). By degrading the mucus layer to reduce its viscosity, inhibiting complement cascade activation, and localizing complement regulatory factors to the cell membrane, Mucinase StcE helps bacteria penetrate the mucosal barrier, adhere to host cells, and evade immune clearance. Mucinase StcE can serve as a mucin-specific proteolytic tool for research on mucinous carcinomas derived from the colon, esophagus, and salivary glands .
Cholic acid 7-sulfate (7-Sulfocholic acid) is a selective agonist targeting TGR5 (EC50=0.17 μM) and a ligand for MHC class I-related protein (MR1). As a gut-restricted TGR5 agonist, cholic acid 7-sulfate binds to TGR5 on enteroendocrine L cells, induces GLP-1 secretion, and improves glucose tolerance in a TGR5-dependent manner. Cholic acid 7-sulfate also acts as an endogenous ligand for MR1, promoting the survival of mucosal-associated invariant T cells MAIT and the expression of homeostatic gene signatures, affecting MAIT cell development and function. Cholic acid 7-sulfate is mainly used in the research of diabetes and MAIT cell-related immune regulation .
D-CopA3 is the inhibitor for MDM2 and the activator for p53 signaling pathway. D-CopA3 exhibits cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer cells HCT-116, LoVo, and RKO (IC50=15-18 μM), induces JNK/Beclin-1 mediated autophagy. D-CopA3 downregulates the expression of cell cycle inhibitory protein p21Cip1/Waf1, enhances the mucosal barrier function and reduces penetration of inflammatory mediators. D-CopA3 exhibits anti-inflammtory activity in mouse C. difficile toxin A-induced acute enteritis models and DSS (HY-116282)-induced chronic colitis models. D-CopA3 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse HCT-116 xenograft models .
Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) is an anti-mouse/rat/human CD47/IAP IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) can effectively block CD47 signaling and enhance macrophage phagocytic function. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) can increase the infiltration of immune cells. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) may interfere with wound healing. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) can be used for researches on cancer and inflammation conditions such as breast cancer and intestinal mucosal repair .
6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (Standard) (6-MNA (Standard)) is the analytical standard of 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (HY-B2121). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (6-MNA) is the active metabolite of Nabumetone (HY-B0559). 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is also an inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid can inhibit the synthesis of gastric mucosalprostaglandin E2. 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid can be used in the research of inflammation and pain-related diseases. In addition, 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is an impurity in Naproxen (HY-15030) and can also be used in the synthesis of other active compounds.
N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide (2-Maleimidoethylamine) hydrochloride is a selective covalent binding agent for thiol groups (RSGs), covalently binding to thiols via an irreversible thioether bond to prepare MMP-2-sensitive nanosystems. Under near-neutral conditions, the maleimide group in N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide hydrochloride binds to thiol groups via a nucleophilic addition reaction, and can be used to modify polymers or biological interfaces, enhancing mucosal adhesion and regulating the surface charge of biological interfaces. N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide hydrochloride can optimize the adhesion performance of drug delivery carriers and cell interactions with biological interfaces, and is applied in transmucosal drug delivery systems (such as drug carriers for oral and bladder sites) and biomaterial surface engineering research, providing support for tissue implantation, regeneration, and related drug delivery .
Transfluthrin is an insecticide with extremely low acute toxicity to vertebrates. It acts as a mosquito repellent, exerts mosquito control effects via electric heating fumigators, and is widely used in studies related to malaria, bancroftian filariasis and mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Transfluthrin may also induce adverse reactions such as pulmonary sensory irritation, sensitization, genotoxicity and respiratory depression, and can increase the concentrations and activities of CYP2E1 and CYP3A2 in rat brains. Transfluthrin can be removed from wastewater through biodegradation and activated sludge adsorption, and can be degraded by microorganisms such as *Azovibrio* and *Tauera* .
Cholic acid 7-sulfate-d4 (7-Sulfocholic acid-d4) is the deuterium labeled Cholic acid 7-sulfate (HY-126855). Cholic acid 7-sulfate is a selective agonist targeting TGR5 (EC50=0.17 μM) and a ligand for MHC class I-related protein (MR1). As a gut-restricted TGR5 agonist, cholic acid 7-sulfate binds to TGR5 on enteroendocrine L cells, induces GLP-1 secretion, and improves glucose tolerance in a TGR5-dependent manner. Cholic acid 7-sulfate also acts as an endogenous ligand for MR1, promoting the survival of mucosal-associated invariant T cells MAIT and the expression of homeostatic gene signatures, affecting MAIT cell development and function. Cholic acid 7-sulfate is mainly used in the research of diabetes and MAIT cell-related immune regulation .
Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) is an anti-mouse CD47/IAP IgG2a monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can effectively block CD47 signaling and enhance macrophage phagocytic function. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can increase the infiltration of immune cells. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) restores the phagocytic function of myeloid cells and alleviate B cell inhibition. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) may interfere with wound healing. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can be used for researches on cancer, inflammation and infection conditions such as melanoma, intestinal mucosal repair and sepsis .
Δ7-Avenasterol (Delta-7-avenasterol) is a phytosterol that binds to prostaglandin E2 receptor (prostaglandin E2 receptor) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Δ7-Avenasterol is applicable to research related to gastric ulcer, anti-inflammation and antioxidation .
IGN-2098 is an orally active, competitive histamine H2 receptor antagonist with a pA2 value of 7.32. IGN-2098 inhibits basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion. IGN-2098 accelerates ulcer healing, suppresses ulcer edge elevation, and protects gastric and duodenal mucosa from damage. IGN-2098 can be used in research related to gastric ulcers .
Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) is a rat-derived anti-LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 IgG2a, κ type antibody inhibitor. Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) specifically reacts with both chains of the α4β7 heterodimer and blocks the adhesion to immobilized mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1). Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) suppresses the proliferation and cytokine secretion of CD8+ T cells. Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) decreases Peyer’s patches and follicular B cells in mice. Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) can be used for the researches of inflammation, such as ulcerative colitis .
FAPI-X5 is a fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor. FAPI-X5 binds to the FAP catalytic domain, forming hydrogen bonds with key active residues and engaging in π-π stacking to drive functional inhibition. FAPI-X5 exhibits albumin binding activity to prolong systemic circulation half-life. FAPI-X5 induces cytostatic effects on glioblastoma tumors, slowing tumor growth without regression. FAPI-X5, when labeled with 68Ga, acts as a PET tracer with rapid tumor uptake and high-contrast imaging in glioblastoma tumor-bearing mice. FAPI-X5, when labeled with 177Lu or 47Sc, functions as a targeted radionuclide agent with prolonged tumor retention. FAPI-X5 can be used for the research of glioblastoma .
CCK2R agonist-1 (Compound 2S) is a CCK2R agonist, with an IC50 of 48 nM against wild-type CCK-2R and an IC50 of 450 nM against mutant CCK-2R (N353L). CCK2R agonist-1 stimulates the production of inositol phosphate. The changes in pH and HDC induced by CCK2R agonist-1 in mice are comparable to those induced by the full-length peptide agonist Gastrin. CCK2R agonist-1 can be used in studies of gastric diseases and pain .
(10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid (trans-10,cis-12 CLA2) is an orally active PPARα activator and inhibits adipocyte differentiation. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid and its downstream metabolites have various antioxidant and antitumor activities. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can induce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which would lead to decreased adipogenesis and insulin resistance in adipose tissue. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can affect many aspects of milk fat synthesis. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid reduces expression of lipogenic enzymes and inhibits the desaturation of fatty acids. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can reduce lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes and enhance triacylglycerol release from these cells. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid decreases the expression of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desatyrase mRNA in mice. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid is associated with changes in mucosalNF-κB and Cyclin D1 protein levels in mice .
AGN 193109 (GMP) is AGN 193109 (HY-U00449) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AGN 193109 is a specific and highly effective retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist . AGN 193109 (GMP) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. AGN 193109 is the antidote for retinoic acidosis, that ameliorates the skin and mucosal toxicity.
Famotidine GMP (MK-208 GMP) is Famotidine (HY-B0377) produced in GMP guideline. Famotidine GMP is a competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist, inhibits gastric secretion, activates the gastric mucosal defensive mechanisms. Famotidine GMP ameliorates peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD/GORD) in rats model .
Trimethyl chitosan (N,N,N-Trimethylchitosan) is a multifunctional polymer and a derivative of Chitosan (HY-B2144A). Trimethyl chitosan targets the absorption enhancing proteins of tight junctions of intestinal and mucosal epithelial cells, induces tight junction protein rearrangement, and increases intercellular permeability. Trimethyl chitosan can stimulate the activity of promoting transmembrane transport of hydrophilic drugs (such as peptides and proteins) and can be used for drug delivery and synthesis of nanoparticles .
N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide (2-Maleimidoethylamine) hydrochloride is a selective covalent binding agent for thiol groups (RSGs), covalently binding to thiols via an irreversible thioether bond to prepare MMP-2-sensitive nanosystems. Under near-neutral conditions, the maleimide group in N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide hydrochloride binds to thiol groups via a nucleophilic addition reaction, and can be used to modify polymers or biological interfaces, enhancing mucosal adhesion and regulating the surface charge of biological interfaces. N-(2-Aminoethyl)maleimide hydrochloride can optimize the adhesion performance of drug delivery carriers and cell interactions with biological interfaces, and is applied in transmucosal drug delivery systems (such as drug carriers for oral and bladder sites) and biomaterial surface engineering research, providing support for tissue implantation, regeneration, and related drug delivery .
Blue dextran (Dextran blue) (MW 10000) is a 10 kDa osmotic dextran. Blue dextran (MW 10000) penetrates all sublayers of the pre-epithelial mucus gel layer in the rat distal colon and is taken up by the nuclei of surface cells in the rat distal colonic mucosa. Blue dextran (MW 10000) is not blocked by the pre-epithelial mucus gel layer of the rat distal colon, which acts as a diffusion barrier .
AGN 193109 (GMP) is AGN 193109 (HY-U00449) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AGN 193109 is a specific and highly effective retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist . AGN 193109 (GMP) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. AGN 193109 is the antidote for retinoic acidosis, that ameliorates the skin and mucosal toxicity.
Famotidine GMP (MK-208 GMP) is Famotidine (HY-B0377) produced in GMP guideline. Famotidine GMP is a competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist, inhibits gastric secretion, activates the gastric mucosal defensive mechanisms. Famotidine GMP ameliorates peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD/GORD) in rats model .
Pentagastrin (ICI-50123) is a potent, selective Cholecystokinin B (CCKB) receptor agonist with an EC50 value of 11 nM. Pentagastrin enhances gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against acid and protects the gastric mucosa from experimental injury .
Candidalysin is a cytolytic peptide toxin secreted by the fungus Candida albicans. Candidalysin drives epithelial immune responses by activating the EGFR-MAPK signaling pathway, inducing MMP expression and calcium influx, and regulating the c-Fos transcription factor and MKP1 via p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 respectively. Candidalysin is essential for mucosal and systemic infections, activating NLRP3 to promote inflammatory responses, neutrophil recruitment, and Th17 immunity. Candidalysin activates LDH causing membrane damage and exhibiting cytotoxicity
Tetragastrin (Cholecystokinin tetrapeptide; CCK-4) is the C-terminal tetrapeptide of gastrin. Tetragastrin can stimulate gastric secretion . Tetragastrin is a Cholecystokinin (CCK-4) receptor agonist . Gastric mucosal protection .
Human α-Defensin 6, a 32-residue cysteine-rich peptide, can inhibit bacterial invasion and contribute to the mucosal immunity. Human α-Defensin 6 forms ordered self-assembly fibrils and nanonets that surround and entangle bacteria after stochastic binding to bacterial surface proteins. Human α-Defensin 6 also inhibits C. albicans biofilm formation .
CSK peptide is a peptide that improves transport of macromolecules across the intestinal mucosal barrier targeting goblet cells. CSK peptide can be used for oral delivery system research .
Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP) II, human is a 33-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal of proglucagon and mainly produced by the intestinal L cells. Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP) II, human stimulates intestinal mucosal growth and decreases apoptosis of enterocytes .
Human β-defensin-2 (HβD-2) is a small cysteine-rich cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) produced by a number of epithelial cells.Human β-defensin-2 has antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria and Candida, but not gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus . Human β-defensin-2 can be used for the study of colitis .
Periplanetasin-4 is an antimicrobial peptide that can be derived from the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). Periplanetasin-4 reduces cell rounding and apoptosis. Periplanetasin-4 blocks Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced ROS production and the activation of downstream p38 MAPK and p21. Periplanetasin-4 significantly increases mitochondrial calcium level, reduces DPH fluorescence intensity and vacuolar dysfunction in Candida albicans ATCC 90028 cells. Periplanetasin-4 significantly ameliorates toxin A-induced mucosal damage in the mouse gut. Periplanetasin-4 can be used for the study of colitis .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) TFA is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) TFA has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR) .
GLP-2(rat) TFA is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) TFA stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) TFA enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR) .
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
D-CopA3 is the inhibitor for MDM2 and the activator for p53 signaling pathway. D-CopA3 exhibits cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer cells HCT-116, LoVo, and RKO (IC50=15-18 μM), induces JNK/Beclin-1 mediated autophagy. D-CopA3 downregulates the expression of cell cycle inhibitory protein p21Cip1/Waf1, enhances the mucosal barrier function and reduces penetration of inflammatory mediators. D-CopA3 exhibits anti-inflammtory activity in mouse C. difficile toxin A-induced acute enteritis models and DSS (HY-116282)-induced chronic colitis models. D-CopA3 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse HCT-116 xenograft models .
Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) is a rat-derived anti-LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 IgG2a, κ type antibody inhibitor. Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) specifically reacts with both chains of the α4β7 heterodimer and blocks the adhesion to immobilized mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1). Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) suppresses the proliferation and cytokine secretion of CD8+ T cells. Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) decreases Peyer’s patches and follicular B cells in mice. Anti-Mouse LPAM-1/Integrin α4β7 Antibody (DATK32) can be used for the researches of inflammation, such as ulcerative colitis .
Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) is an anti-mouse CD47/IAP IgG2a monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can effectively block CD47 signaling and enhance macrophage phagocytic function. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can increase the infiltration of immune cells. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) restores the phagocytic function of myeloid cells and alleviate B cell inhibition. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) may interfere with wound healing. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can be used for researches on cancer, inflammation and infection conditions such as melanoma, intestinal mucosal repair and sepsis .
Ontamalimab (SHP647) is a fully-human IgG2 monoclonal antibody targeting mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1). Ontamalimab can be used for the research of Crohn's disease .
Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) is an anti-mouse/rat/human CD47/IAP IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) can effectively block CD47 signaling and enhance macrophage phagocytic function. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) can increase the infiltration of immune cells. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) may interfere with wound healing. Anti-Mouse/Rat/Human CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP410) can be used for researches on cancer and inflammation conditions such as breast cancer and intestinal mucosal repair .
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) sodium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP sodium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP sodium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .
Sodium alginate is the sodium salt of alginic acid. Sodium alginate can be extracted and purified from brown seaweed Laminaria japonica. Sodium alginate can be used in food additives and pharmaceuticals, adsorb heavy metal ions, and has mucosal-protective and hemostatic effects .
Berberrubine chloride is an orally active metabolite of berberine. Berberrubine chloride alleviates mucosal lesions and inflammation in mouse colitis models. Berberrubine chloride has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral activities .
N,N'-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), isolated from Allium sativum, is an orally active scavenger of hydroxyl radical (•OH) and blocks •OH production by activated neutrophils in vitro. N,N'-Dimethylthiourea protects against water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats by exerting its antioxidant action including •OH scavenging and anti-inflammatory action .
c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP (Cyclic diadenylate) acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .
Escin IA is an oral LOXL2 inhibitor and EMT inhibitor, with selectivity for LOXL2-expressing cells. Escin IA suppresses invasion, migration, and metastasis of breast cancer cells, and acts as the primary anti-TNBC metastasis constituent of Aesculus chinensis Bunge fruit saponin fraction. Escin IA can be used for the research of triple-negative breast cancer, acute inflammation, and ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions .
Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide is a flavonoid found in Scutellaria baicalensis. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 612.13 and 980.73 μg/mL. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide suppresses NF-κB signaling activity. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide scavenges free radicals, acts as a tight junction protector, and mitigates intestinal mucosal barrier injury. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes and severe acute pancreatitis-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury .
Arecaidine is a GABA transport system inhibitor. Arecaidine inhibits the proliferation of oral mucosal fibroblasts, increases the secretion of IL-6, TGF-β and TNF-α in cells, downregulates the expression of PPAR-γ and PCK1 in cells, and upregulates the expression of TGF-β1. Arecaidine inhibits the uptake of γ-aminobutyric acid and β-alanine by the central nervous system of cats . Arecaidine inhibits hPAT1-mediated L-[ 3H]proline uptake in cells. Arecaidine can be used in research related to neurological diseases .
c-di-AMP diammonium is a STING agonist, which binds to the transmembrane protein STING thereby activating the TBK3-IRF3 signaling pathway, subsequently triggering the production of type I IFN and TNF. c-di-AMP diammonium is also a bacterial second messenger, which regulates cell growth, survival, and virulence, primarily within Gram-positive bacteria, and also regulates host immune response. c-di-AMP diammonium acts as a potent mucosal adjuvant stimulating both humoral and cellular responses .
6′-Galactosyllactose is the main oligosaccharide that makes up galactose, a component of human milk. 6′-Galactosyllactose can synthesize human milk oligosaccharides and synthetic galactosyllactose with 3′-Galactosyllactose and 4′-Galactosyllactose, and reduce inflammation in human T84, NCM-460 and H4 cells and intestinal tissues .
Hecogenin acetate is an orally active steroid saponin aglycone with extensive biological activities. Hecogenin acetate inhibits the phosphorylation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, antagonizes TRPA1/TRPM8 channels, inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Hecogenin acetate inhibits the production of ROS and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome; downregulates the expression of MMP-2, and has neuroprotective and anti-tumor activities. Hecogenin acetate enhances gastric mucosal defense and promotes ulcer healing. Hecogenin acetate can be used in combination with certain antibiotics to regulate bacterial efflux pumps and restore antibiotic sensitivity .
Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP) II, human is a 33-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal of proglucagon and mainly produced by the intestinal L cells. Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP) II, human stimulates intestinal mucosal growth and decreases apoptosis of enterocytes .
Polygalasaponin XXXI (Onjisaponin F) is an effective adjuvant for intranasal administration of influenza Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine to protect influenza virus infection .
7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin is a coumarin compound derived from Artemisia caruifolia with oral activity. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pore and H +/K +-ATPase, and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, renoprotective, neuroprotective and gastroprotective effects. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin reduces lipid peroxidation (TBARS), increases GSH levels, inhibits myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and regulates the expression of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the NF‑κB and MAPK pathways. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin ameliorates gastric mucosal injury, alleviates renal tissue lesions and relieves neuropathic pain. 7,8-Dimethoxycoumarin can be used in studies related to acute renal failure, trigeminal neuralgia and gastritis .
Tangshenoside V is a phenylpropanoid glucoside found in the roots of Codonopsis tangshen. Tangshenoside V has potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and mucosal protective effects. Tangshenoside V can be used for the researches of inflammation, immunology and neurological disease .
Escin IIa, isolated from horse chestnut, the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L., has positive effects on acute inflammation in animals. Escin IIa has gastroprotections on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats .
Escin IIb, isolated from horse chestnut, the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L., has positive effects on acute inflammation in animals . Escin IIb showed potent protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions .
Berberrubine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Berberrubine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Berberrubine chloride is an orally active metabolite of berberine. Berberrubine chloride alleviates mucosal lesions and inflammation in mouse colitis models. Berberrubine chloride has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral activities .
Saussureamine C shows gastroprotective effect on acidified ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. Saussureamine C inhibits H274Y and N294S mutants and can be used for research of influenza virus infection. Saussureamine C can be isolated from the dried roots of Saussurea lappa Clarke .
Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide (Hy-N2376). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide is a flavonoid found in Scutellaria baicalensis. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 612.13 and 980.73 μg/mL. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide suppresses NF-κB signaling activity. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide scavenges free radicals, acts as a tight junction protector, and mitigates intestinal mucosal barrier injury. Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes and severe acute pancreatitis-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury .
N,N'-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), isolated from Allium sativum, is an orally active scavenger of hydroxyl radical (•OH) and blocks •OH production by activated neutrophils in vitro. N,N'-Dimethylthiourea protects against water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats by exerting its antioxidant action including •OH scavenging and anti-inflammatory action .
6-Gingediol (compound 13) is a pungent component of ginger with potential anti-serotonin and gastric mucosal protective effects. 6-Gingediol has no pungent effect at concentrations below 10 μM, but the pungent effect is significant at concentrations above 100 μM or even 1000 μM .
DL-Methionine methylsulfonium (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-Methionine methylsulfonium (chloride) (HY-N6655). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-methionine methylsulfonium chloride is a naturally occurring methionine derivative. DL-methionine methylsulfonium chloride protects gastric mucosal from ethanol-induced damage .
Jujubasaponin IV is a triterpenoid saponin compound found in Zizyphi Fructus. Animal studies have shown that Jujubasaponin IV possesses certain anti-ulcer activity, possibly through mechanisms such as enhancing the gastric mucosal barrier or inhibiting gastric acid secretion. Jujubasaponin IV can be used in research on digestive system diseases, particularly in the study of gastric ulcer mechanisms .
MAdCAM1 is a cell adhesion leukocyte receptor expressed primarily by mucosal venules and plays a critical role in coordinating lymphocyte trafficking into mucosal tissues, particularly Peyer's patches and intestinal lamina propria. This protein exhibits the ability to bind integrins α-4/β-7 and L-selectin, thereby regulating the passage and retention of leukocytes in the mucosal environment. MAdCAM1 Protein, Human (P.pastoris, His-Myc) is the recombinant human-derived MAdCAM1 protein, expressed by P. pastoris , with C-His, C-Myc labeled tag.
MAdCAM1 is a cell adhesion leukocyte receptor expressed primarily by mucosal venules and plays a critical role in coordinating lymphocyte trafficking into mucosal tissues, particularly Peyer's patches and intestinal lamina propria. This protein exhibits the ability to bind integrins α-4/β-7 and L-selectin, thereby regulating the passage and retention of leukocytes in the mucosal environment. MAdCAM1 Protein, Human (299a.a, HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived MAdCAM1 protein, expressed by HEK293, with C-His labeled tag.
MAdCAM1 Protein is an important cell adhesion molecule and a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. MAdCAM1 Protein plays a key role in immune system cell migration and mucosal immune responses. MAdCAM1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is a recombinant MAdCAM1 protein expressed by HEK293, with a C-6*His tag and glycosylation modification.
MAdCAM1 is a cell adhesion leukocyte receptor expressed primarily by mucosal venules and plays a critical role in coordinating lymphocyte trafficking into mucosal tissues, particularly Peyer's patches and intestinal lamina propria. This protein exhibits the ability to bind integrins α-4/β-7 and L-selectin, thereby regulating the passage and retention of leukocytes in the mucosal environment. MAdCAM1 Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is the recombinant human-derived MAdCAM1 protein, expressed by HEK293, with C-hFc labeled tag and with N-terminal M.
MAdCAM1 is a cell adhesion leukocyte receptor expressed primarily by mucosal venules and plays a critical role in coordinating lymphocyte trafficking into mucosal tissues, particularly Peyer's patches and intestinal lamina propria. This protein exhibits the ability to bind integrins α-4/β-7 and L-selectin, thereby regulating the passage and retention of leukocytes in the mucosal environment. MAdCAM1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi-His) is the recombinant human-derived MAdCAM1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-6*His labeled tag.
TIE-2 is a tyrosine protein kinase that serves as a cell surface receptor for ANGPT1, ANGPT2, and ANGPT4 and exerts a global control over angiogenesis and vascular stability. It regulates endothelial cell survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion, and actin cytoskeletal reorganization. TIE-2 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, sf9, Avi) is the recombinant human-derived TIE-2, expressed by Sf9 insect cells, with Avi labeled tag.
Rebamipide-d4 is deuterium labeled Rebamipide. Rebamipide is a mucoprotective agent. Rebamipide induces COX-2 expression, increases PGE2 levels, and enhances gastric mucosal defense in a COX-2-dependent manner .
Olaquindox-d4 is the deuterium labeled Olaquindox (HY-N0465) . Olaquindox, a quinoxalin derivative, is an orally active antibiotic. Olaquindox stimulates growth and decreases intestinal mucosal immunity of piglets .
Lafutidine-d10 is deuterium labeled Lafutidine. Lafutidine (FRG-8813) is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist (H2RA), with proven gastric mucosal protective effects. Lafutidine can be used for the research of gastroesophageal reflux disease .
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
N-Acetyl mesalazine-d3 (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid-d3) is the deuterium labeled N-Acetyl mesalazine (HY-66008). N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
N-Acetyl mesalazine- 13C6 (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid- 13C6) is a deuterated labeled N-Acetyl mesalazine (HY-66008). N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
N-Acetyl mesalazine-d3-1 (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid-d3-1) is deuterium labeled N-Acetyl mesalazine (HY-66008). N-Acetyl mesalazine (N-Acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid) is the primary intestinal metabolite of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027) and serves as a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (HY-15027). N-Acetyl mesalazine can scavenge free radicals, reduce DNA base hydroxylation, and ameliorate mucosal inflammation. N-Acetyl mesalazine can be used in the study of diseases such as colitis and colon cancer .
Cholic acid 7-sulfate-d4 (7-Sulfocholic acid-d4) is the deuterium labeled Cholic acid 7-sulfate (HY-126855). Cholic acid 7-sulfate is a selective agonist targeting TGR5 (EC50=0.17 μM) and a ligand for MHC class I-related protein (MR1). As a gut-restricted TGR5 agonist, cholic acid 7-sulfate binds to TGR5 on enteroendocrine L cells, induces GLP-1 secretion, and improves glucose tolerance in a TGR5-dependent manner. Cholic acid 7-sulfate also acts as an endogenous ligand for MR1, promoting the survival of mucosal-associated invariant T cells MAIT and the expression of homeostatic gene signatures, affecting MAIT cell development and function. Cholic acid 7-sulfate is mainly used in the research of diabetes and MAIT cell-related immune regulation .
Sodium alginate is the sodium salt of alginic acid. Sodium alginate can be extracted and purified from brown seaweed Laminaria japonica. Sodium alginate can be used in food additives and pharmaceuticals, adsorb heavy metal ions, and has mucosal-protective and hemostatic effects .
Trimethyl chitosan (N,N,N-Trimethylchitosan) is a multifunctional polymer and a derivative of Chitosan (HY-B2144A). Trimethyl chitosan targets the absorption enhancing proteins of tight junctions of intestinal and mucosal epithelial cells, induces tight junction protein rearrangement, and increases intercellular permeability. Trimethyl chitosan can stimulate the activity of promoting transmembrane transport of hydrophilic drugs (such as peptides and proteins) and can be used for drug delivery and synthesis of nanoparticles .
Polycarbophil is an orally active hydrophilic polymer. Polycarbophil achieves bioadhesion through hydrogen bonding between carboxyl groups and mucosal surfaces, and prolongs compound retention time and regulates compound release through swelling properties. Polycarbophil relieves constipation and diarrhea .
Human IL22 mRNA encodes the human interleukin 22 (IL22) protein, a member of the IL10 family of cytokines that mediate cellular inflammatory responses. IL22 functions in antimicrobial defense at mucosal surfaces and in tissue repair. It also has pro-inflammatory properties and plays a role in in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases.
Human CCL28 mRNA encodes the human C-C motif chemokine ligand 28 (CCL28) protein, a cytokine that displays chemotactic activity for resting CD4 or CD8 T cells and eosinophils. CCL28 may play a role in the physiology of extracutaneous epithelial tissues, including diverse mucosal organs.
HS105 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants .
HS101 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants .
HS103 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants .
AGN 193109 (GMP) is AGN 193109 (HY-U00449) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. AGN 193109 is a specific and highly effective retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist . AGN 193109 (GMP) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. AGN 193109 is the antidote for retinoic acidosis, that ameliorates the skin and mucosal toxicity.
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Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
MedchemExpress Validation 03
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
MedchemExpress Validation 04
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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