Art. -Nr.: HY-B0273

Sulfadiazine

Name: Sulfadiazine
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-B0273
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9 Cited Publications

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Sulfadiazine is an orally active sulfonamide antibiotic. Sulfadiazine competitively inhibits p-aminobenzoic acid in the folic-acid-metabolism cycle, inhibiting multiplication of most Gram-positive and many Gram-negative bacteria. Sulfadiazine persists in soil long-term, and exerts selective pressure for sulfonamide-resistant microbial populations. Sulfadiazine targets Toxoplasma gondii DHPS enzyme. Sulfadiazine can be used for the research of congenital toxoplasmosis and bacterial infection.

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Reinheit : 99.89%
CAS. Nr.: 68-35-9
Formel: C₁₀H₁₀N₄O₂S
Molecular Weight:250.28

Speicherung:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

Sulfadiazine Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 68-35-9

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Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (9)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protokoll (2)
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

IC₅₀ & Target

Toxoplasma

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Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
MRC5	IC₅₀	>50 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii B1 harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly/ A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 156 sil Leu mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii B1 harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly/ A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 156 sil Leu mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	>50 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-1995-ABE harboring DHPS Ex5, A587V mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-1995-ABE harboring DHPS Ex5, A587V mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	>50 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-2001-MAU infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-2001-MAU infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	14.95 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate GRE-1995-MAE infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate GRE-1995-MAE infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	16.85 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate GRE-1998-TRA infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate GRE-1998-TRA infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	18.8 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate PSP-2005-MUP infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate PSP-2005-MUP infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	2.95 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate TOU-1998-TRI infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate TOU-1998-TRI infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	4.28 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii ENT harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex3, 156 sil Leu/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly/A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 156 sil Leu mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii ENT harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex3, 156 sil Leu/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly/A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 156 sil Leu mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	4.9 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-2003-DJO infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-2003-DJO infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	5.35 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate GUY-2003-MEL harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly/ A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex2, 145 sil Val mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate GUY-2003-MEL harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly/ A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex2, 145 sil Val mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	6.26 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate TRS-2004-REV infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate TRS-2004-REV infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	6.52 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii RH harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly; A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 156 sil Leu mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii RH harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly; A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 156 sil Leu mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	6.55 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infected in human MRC-5 cells infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infected in human MRC-5 cells infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	6.7 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-2005-HAG infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-2005-HAG infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	9.25 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii NED infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii NED infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
MRC5	IC₅₀	9.65 mg/L Compound: sulfadiazine, SDZ	Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-1994-LEF harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly; A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 204 sil Ala mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA Antimicrobial activity against Toxoplasma gondii isolate RMS-1994-LEF harboring DHPS Ex2, E474D/Ex4, R560K/Ex5, 580 sil Gly; A597E/627 sil Glu mutant gene and DHFR Ex3, 204 sil Ala mutant gene infected in human MRC-5 cells after 72 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 18212105]
Vero	IC₅₀	0.09 mM Compound: Sulfadiazine (SULF)	Compound tested on vero cells infected with Toxoplasma gondii after 24 h Compound tested on vero cells infected with Toxoplasma gondii after 24 h	[PMID: 15863319]
Vero	IC₅₀	0.1 mM Compound: Sulfadiazine (SULF)	Compound tested on intracellular parasites Toxoplasma gondii in vero cells after 24 h Compound tested on intracellular parasites Toxoplasma gondii in vero cells after 24 h	[PMID: 15863319]
Vero	IC₅₀	3 mM Compound: sulphadiazine	Inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii infected in african green monkey Vero cells Inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii infected in african green monkey Vero cells	[PMID: 17905587]
Vero	IC₅₀	8 mM Compound: sulphadiazine	Inhibition of uninfected african green monkey Vero cells Inhibition of uninfected african green monkey Vero cells	[PMID: 17905587]

In Vitro

Sulfadiazine is associated with low sensitivity linked to the novel R265H and I347M mutations in the dhps gene of Toxoplasma gondii strains TgCTBr4 and TgCTBr17^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.

In Vivo

Sulfadiazine (10-640 mg/kg/d; p.o.; daily for 10 days) reduced the number of brain cysts in mice infected with T. gondii (TgCTBr) except for TgCTBr4^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Swiss Webster (female; weighing ~25 g; 6-8 months old; infected i.p. with 10⁴ tachyzoites of different T. gondii strain)^[3]
Dosage:

10 mg/kg/d; 40 mg/kg/d; 160 mg/kg/d; 640 mg/kg/d
Administration:

p.o.; daily for 10 days
Result:

Showed the lowest treatment efficiency for TgCTBr4, the TgCTBr17 strain, whose mortality
reached 100% between 19 and 27 days at the dose of 10 mg/kg/d, 40 mg/kg/d, and160 mg/kg/d.
Significantly reduced the number of brain cysts in mice infected with other T. gondii (TgCTBr) strains, such as TgCTBr1, TgCTBr9, TgCTBr13, TgCTBr17 and TgCTBr25.

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 68-35-9
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 250.28
Formel C₁₀H₁₀N₄O₂S
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=S(C1=CC=C(N)C=C1)(NC2=NC=CC=N2)=O
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Speicherung

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (9)

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Journal Impact Factor

Cell

Streptococcus anginosus promotes gastric inflammation, atrophy, and tumorigenesis in mice. [Abstract]

2024 Feb 15;187(4):882-896.e17 PMID: 38295787
Theranostics

Antibiotic Azithromycin inhibits brown/beige fat functionality and promotes obesity in human and rodents. [Abstract]

2022 Jan 1;12(3):1187-1203. PMID: 35154482
Water Res

Quantifying community-wide antibiotic usage via urban water fingerprinting: Focus on contrasting resource settings in South Africa. [Abstract]

2023 Jul 15:240:120110. PMID: 37247434
ACS Environ Au

Machine Learning-Assisted Recognition of Environmental Sulfur-Containing Chemicals in Nontargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Inadequate Mass Resolution. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. PMID: 41277996
Emerg Contam

2026 Feb 23.
Anal Chem

Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576
Water

2025 Jun 6.
J Essent Oil Res

2026 Jul 14;38(4):431-445.
Chemosphere

Toxicity evolution and control for the UV/H2O2 degradation of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds: SDZ and PMM. [Abstract]

2023 Oct:338:139541. PMID: 37467855

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (199.78 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.9955 mL

19.9776 mL

39.9552 mL

5 mM

0.7991 mL

3.9955 mL

7.9911 mL

10 mM

0.3996 mL

1.9978 mL

3.9955 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.99 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (9.99 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.99 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protokoll

All Signal Pathway Related Histomorphology

Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
Gram Staining of Tissue Sections
Gram staining of tissue sections is a histochemical technique used to differentiate Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria within histological specimens based on differences in bacterial cell wall structure and dye retention, adapted from classical bacteriological Gram staining into tissue-compatible “histological Gram stain” variants. In tissue applications, modifications of the Brown-Hopps and Brown-Brenn methods are commonly used to improve differentiation of microorganisms embedded within host connective tissue and to reduce overstaining or loss of Gram-negative signal, which are known limitations of earlier approaches. The principle relies on crystal violet-iodine complex retention in Gram-positive organisms and subsequent decolorization and counterstaining steps that allow contrast visualization of Gram-negative organisms against tissue background.

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (276 KB)
SDS (702 KB)
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- Portuguese - PT (702 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Kopmann C, et al. Abundance and transferability of antibiotic resistance as related to the fate of sulfadiazine in maize rhizosphere and bulk soil. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2013 Jan;83(1):125-34. [Content Brief]

[2]. Silva LA, et al. Efficacy of sulfadiazine and pyrimetamine for treatment of experimental toxoplasmosis with strains obtained from human cases of congenital disease in Brazil. Exp Parasitol. 2019 Jul;202:7-14. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.9955 mL	19.9776 mL	39.9553 mL	99.8881 mL
	5 mM	0.7991 mL	3.9955 mL	7.9911 mL	19.9776 mL
	10 mM	0.3996 mL	1.9978 mL	3.9955 mL	9.9888 mL
	15 mM	0.2664 mL	1.3318 mL	2.6637 mL	6.6592 mL
	20 mM	0.1998 mL	0.9989 mL	1.9978 mL	4.9944 mL
	25 mM	0.1598 mL	0.7991 mL	1.5982 mL	3.9955 mL
	30 mM	0.1332 mL	0.6659 mL	1.3318 mL	3.3296 mL
	40 mM	0.0999 mL	0.4994 mL	0.9989 mL	2.4972 mL
	50 mM	0.0799 mL	0.3996 mL	0.7991 mL	1.9978 mL
	60 mM	0.0666 mL	0.3330 mL	0.6659 mL	1.6648 mL
	80 mM	0.0499 mL	0.2497 mL	0.4994 mL	1.2486 mL
	100 mM	0.0400 mL	0.1998 mL	0.3996 mL	0.9989 mL

Bioz

Keywords

Sulfadiazine

9 Cited Publications

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Sulfadiazine

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Sulfadiazine

Alle Antibiotic Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen

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