Cat. No.: HY-W001187

Tempo

16 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 16 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Tempo is a nitric oxide radical and a selective scavenger of ROS in mitochondria. Tempo is also an organocatalyst that disproportionates superoxide and oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes in a catalytic cycle. Tempo has mutagenic and antioxidant effects and can induceDNA strand breaks. Tempo also exerts cytotoxic and mutagenic properties in mouse lymphoma cells.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.63%
CAS No.: 2564-83-2
Formula: C₉H₁₈NO
Molecular Weight:156.25

Storage:

Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Tempo Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 2564-83-2

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (16)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A-431	IC₅₀	>300 μM Compound: TEMPO	Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 22309911]

In Vitro

Tempo (1-5 mM; 4 h) can cause DNA damage in L5178Y cells and exert cytotoxicity and genotoxicity^[2].
Tempo (1-5 mM; 4 h) causes DNA breaks in mouse lymphoma cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Cytotoxicity Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

L5178Y cells and mouse lymphoma cells
Concentration:

1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mM
Incubation Time:

4 h
Result:

Exerted cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in L5178Y cells, and caused DNA-strand breaks in lymphoma cells.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 2564-83-2
Appearance <36°C Solid,>40°C Liquid
Molecular Weight 156.25
Formula C₉H₁₈NO
Color Orange to red
SMILES

[O]N1C(C)(C)CCCC1(C)C
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Pure form	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (16)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayBio/Physico-chemical AssayRT-PCRFlow CytometryWB

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Journal Impact Factor

Cell

Sulfur partitioning from cysteine controls T cell proliferation and effector function. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 31:S0092-8674(26)00279-5. PMID: 41923640
Nat Commun

NEK7 couples SDHB to orchestrate respiratory chain electron transport homeostasis that impedes liver fibrosis. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 28;16(1):10751. PMID: 41315267

Tempo purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 28;16(1):10751. [Abstract]

Flow cytometry detected mitochondrial ROS levels (MitoSox Red) in HepG2 cells. The HepG2 cells are transfected with NC or si-NEK7 for 48 h, then treated with 500 μM Tempo, 10 μM Dimethyl malonate (DMM), 100 μM Metformin (Met), or 50 nM Rotenone (Rot) for 24 h, respectively.

Tempo purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 28;16(1):10751. [Abstract]

Western blotting analysis of the expression of α-SMA, Collagen Ⅰ, and Fibronectin protein in the LX-2 cells treated with the conditional medium of HepG2 cells. The HepG2 cells are transfected with NC or si-NEK7 for 48 h, then treated with 500 μM Tempo and 10 μM DMM for 24 h, respectively.
J Nanobiotechnology

Ion-interference amplifier nano-system enhances radiotherapy via mitochondrial dysfunction and efferocytosis Inhibition. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 25;23(1):737. PMID: 41291692
Redox Biol

Neutrophil extracellular traps exacerbate inflammatory arthritis by inhibiting γδ Treg cell differentiation via the AIM2 inflammasome. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 30:87:103881. PMID: 41046783

Tempo purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2025 Sep 30:87:103881. [Abstract]

γδ T cells were treated with Mito-TEMPO (mtT).
Small Struct

2025 Oct 17.
J Immunother Cancer

Propafenone facilitates mitochondrial-associated ferroptosis and synergizes with immunotherapy in melanoma. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 24;12(11):e009805. PMID: 39581704

Tempo purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Immunother Cancer. 2024 Nov 24;12(11):e009805. [Abstract]

Dose response of RSL3-induced death of PPF-treated A375 and SK-MEL-28 cells in the presence of TEMPO (20 µM) or Mito-TEMPO (10 µM) for 6 hours.

Tempo purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Immunother Cancer. 2024 Nov 24;12(11):e009805. [Abstract]

Mito-lipid peroxidation were measured in A375 and SK-MEL-28 cells after the indicated treatment for 3 hours. PPF, 5 µM; RSL3, 2.5 µM. TEMPO, 20 µM; Mito-TEMPO, 10 µM.

Tempo purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Immunother Cancer. 2024 Nov 24;12(11):e009805. [Abstract]

PTGS2 mRNA were measured in A375 and SK-MEL-28 cells after the indicated treatment for 3 hours. PPF, 5 µM; RSL3, 2.5 µM. TEMPO, 20 µM; Mito-TEMPO, 10 µM.
Cell Death Dis

Inhibition of mitochondrial complex I induces mitochondrial ferroptosis by regulating CoQH2 levels in cancer. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 5;16(1):254. PMID: 40185704
Phytomedicine

The purified extract of Cremastrae pseudobulbus pleiones pseudobulbus (EPC) induces mitochondrial apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibiting a key oncogenic signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Jul:156:158270. PMID: 42119450
Sens Actuators B Chem

2024 Nov 1.
J Transl Med

Inhibition of the E3 ligase UBR5 stabilizes TERT and protects vascular organoids from oxidative stress. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 28;22(1):1080. PMID: 39609696
Biomed Pharmacother

Morusin, a novel inhibitor of ACLY, induces mitochondrial apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through ROS-mediated mitophagy. [Abstract]

2024 Nov:180:117510. PMID: 39341077
Br J Cancer

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 contributes to radiation resistance of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma via regulating mitochondrial function and ROS/pAKT signalling. [Abstract]

2020 Jul;123(1):126-136. PMID: 32367071

Tempo purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Br J Cancer. 2020 Jul;123(1):126-136. [Abstract]

Radiation inhibits AKT phosphorylation, and Tempo could alleviate the IDH2 knockdown-induced decrease in AKT phosphorylation in both the steady state and after ROS induction by radiation.
Microchem J

2024 Dec.
Eur J Pharmacol

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy alleviates acute carbon monoxide poisoning-induced transition of cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast and ameliorates cardiac fibrosis via the NRF2/ROS/TGFβ1/Smad pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 28:1028:178992. PMID: 42162689
FASEB J

TUFM is involved in Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies that are associated with ROS. [Abstract]

2021 May;35(5):e21445. PMID: 33774866
SSRN

2026 Apr 30.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (640.00 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 50 mg/mL (320.00 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

6.4000 mL

32.0000 mL

64.0000 mL

5 mM

1.2800 mL

6.4000 mL

12.8000 mL

10 mM

0.6400 mL

3.2000 mL

6.4000 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (275 KB)
SDS (477 KB)
- English - EN (477 KB)
- Français - FR (477 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (477 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (477 KB)
- Español - ES (477 KB)
- Swedish - SV (477 KB)
- Italian - IT (477 KB)
- Korean - KR (477 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (477 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Chen X, et al. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 contributes to radiation resistance of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma via regulating mitochondrial function and ROS/pAKT signalling. Br J Cancer. 2020 May 5. [Content Brief]

[2]. Guo X, et al. Comparative Genotoxicity of TEMPO and 3 of Its Derivatives in Mouse Lymphoma Cells. Toxicol Sci. 2018 May 1;163(1):214-225. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kaur G, et al. Eugenol precludes cutaneous chemical carcinogenesis in mouse by preventing oxidative stress and inflammation and by inducing apoptosis. Mol Carcinog. 2010 Mar;49(3):290-301. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	6.4000 mL	32.0000 mL	64.0000 mL	160.0000 mL
	5 mM	1.2800 mL	6.4000 mL	12.8000 mL	32.0000 mL
	10 mM	0.6400 mL	3.2000 mL	6.4000 mL	16.0000 mL
	15 mM	0.4267 mL	2.1333 mL	4.2667 mL	10.6667 mL
	20 mM	0.3200 mL	1.6000 mL	3.2000 mL	8.0000 mL
	25 mM	0.2560 mL	1.2800 mL	2.5600 mL	6.4000 mL
	30 mM	0.2133 mL	1.0667 mL	2.1333 mL	5.3333 mL
	40 mM	0.1600 mL	0.8000 mL	1.6000 mL	4.0000 mL
	50 mM	0.1280 mL	0.6400 mL	1.2800 mL	3.2000 mL
	60 mM	0.1067 mL	0.5333 mL	1.0667 mL	2.6667 mL
	80 mM	0.0800 mL	0.4000 mL	0.8000 mL	2.0000 mL
	100 mM	0.0640 mL	0.3200 mL	0.6400 mL	1.6000 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Tempo

Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Compound Library

Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

Metabolism/Protease Compound Library

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Stem Cell Signaling Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Lactylation Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Tempo

All DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (16)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Tempo Related Classifications

HY-W001187 Related Classifications