Cat. No.: HY-106381

Aurothiomalate sodium

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Aurothiomalate sodium acts as an inhibitor of PKCI and TrxR1. Aurothiomalate sodium disrupts the PKCI-Par6-Rac1 signaling pathway, and also inhibits TrxR1 activity, TNFα-induced NF-κB activation, and the expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Aurothiomalate sodium blocks Kras-mediated BASC expansion and lung tumor growth, inhibits anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells, and suppresses neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and leukocyte extravasation. Aurothiomalate sodium can be used in research related to rheumatoid arthritis and non-small cell lung cancer.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.0%
CAS No.: 12244-57-4
Formula: C₄H₆O₄S.Au.xNa

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Aurothiomalate sodium Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 12244-57-4

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]^[2]

PKCι

All PKC Isoforms :

All TrxR Isoforms :

TrxR1
TrxR2

All NF-κB Isoforms :

In Vitro

Aurothiomalate (20 μmol/L; in vitro culture duration) sodium blocks the proliferative expansion and morphological transformation of bronchoalveolar stem cells isolated from LSL-Kras mice that are mediated by oncogenic Kras in vitro^[2].
Aurothiomalate sodium potently inhibits the activity of mouse liver thioredoxin reductase in vitro^[3].
Aurothiomalate (25-50 μM; administered 48 h prior to 6 h TNFα stimulation) sodium inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB-dependent gene expression in TrxR1-overexpressing COS7 cells in a dose-dependent manner^[3].
Aurothiomalate (50 μM; administered 48 h prior to TNFα stimulation) sodium inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB DNA-binding activity in TrxR1-overexpressing COS7 cells^[3].
Aurothiomalate (25 μM; administered concurrently with TNFα stimulation for 6 h) sodium inhibits TNFα-induced expression of the NF-κB-targeted pro-inflammatory genes E-selectin and COX-2 in bovine arterial endothelial cells^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

Bovine arterial endothelial cells (BAEC)
Concentration:

25 uM
Incubation Time:

6 hours
Result:

Suppressed TNFa-induced NF-kB-dependent gene expression in a dose-dependent manner.
Did not affect TrxR1 mRNA level in COS7 cells.

In Vivo

Aurothiomalate (intraperitoneal injection; administered daily for 3-6 weeks at a dose of 60 mg/kg) sodium inhibits Kras-mediated BASC expansion and reduces lung tumor growth by approximately 36% in Kras^LA2 mice^[2].
Aurothiomalate (0.7 μg/g body weight; administered via intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, or direct air pouch injection; dosed twice) sodium significantly reduces the leukocyte count in exudate in carrageenan-induced acute inflammation models in mice, with intravenous injection exerting the strongest inhibitory effect^[4].
Aurothiomalate (0.7 μg/g body weight; tail vein injection; single administration) sodium significantly reduces the leukocyte count in exudate in a carrageenan-induced acute inflammation mouse model^[4].
Aurothiomalate (0.7 μg/g body weight; intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, direct air pouch injection) sodium significantly inhibits phagocytosis and chemotaxis of neutrophils in carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in mice, with intravenous and intramuscular injections exerting stronger inhibitory effects on chemotaxis than direct air pouch injection^[4].
Aurothiomalate (2-60 mg/kg; intramuscular injection; daily administration) sodium exerts potent antitumor activity against A427 lung cancer xenografts by inhibiting cell proliferation and the Mek/Erk signaling pathway^[6].
Aurothiomalate (20-60 mg/kg; intramuscular injection; daily) sodium exhibits moderate antitumor activity against H460 lung cancer xenografts by inhibiting cell proliferation and the Mek/Erk signaling pathway^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Athymic nude mice (Harlan Sprague-Dawley, female, 4-6 weeks old, subcutaneous xenograft model via injection of human H460 lung cancer cells)^[6]
Dosage:

20 mg/kg; 60 mg/kg
Administration:

i.m.; daily
Result:

Caused a statistically significant ~50% reduction in H460 tumor volume compared to controls at the 60 mg/kg dose.
Reduced BrdUrd-positive nuclei (proliferative index) from ~21% in controls to ~11% at the 60 mg/kg dose.
Reduced the ratio of phospho-Erk 1,2 to total Erk 1,2 compared to controls at the 60 mg/kg dose.
Did not significantly increase the apoptotic index (TUNEL-positive cells remained <1%) or alter tumor vascularization (PECAM1 staining/expression unchanged) at either dose.

Animal Model:

Athymic nude mice (Harlan Sprague-Dawley, female, 4-6 weeks old, subcutaneous xenograft model via injection of human A427 lung cancer cells)^[6]
Dosage:

2 mg/kg; 6 mg/kg; 20 mg/kg; 60 mg/kg
Administration:

i.m.; daily
Result:

Caused statistically significant inhibition of A427 tumor growth, with final tumor volume far lower than control tumors.
Reduced BrdUrd-positive nuclei (proliferative index) from ~17% in controls to ~9% at 2 mg/kg, ~6% at 6 mg/kg, ~5% at 20 mg/kg, and ~9% at 60 mg/kg.
Reduced the ratio of phospho-Erk 1,2 to total Erk 1,2 compared to controls.
Did not significantly increase the apoptotic index (TUNEL-positive cells remained <1%) or alter tumor vascularization (PECAM1 staining/expression unchanged) at any dose.

Animal Model:

KrasLA2 (3-week-old; spontaneous activation of latent oncogenic KrasG12D allele via somatic recombination)^[2]
Dosage:

60 mg/kg
Administration:

i.p.; daily; 3 weeks; 6 weeks
Result:

Blocked the significant increase in BASCs per terminal bronchiole seen in saline-treated KrasLA2 mice, with BASC number and distribution matching levels in nontransgenic mice.
Reduced lung tumor growth, with a mean fold-change in average tumor size of ~1.6, compared to ~2.5 in saline-treated mice.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 12244-57-4
Appearance Solid
Formula C₄H₆O₄S.Au.xNa
Color Off-white to light yellow
SMILES

OC(CC(S)C(O)=O)=O.[Na].[Au]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 250 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

In Vivo:

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 50 mg/mL; Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (281 KB)
SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Campbell JM, et al. Action of sodium aurothiomalate on erythrocyte membrane. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(8):969-971. [Content Brief]

[2]. Regala RP, et al. Atypical protein kinase C{iota} is required for bronchioalveolar stem cell expansion and lung tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;69(19):7603-11.

[3]. Sakurai A, et al. Overexpression of thioredoxin reductase 1 regulates NF-kappa B activation. J Cell Physiol. 2004;198(1):22-30. [Content Brief]

[4]. Sin YM, et al. Effect of sodium aurothiomalate on carrageenan induced inflammation of the air pouch in mice. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(1):112-116. [Content Brief]

[5]. Lewis D, et al. Gold levels produced by treatment with auranofin and sodium aurothiomalate. Ann Rheum Dis. 1983;42(5):566-570. [Content Brief]

[6]. Regala RP, et al. Atypical protein kinase C iota expression and aurothiomalate sensitivity in human lung cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2008 Jul 15;68(14):5888-95.

Calculators

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Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

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Aurothiomalate sodium

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All PKC Isoforms

All TrxR Isoforms

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