Cat. No.: HY-N2522

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium

(Synonyms: Gummiferin dipotassium)

2 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is a diterpenoid. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium can be isolated from plants of the genus Xanthium. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is an ADP/ATP carrier inhibitor, inhibiting mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium promotes ROS production, induces Ca²⁺ release, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium induces lethargy, weakness, and epileptic seizures in rats.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.57%
CAS No.: 33286-30-5
Formula: C₃₁H₄₄K₂O₁₈S₂
Molecular Weight:847.00

Storage:

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 33286-30-5

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Biological Activity
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (2)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All Calcium Channel Isoforms :

In Vitro

Carboxyatractyloside (10-25 μM; 48 h) dipotassium promotes cell death in primary mouse lung endothelial cells and exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial depolarization, increased ROS generation, and MPT pore opening^[2].
Carboxyatractyloside (2 μM) dipotassium induces Ca²⁺ release, mitochondrial swelling, and membrane potential collapse in aged rat liver mitochondria^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Carboxyatractyloside (13.5 mg/kg, i.p.) dipotassium causes symptoms such as lethargy, weakness, and seizures in rats, and cause histopathological damage to the liver and kidneys, including vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and renal tubular necrosis^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 33286-30-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 847.00
Formula C₃₁H₄₄K₂O₁₈S₂
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C=C([C@H](CC1)C2)[C@H](O)[C@@]32CC[C@]4([H])C(C(O)=O)(C(O)=O)C[C@@H](O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O5)OS(=O)(O[K])=O)OS(=O)(O[K])=O)OC(CC(C)C)=O)C[C@@]4(C)[C@@]31[H]
Synonyms

Gummiferin dipotassium
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Diterpenoids
Initial Source
- Plants
- other families
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Publications (2)

All IPCell Proliferation/Viability AssayFlow CytometryIHCIF

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Journal Impact Factor

Redox Biol

Redistribution of defective mitochondria-mediated dihydroorotate dehydrogenase imparts 5-fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Jul:73:103207. PMID: 38805974
EMBO Mol Med

Conformational change of adenine nucleotide translocase-1 mediates cisplatin resistance induced by EBV-LMP1. [Abstract]

2021 Dec 7;13(12):e14072. PMID: 34755470

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EMBO Mol Med. 2021 Dec 7;13(12):e14072. [Abstract]

Effect of inhibitors BKA and Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium (CATR) (5, 10, 20 nM) on ANT1‐VDAC1 binding in 293T cells.

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EMBO Mol Med. 2021 Dec 7;13(12):e14072. [Abstract]

CCK‐8 analysis of viability in HK1‐LMP1 cells treated for 24 h with Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium (CATR) (1 μM) alone, cisplatin (20 μM) alone, or cisplatin (20 μM) combined with CATR (1 μM).

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EMBO Mol Med. 2021 Dec 7;13(12):e14072. [Abstract]

Flow cytometry analysis of death of NPC cells treated for 24 h with CATR (1 μM) alone, Cisplatin (20 μM) alone, or Cisplatin (20 μM) combined with Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium (CATR) (1 μM).

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EMBO Mol Med. 2021 Dec 7;13(12):e14072. [Abstract]

Immunohistochemistry examination of the protein levels of Ki67 treated with Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium (CATR) (1 mg/kg, i.p.).

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EMBO Mol Med. 2021 Dec 7;13(12):e14072. [Abstract]

Apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL assay treated with Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium (CATR) (1 μM).

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (118.06 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (29.52 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.1806 mL

5.9032 mL

11.8064 mL

5 mM

0.2361 mL

1.1806 mL

2.3613 mL

10 mM

0.1181 mL

0.5903 mL

1.1806 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.48 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.48 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.48 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 100 mg/mL (118.06 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (284 KB)
SDS (480 KB)
- English - EN (480 KB)
- Français - FR (480 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (480 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (480 KB)
- Español - ES (480 KB)
- Swedish - SV (480 KB)
- Italian - IT (480 KB)
- Korean - KR (480 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (480 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Ri M, et al. Identification of Toyocamycin, an agent cytotoxic for multiple myeloma cells, as a potent inhibitor of ER stress-induced XBP1 mRNA splicing. Blood Cancer J. 2012 Jul;2(7):e79. [Content Brief]

[2]. Belosludtseva NV, et al. ANT-Mediated Inhibition of the Permeability Transition Pore Alleviates Palmitate-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lipotoxicity. Biomolecules. 2024 Sep 15;14(9):1159. [Content Brief]

[3]. García N, et al. Cyclosporin A is unable to inhibit carboxyatractyloside-induced permeability transition in aged mitochondria. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Apr;149(3):374-81. [Content Brief]

[4]. Luciani S, et al. Effects of carboxyatractyloside a structural analogue of atractyloside on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Life Sci II. 1971 Sep 8;10(17):961-8. [Content Brief]

[5]. Hatch RC, et al. Toxicologic study of carboxyatractyloside (active principle in cocklebur--Xanthium strumarium) in rats treated with enzyme inducers and inhibitors and glutathione precursor and depletor. Am J Vet Res. 1982 Jan;43(1):111-6. [Content Brief]

[6]. Pebay-Peyroula E, et al. Structure of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier in complex with carboxyatractyloside. Nature. 2003 Nov 6;426(6962):39-44.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO / H₂O	1 mM	1.1806 mL	5.9032 mL	11.8064 mL	29.5159 mL
	5 mM	0.2361 mL	1.1806 mL	2.3613 mL	5.9032 mL
	10 mM	0.1181 mL	0.5903 mL	1.1806 mL	2.9516 mL
	15 mM	0.0787 mL	0.3935 mL	0.7871 mL	1.9677 mL
	20 mM	0.0590 mL	0.2952 mL	0.5903 mL	1.4758 mL
	25 mM	0.0472 mL	0.2361 mL	0.4723 mL	1.1806 mL
H₂O	30 mM	0.0394 mL	0.1968 mL	0.3935 mL	0.9839 mL
	40 mM	0.0295 mL	0.1476 mL	0.2952 mL	0.7379 mL
	50 mM	0.0236 mL	0.1181 mL	0.2361 mL	0.5903 mL
	60 mM	0.0197 mL	0.0984 mL	0.1968 mL	0.4919 mL
	80 mM	0.0148 mL	0.0738 mL	0.1476 mL	0.3689 mL
	100 mM	0.0118 mL	0.0590 mL	0.1181 mL	0.2952 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium

2 Cited Publications

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Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium

All Calcium Channel Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (2)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium Related Classifications

HY-N2522 Related Classifications